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Campbell AS, Johnson CD, O'Connor S. Impact of Peripheral Nerve Block Technique on Incidence of Phrenic Nerve Palsy in Shoulder Surgery. Anesthesiol Res Pract 2023; 2023:9962595. [PMID: 37727810 PMCID: PMC10506885 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9962595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve blocks are an increasingly common method of providing postoperative analgesia for shoulder surgeries. However, the standard technique, the interscalene block (ISB), inevitably causes hemidiaphragmatic paresis (HDP), secondary to phrenic nerve palsy. This can cause morbidity in patients with preexisting respiratory compromise, prompting investigation into alternative "phrenic-sparing" nerve blocks. The aim of this review was to give an overview of these blocks and critically evaluate the current literature to determine if any are suitable replacements for ISB. The incidence of HDP and analgesic efficacy were considered. We queried four electronic databases and one register. Twenty-eight original articles were selected for review. The use of ultrasound guidance, lower volumes of local anaesthetic (LA), and injection 4 mm outside the brachial plexus fascia reduced HDP incidence for the ISB; however, no single modification did so sufficiently. While the anterior suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) showed comparable analgesic effects to the ISB, HDP prevalence was also high. The posterior SSNB produced consistently low HDP incidences but also inferior analgesia to ISB, except when combined with an infraclavicular brachial plexus block. The superior trunk block (STB) provided equivalent analgesia to the ISB while reducing HDP incidence, but not significantly. Lower LA volumes consistently led to lower HDP incidence across all blocks, likely due to a reduced ability to spread to the phrenic nerve. Further investigation into the minimum effective volumes of the extrafascial ISB, anterior SSNB, STB, and combined posterior SSNB with infraclavicular block is warranted to determine if any of these blocks can successfully balance HDP prevention with analgesic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron S. Campbell
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences Education, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 7AA, UK
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2
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Gupta K, Gupta M, Sabharwal N, Subramanium B, Belani KG, Chan V. Ultrasound-guided anterior suprascapular nerve block versus interscalene brachial plexus block for arthroscopic shoulder surgery: A randomised controlled study. Indian J Anaesth 2023; 67:595-602. [PMID: 37601942 PMCID: PMC10436719 DOI: 10.4103/ija.ija_126_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The interscalene brachial plexus block (ISB) affects the phrenic nerve, resulting in hemi-diaphragmatic paresis (HDP) and, possibly, respiratory distress. Suprascapular nerve block via an anterior approach (SSB-A) is performed more distally at the level of the trunk of the brachial plexus and, thus, may spare the phrenic nerve. This study compares the analgesic efficacy and decline of hemi-diaphragmatic excursion (HDE) following ultrasound (US)-guided SSB-A versus ISB for arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Methods This study was conducted on 60 adult participants undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery under general anaesthesia. Both US-guided SSB-A (n = 30) and ISB (n = 30) were performed with a combination of 10 ml bupivacaine (0.5%) and 4 mg dexamethasone. The primary objective was to compare the duration of analgesia (time to first rescue analgesia), and secondary objectives were to compare 24-h postoperative numerical rating scale (NRS) scores, 24-h morphine consumption and post block change in HDE, and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) between the two groups. For analysing intergroup differences of NRS, HDE and PFT; Pearson's Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test, unpaired t test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used. For intragroup differences, paired t test was used. A P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results The duration of analgesia (mean ± Standard Deviation) was similar in two groups (SSB-A = 1,345 ± 182 min, ISB = 1,375 ± 156 min; P = 0.8). The reduction in HDE was significantly greater in the ISB group (44%) than in the SSB-A group (10%). Pulmonary function was better preserved in the SSB-A group. Conclusion Compared to ISB, SSB-A has a similar analgesic efficacy for arthroscopic shoulder surgeries, but it is superior in preserving diaphragmatic function and pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Gupta
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Malvika Gupta
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Medanta Medicity, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Nikki Sabharwal
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Kumar G. Belani
- Department of Anaesthesia, M Health Fairview Masonic Children’s Hospital, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Vincent Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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3
