MicroRNA gene polymorphisms in pancreatic cancer

Effect of miR-196a2 rs11614913 Polymorphism on Cancer Susceptibility: Evidence From an Updated Meta-Analysis

Background:MiR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism has been studied in a wide range of cancers throughout the years. Despite a large number of epidemiological studies performed in almost all ethnic populations, the contribution of this polymorphism to cancer risk is still inconclusive. Therefore, this updated meta-analysis was performed to estimate a meticulous correlation between miR-196a2 rs11614913 variant and cancer susceptibility. Methods: A systematic study search was carried out using PubMed, ScienceDirect, CNKI, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases following PRISMA guidelines to find necessary literature up to December 15, 2021. Pooled odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were estimated using RevMan 5.4 based on ethnicities, cancer types, control sources, and genotyping methods. Results: A total of 152 studies, including 120 135 subjects (53 818 patients and 66 317 controls; 140 studies, after removing studies that deviated from HWE: 51 459 cases and 62 588 controls), were included in this meta-analysis. Quantitative synthesis suggests that the miR-196a2 rs11614913 genetic variant is significantly correlated with the reduced risk of overall cancer in CDM2, CDM3, RM, and AM (odds ratio < 1 and P < .05). It is also observed from ethnicity-based subgroup analysis that rs11614913 polymorphism is significantly (P < .05) linked with cancer in the Asian (in CDM2, CDM3, RM, AM) and the African population (in CDM1, CDM3, ODM). Stratified analysis based on the cancer types demonstrated a significantly decreased correlation for breast, hepatocellular, lung, and gynecological cancer and an increased association for oral and renal cell cancer. Again, the control population-based subgroup analysis reported a strongly reduced correlation for HB population in CDM2, RM, and AM. A substantially decreased risk was also observed for other genotyping methods in multiple genetic models. Conclusions:MiR-196a2 rs11614913 variant is significantly correlated with overall cancer susceptibility. Besides, rs11614913 is correlated with cancer in Asians and Africans. It is also correlated with breast, gynecological, hepatocellular, lung, oral, and renal cell cancer.

MiRNA-146a rs2910164 Confers a Susceptibility to Digestive System Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Involving 59,098 Subjects

BACKGROUND

MicroRNA (miR)-146a might participate in the occurrence of malignant tumor. The aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the relationship of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) rs2910164 C > G locus to the development of digestive system cancer (DSC).

METHODS

We retrieved publications from PubMed, China Biology Medicine and EMBASE databases up to August 29, 2019. Finally, 56 independent case-control studies with 59,098 participants were included. The strength of the relationship between rs2910164 locus and a risk of DSC was assessed. The power value was also calculated in this study.

RESULTS

We identified a correlation of rs2910164 locus in miR-146a with DSC development in dominant model (P = .035; power value = 0.994). MiR-146a rs2910164 locus was also identified to be correlated with a risk of DSC in Asians (GG/CG vs. CC: P = .033; power value = 0.989). Sensitivity analysis revealed that any individual study could not alter the final decision. In our study, no significant bias was found among these included studies (P > .1). The results of heterogeneity analysis suggested that small sample size (<1000 subjects), colorectal carcinoma, Asians, gastric carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, hepatocellular cancer, hospital-based study and high-quality score (≥7.0) subgroups contributed the heterogeneity to our findings. Galbraith radial plot determined that eleven outliers contributed to the main heterogeneity.

CONCLUSION

In summary, this meta-analysis highlights that rs2910164 locus might be implicated in the risk of DSC. More studies are, therefore, needed to confirm our results.

Association of mir-196a-2 rs11614913 and mir-149 rs2292832 Polymorphisms With Risk of Cancer: An Updated Meta-Analysis