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Hurley ET, Maye AB, Thompson K, Anil U, Resad S, Virk M, Strauss EJ, Alaia MJ, Campbell KA. Pain Control After Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials With a Network Meta-analysis. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:2262-2271. [PMID: 33321046 DOI: 10.1177/0363546520971757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shoulder arthroscopy is one of the most commonly performed orthopaedic procedures used to treat a variety of conditions, with >500,000 procedures performed each year. PURPOSE To systematically review the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on pain control after shoulder arthroscopy in the acute postoperative setting and to ascertain the best available evidence in managing pain after shoulder arthroscopy to optimize patient outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was performed based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Studies were included if they were RCTs evaluating interventions to reduce postoperative pain after shoulder arthroscopy: nerve blocks, nerve block adjuncts, subacromial injections, patient-controlled analgesia, oral medications, or other modalities. Meta-analyses and network meta-analyses were performed where appropriate. RESULTS Our study included 83 RCTs. Across 40 studies, peripheral nerve blocks were found to significantly reduce postoperative pain and opioid use, but there was no significant difference among the variable nerve blocks in the network meta-analysis. However, continuous interscalene block did have the highest P-score at most time points. Nerve block adjuncts were consistently shown across 18 studies to prolong the nerve block time and reduce pain. Preoperative administration was shown to significantly reduce postoperative pain scores (P < .05). No benefit was found in any of the studies evaluating subacromial infusions. CONCLUSION Continuous interscalene block resulted in the lowest pain levels at most time points, although this was not significantly different when compared with the other nerve blocks. Additionally, nerve block adjuncts may prolong the postoperative block time and improve pain control. There is promising evidence for some oral medications and newer modalities to control pain and reduce opioid use. However, we found no evidence to support the use of subacromial infusions or patient-controlled analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew B Maye
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Utkarsh Anil
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sehar Resad
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mandeep Virk
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric J Strauss
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
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Afshan G, Khan RI, Ahmed A, Siddiqui AS, Rehman A, Raza SA, Kerai R, Mustafa K. Post-operative pain management modalities employed in clinical trials for adult patients in LMIC; a systematic review. BMC Anesthesiol 2021; 21:160. [PMID: 34034672 PMCID: PMC8152022 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-021-01375-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unrelieved postoperative pain afflicts millions each year in low and middle income countries (LMIC). Despite substantial advances in the study of pain, this area remains neglected. Current systematic review was designed to ascertain the types of clinical trials conducted in LMIC on postoperative pain management modalities over the last decade. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed in June 2019 on PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Plus, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant trials on the management of postoperative pain in LMIC. Out of 1450 RCTs, 108 studies were reviewed for quality evidence using structured form of critical appraisal skill program. Total of 51 clinical trials were included after applying inclusion/exclusion criteria. RESULTS Results are charted according to the type of surgery. Eleven trials on laparoscopic cholecystectomy used multimodal analgesia including some form of regional analgesia. Different analgesic modalities were studied in 4 trials on thoracotomy, but none used multimodal approach. In 11 trials on laparotomy, multimodal analgesia was employed along with the studied modalities. In 2 trials on hysterectomy, preemptive pregabalin or gabapentin were used for reduction in rescue analgesia. In 13 trials on breast surgical procedures and 10 on orthopaedic surgery, multimodal analgesia was used with some form of regional analgesia. CONCLUSION We found that over the past 10 years, clinical trials for postoperative pain modalities have evolved in LMIC according to the current postoperative pain management guidelines i.e. multi-modal approach with some form of regional analgesia. The current review shows that clinical trials were conducted using multimodal analgesia including but not limited to some form of regional analgesia for postoperative pain in LMIC however this research snapshot (of only three countries) may not exactly reflect the clinical practices in all 47 countries. Post Operative Pain Management Modalities Employed in Clinical Trials for Adult Patients in LMIC; A Systematic Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauhar Afshan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
| | - Robyna Irshad Khan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Aliya Ahmed
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sarfraz Siddiqui
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rehman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Amir Raza
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rozina Kerai
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Khawaja Mustafa
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 2nd floor Private Wing, Aga Khan University, P.O. Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
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Layera S, Saadawi M, Tran DQ, Salinas FV. Motor-Sparing Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Shoulder, Knee, and Hip Surgery. Adv Anesth 2020; 38:189-207. [PMID: 34106834 DOI: 10.1016/j.aan.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Layera
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, University of Chile, Office B222 Second Floor, Sector B, 999 Santos Dumont, Independencia, Santiago 8380456, Chile
| | - Mohammed Saadawi
- Department of Anesthesiology, St. Mary's Hospital, McGill University, 3830 Avenue Lacombe, Montreal, Quebec H3T-1M5, Canada
| | - De Q Tran
- Department of Anesthesiology, St. Mary's Hospital, McGill University, 3830 Avenue Lacombe, Montreal, Quebec H3T-1M5, Canada
| | - Francis V Salinas
- Department of Anesthesiology, US Anesthesia Partners-Washington, 600 Broadway, Suite 270, Seattle, WA 98122, USA.