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that functional dysregulations of miRNAs, especially miR-196a-2 and miR-149, in cancers could be attributed to polymorphisms in miRNA sequences. This study was aimed at clarifying the association of mir-196a-2 rs11614913 and mir-149 rs2292832 with cancer risk by performing an updated meta-analysis of genetic association studies. Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched until 9 April 2018 to identify eligible studies. Studies should meet the following criteria to be included in the meta-analysis: evaluation of genetic association between rs11614913 and/or rs2292832 and susceptibility to cancer; A case-control design; Written in English; Availability of sufficient data for estimating odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Studies that met the following criteria were excluded: review articles, meta-analysis, abstracts or conference papers; duplicate publications; studies on animals or cell-lines; studies without a case-control design; studies that did not report genotype frequencies. Pooled ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using a total of 111 studies (41,673 cases and 49,570 controls) for mir-196a rs11614913 and 44 studies (15,954 cases and 19,594 controls) for mir-149 rs2292832. Stratified analysis according to quality scores, genotyping method, ethnicity, broad cancer category and cancer type was also performed. Results: Mir-196a-2 rs11614913 T allele was associated with decreased cancer risk in overall population. The association was only significant in Asians but not Caucasians. In subgroup analysis, significant associations were found in high quality studies, gynecological cancers, ovarian, breast, and hepatocellular cancer. Mir-149 rs2292832 was not associated with cancer risk in overall population and there were no differences between Asians and Caucasians. However, the T allele was associated with a decrease risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers under the heterozygote model and an increased risk of colorectal cancer under the recessive model. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis suggests that mir-196a-2 rs11614913 may contribute to the risk of cancer especially in Asians. Mir-149 rs2292832 may modulate the risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers especially colorectal cancer. This study had some limitations such as significant heterogeneity in most contrasts, limited number of studies enrolling Africans or Caucasians ancestry and lack of adjustment for covariates and environmental interactions.

MiR-101 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer through targeting STMN1

MiRNAs regulated most genes expression, which were proved important in various tumors. In this study, we want to investigate miR-101 effect and molecular mechanism on pancreatic cancer (PC), the research about this was blank now. RT-PCR analysis showed that miR-101 expression was declined in PC. MTT assay found that miR-101 mimic suppressed cell viability, while suppressing miR-101 facilitated cell proliferation. Transwell assay showed that miR-101 mimic inhibited cell invasion, but promoted cell invasion by miR-101 inhibitor. With TargetScanHuman's help, we verified STMN1 as a specific target of miR-101 and luciferase reporter assay was carried out to further confirm this discovery. STMN1 expression was reduced by miR-101 mimic and increased by miR-101 inhibitor. We next found that STMN1 was elevated in PC and its expression was negatively correlated with miR-101 expression. Furthermore, STMN1 siRNA curbed cell proliferation and invasion, which was opposite to miR-101 inhibitor effect on PC progression and STMN1 siRNA attenuated miR-101 inhibitor effect on cell proliferation and invasion. In conclusion, miR-101 inhibited PC cell proliferation and invasion via regulating STMN1, which provided a potential therapeutic for PC patients.

rs11614913 polymorphism in miRNA-196a2 and cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis

Several epidemiological studies have reported that polymorphisms in microRNA-196a2 (miR-196a2) were associated with various cancers. However, the results remained unverified and were inconsistent in different cancers. Therefore, we carried out an updated meta-analysis to elaborate the effects of rs11614913 polymorphism on cancer susceptibility. A total of 84 articles with 35,802 cases and 41,541 controls were included to evaluate the association between the miR-196a2 rs11614913 and cancer risk by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The results showed that miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism is associated with cancer susceptibility, especially in lung cancer (homozygote comparison, OR =0.840, 95% CI =0.734-0.961; recessive model, OR =0.858, 95% CI =0.771-0.955), hepatocellular carcinoma (allelic contrast, OR =0.894, 95% CI =0.800-0.998; homozygote comparison, OR =0.900, 95% CI =0.813-0.997; recessive model, OR =0.800, 95% CI =0.678-0.944), and head and neck cancer (allelic contrast, OR =1.076, 95% CI =1.006-1.152; homozygote comparison, OR =1.214, 95% CI =1.043-1.413). In addition, significant association was found among Asian populations (allele model, OR =0.847, 95% CI =0.899-0.997, P=0.038; homozygote model, OR =0.878, 95% CI =0.788-0.977, P=0.017; recessive model, OR =0.895, 95% CI =0.824-0.972, P=0.008) but not in Caucasians. The updated meta-analysis confirmed the previous results that miR-196a2 rs11614913 polymorphism may serve as a risk factor for patients with cancers.

Association of miR-196a2 rs11614913 and miR-499 rs3746444 polymorphisms with cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Background

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules, which participate in diverse biological processes and may regulate tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. Rs11614913 in miR-196a2 and rs3746444 in miR-499 are shown to associate with increased/decreased cancer risk. This meta-analysis was performed to systematically assess the overall association.

Materials and Methods

We searched Pubmed, Web of Knowledge, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases until December 2016 to identify eligible studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the strength of the associations.