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Ultraschallgesteuerte Regionalanästhesie: Best Practice Obere Extremität. Anaesthesist 2020; 69:941-950. [DOI: 10.1007/s00101-020-00878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Patel MS, Abboud JA, Sethi PM. Perioperative pain management for shoulder surgery: evolving techniques. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2020; 29:e416-e433. [PMID: 32844751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2020.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Improving management of postoperative pain following shoulder surgery is vital for optimizing patient outcomes, length of stay, and decreasing addiction to narcotic medications. Multimodal analgesia (ie, controlling pain via multiple different analgesic methods with differing mechanisms) is an ever-evolving approach to enhancing pain control perioperatively after shoulder surgery. With a variety of options for the shoulder surgeon to turn to, this article succinctly reviews the pros and cons of each approach and proposes a potential pain management algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manan S Patel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Joseph A Abboud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul M Sethi
- Orthopaedic & Neurosurgery Specialists, Greenwich, CT, USA
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Hussain N, Costache I, Kumar N, Essandoh M, Weaver T, Wong P, Tierney S, Rose P, McCartney CJL, Abdallah FW. Is Supraclavicular Block as Good as Interscalene Block for Acute Pain Control Following Shoulder Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Anesth Analg 2020; 130:1304-1319. [PMID: 32102013 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interscalene block (ISB) is the acute pain management technique of choice for shoulder surgery, but its undesirable respiratory side effects have prompted seeking alternatives. Supraclavicular block (SCB) is proposed as an ISB alternative, but evidence of comparative analgesic and respiratory-sparing effects is inconsistent. We compared the analgesic and respiratory effects of SCB and ISB for shoulder surgery. METHODS Trials comparing ISB to SCB for shoulder surgery were sought. We decided a priori that SCB would be an acceptable alternative if it were noninferior for (1) postoperative 24-hour cumulative oral morphine equivalent consumption (primary outcome, noninferiority margin Δ = -25 mg) and (2) postoperative pain (secondary outcome, noninferiority margin Δ = 4.0 cm·hour); and superior for (3) postblock respiratory dysfunction (primary outcome). Opioid-related side effects and block-related complications were also evaluated. RESULTS Fifteen studies (1065 patients) were analyzed. In single-injection blocks, SCB was noninferior to ISB for 24-hour morphine consumption (mean difference for SCB-ISB, MD [95% confidence interval {CI}] = -3.11 mg [-9.42 to 3.19], Δ = -25 mg); it was also noninferior for 24-hour pain scores (MD = 0.78 cm·hour [0.07-1.49], Δ = 4.0 cm·hour); and decreased the odds of respiratory dysfunction (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI] = 0.08 [0.01-0.68]). Similarly, in continuous blocks, SCB was noninferior to ISB for 24-hour morphine consumption (MD = 0.46 mg [-6.08 to 5.15], Δ = -25 mg), and decreased the odds of respiratory dysfunction (OR = 0.22 [0.08-0.57]). SCB also decreased odds of minor block-related complications (OR = 0.36 [0.20-0.68] and OR = 0.25 [0.15-0.41] for single-injection and continuous blocks, respectively). Consequently, the null joint-hypothesis was rejected, and SCB can be considered an acceptable alternative to ISB. CONCLUSIONS For acute pain control following shoulder surgery, high-quality evidence indicates that SCB can be used as an effective ISB alternative. SCB is noninferior for postoperative opioid consumption and acute pain, and it reduces the odds of postblock respiratory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Hussain
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ioana Costache
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas Kumar
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Faculty of Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael Essandoh
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tristan Weaver
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Patrick Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Tierney
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Rose
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin J L McCartney
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Faraj W Abdallah
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Subomohyoid Anterior Suprascapular Block versus Interscalene Block for Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery. Anesthesiology 2020; 132:839-853. [DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000003132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Interscalene brachial plexus block, the pain relief standard for shoulder surgery, is an invasive technique associated with important complications. The subomohyoid anterior suprascapular block is a potential alternative, but evidence of its comparative analgesic effect is sparse. The authors tested the hypothesis that anterior suprascapular block is noninferior to interscalene block for improving pain control after shoulder surgery. As a secondary objective, the authors evaluated the success of superior trunk (C5–C6 dermatomes) block with suprascapular block.
Methods
In this multicenter double-blind noninferiority randomized trial, 140 patients undergoing shoulder surgery were randomized to either interscalene or anterior suprascapular block with 15 ml of ropivacaine 0.5% and epinephrine. The primary outcome was area under the curve of postoperative visual analog scale pain scores during the first 24 h postoperatively. The 90% CI for the difference (interscalene-suprascapular) was compared against a –4.4-U noninferiority margin. Secondary outcomes included presence of superior trunk blockade, pain scores at individual time points, opioid consumption, time to first analgesic request, opioid-related side-effects, and quality of recovery.
Results
A total of 136 patients were included in the analysis. The mean difference (90% CI) in area under the curve of pain scores for the (interscalene-suprascapular) comparison was –0.3 U (–0.8 to 0.12), exceeding the noninferiority margin of –4.4 U and demonstrating noninferiority of suprascapular block. The risk ratio (95% CI) of combined superior trunk (C5–C6 dermatomes) blockade was 0.98 (0.92 to 1.01), excluding any meaningful difference in superior trunk block success rates between the two groups. When differences in other analgesic outcomes existed, they were not clinically important.
Conclusions
The suprascapular block was noninferior to interscalene block with respect to improvement of postoperative pain control, and also for blockade of the superior trunk. These findings suggest that the suprascapular block consistently blocks the superior trunk and qualify it as an effective interscalene block alternative.
Editor’s Perspective
What We Already Know about This Topic
What This Article Tells Us That Is New
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10
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Tran DQ, Layera S, Bravo D, Cristi-Sanchéz I, Bermudéz L, Aliste J. Diaphragm-sparing nerve blocks for shoulder surgery, revisited. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2019; 45:rapm-2019-100908. [PMID: 31541010 DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2019-100908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although interscalene brachial plexus block (ISB) remains the gold standard for analgesia after shoulder surgery, the inherent risks of ipsilateral phrenic nerve block and hemidiaphragmatic paralysis (HDP) limit its use in patients with preexisting pulmonary compromise. In a previous Daring Discourse (2017), our research team has identified potential diaphragm-sparing alternatives to ISB for patients undergoing shoulder surgery. In recent years, the field has been fertile with research, with the publication of multiple randomized controlled trials investigating supraclavicular blocks, upper trunk blocks, anterior suprascapular nerve blocks, costoclavicular blocks, and combined infraclavicular-suprascapular blocks. To date, the cumulative evidence (pre-2017 and post-2017) suggests that costoclavicular blocks may provide similar postoperative analgesia to ISB coupled with a 0%-incidence of HDP. However, in light of the small number of patients recruited by the single study investigating costoclavicular blocks, further confirmatory trials are required. Moreover, future investigation should also be undertaken to determine if costoclavicular blocks could achieve surgical anesthesia for shoulder surgery. Anterior suprascapular nerve blocks have been demonstrated to provide surgical anesthesia and similar analgesia to ISB. However, their risk of HDP has not been formally quantified. Of the remaining diaphragm-sparing nerve blocks, supraclavicular blocks (with local anesthetic injection posterolateral to the brachial plexus), upper trunk blocks, and combined infraclavicular-anterior suprascapular blocks merit further investigation, as they have been shown to achieve similar analgesia to ISB, coupled with an HDP incidence <10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Q Tran
- Anesthesia, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sebastián Layera
- Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Bravo
- Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iver Cristi-Sanchéz
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Loreley Bermudéz
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julián Aliste
- Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Li J, Lam D, King H, Credaroli E, Harmon E, Vadivelu N. Novel Regional Anesthesia for Outpatient Surgery. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2019; 23:69. [PMID: 31372836 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-019-0809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Peripheral nerve blocks are effective and safe modalities for perioperative analgesia. But it remains unclear what blocks are adequate for ambulatory surgeries, as well as the proper patient management before and after discharge. RECENT FINDINGS Emerging nerve blocks have sparked interests due to ease to perform under ultrasound guidance and lower risks of adverse events. Some of these novel blocks are particularly suitable for ambulatory procedures, including but not limited to motor-sparing lower extremity nerve blocks and phrenic-sparing nerve blocks for shoulder surgeries. The adoption of peripheral nerve block into outpatient surgery is a multidisciplinary effort that encompasses appropriate patient choice, careful selection of nerve blocks that minimize potential adverse events after discharge, and proper patient follow-up until block effects resolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - David Lam
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hanna King
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Emily Harmon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nalini Vadivelu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Karaman T, Karaman S, Aşçı M, Tapar H, Şahin A, Dogru S, Suren M. Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular and Interscalene Brachial Plexus Blocks in Postoperative Pain Management After Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery. Pain Pract 2018; 19:196-203. [DOI: 10.1111/papr.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Karaman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation; School of Medicine; Gaziosmanpasa University; Tokat Turkey
| | - Serkan Karaman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation; School of Medicine; Gaziosmanpasa University; Tokat Turkey
| | - Murat Aşçı
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology; School of Medicine; Gaziosmanpasa University; Tokat Turkey
| | - Hakan Tapar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation; School of Medicine; Gaziosmanpasa University; Tokat Turkey
| | - Aynur Şahin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation; School of Medicine; Gaziosmanpasa University; Tokat Turkey
| | - Serkan Dogru
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation; School of Medicine; Gaziosmanpasa University; Tokat Turkey
| | - Mustafa Suren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation; School of Medicine; Gaziosmanpasa University; Tokat Turkey
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The Influence of Suprascapular Notch Shape on the Visualization of Structures in the Suprascapular Notch Region: Studies Based on a New Four-Stage Ultrasonographic Protocol. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5323628. [PMID: 29423409 PMCID: PMC5750495 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5323628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of the morphology of the suprascapular notch region is important from a clinical point of view because it is the most common site of suprascapular nerve compression and injury. A group of 120 patients underwent ultrasound examination of the suprascapular notch region according to our original four-stage "step-by-step" protocol. The notches were classified based on their morphology and measurements like maximal depth (MD) and superior transverse diameter (STD) as follows: type I-MD is longer than STD, type II-MD and STD are equal, type III-STD is longer than MD, and in type IV/V-notches only the bony margin was visualized without depression. Both suprascapular notches were fully visualized in 115 of 120 patients. The type III suprascapular notch was the most prevalent (64.2%), followed by type IV/V (18.7%), type I (11.1%), and type II (6.0%). Color Doppler analysis allowed the suprascapular artery to be recognized in all visualized notches. The suprascapular vein was visible in 176 notches and the suprascapular nerve in 150. Notches containing both suprascapular nerve and vein were significantly wider and shallower than average. As the suprascapular artery is the most easily recognised structure in the area, it may serve as a useful landmark of the suprascapular notch.
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