Results

We assessed published studies of the association between these microRNA polymorphisms and cancer risk from 56 studies with 21958/26436 cases/controls for miR-196a2 and from 37 studies with 13759/17946 cases/controls for miR-499. The results demonstrated that miR-196a2 rs11614913 was significantly associated with a decreased cancer risk, in particular with a decreased risk for colorectal cancer and gastric cancer, or for Asian population subgroup. In addition, miR-499 rs3746444 polymorphism was observed as a risk factor for cancers, in particular, for breast cancer, or for in the Asian population.

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis suggests that the rs11614913 most likely contributes to decreased susceptibility to cancer, especially in Asians and colorectal cancer and gastric cancer, and that the rs3746444 may increase risk for cancer. Furthermore, more well-designed studies with large sample size are still necessary to further elucidate the association between polymorphisms and different kinds of cancers risk.

MiR-142 modulates human pancreatic cancer proliferation and invasion by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α) in the tumor microenvironments

MicroRNAs regulate most protein-coding genes, including genes important in cancer and other diseases. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of miR-142 could be significantly suppressed in pancreatic cancer specimens and cell lines compared to their adjacent tissues and normal pancreatic cells. Growth and invasion of PANC-1 and SW1990 cells were attenuated by overexpression of miR-142 in vitro. With the help of bioinformatics analysis, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α) was identified to be a direct target of miR-142, and a luciferase reporter experiment confirmed this discovery. Overexpression of miR-142 decreases protein expression of HIF-1α. In the hypoxic microenvironment, HIF-1α was up-regulated while miR-142 was down-regulated. The invaded cells significantly increased in the hypoxic microenvironment compared to the normoxic microenvironment. The hypoxia treatment induced cells’ proliferation, and invasion could be inhibited by miR-142 overexpression or HIF-1α inhibition. Moreover, expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, Vimentin, VEGF-C and E-cad, was altered under hypoxia conditions and regulated by miR-142/HIF-1α. Above all, these findings provided insights on the functional mechanism of miR-142, suggesting that the miR-142/HIF-1α axis may interfere with the proliferative and invasive properties of pancreatic cancer cells, and indicated that miR-142 could be a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.

Summary: Our findings provide insights to the functional mechanism of miR-142, suggesting that the miR-142/HIF-1α axis may interfere with the proliferative and invasive property of pancreatic cancer cells.

MiR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism increases the risk of digestive system cancer: A meta-analysis

AIM

There is merging evidence suggesting that the miR-146a polymorphism might be associated with susceptibility to digestive system cancer. However, previous published studies have failed to achieve a definitive conclusion. To address this issue, an updated meta-analysis was performed.

METHODS

A comprehensive electronic search was conducted using the following source to identify the eligible studies: PubMed, Embase, China BioMedicine, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Odds ratios and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was used in the quantitative synthesis.

RESULTS

The database search identified 1344 eligible studies, of which 32 (comprising 12,541 cases and 15,925 controls) were included. The results indicate that the miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of digestive system cancer in heterozygote comparison (GC vs. CC: OR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.02-1.30, P=0.02), and recessive model (GG vs. GC+CC: OR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.17, P=0.006). Subgroup analysis by cancer site revealed increased risk in gastric cancer above heterozygote comparison (GG vs. GC: OR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.02-1.25, P=0.02), and recessive model (GG vs. GC+CC: OR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.04-1.26, P=0.006). Similarly, increased cancer risk was observed in hepatocellular carcinoma when compared with homozygote comparison (GG vs. CC: OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.04-1.42, P=0.02), heterozygote comparison (GC vs. CC: OR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.02-1.29, P=0.02), and dominant model (GG+GC vs. CC: OR=1.16, 95% CI: 1.04-1.29, P=0.009). When stratified by ethnicity and quality score, increased cancer risks were also observed among Asians, Caucasians and high quality studies subgroup.

CONCLUSION

The current study revealed that miR-146a G/C genetic polymorphism was more likely to be associated with digestive system cancer risk.

MicroRNA-140 regulates cell growth and invasion in pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma by targeting iASPP

MicroRNAs are ∼22 nucleotide RNAs processed from RNA hairpin structures that play important roles in regulating protein expression level via binding to mRNA, either suppressing its translation or speeding up its degradation. In humans, they regulate most protein-coding genes, including genes important in cancer and other diseases. In this study, the expression of microRNA-140 (miR-140) was demonstrated to be significantly suppressed in pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma specimens and cell lines, compared with their adjacent normal tissues. With the help of bioinformatics analysis, inhibitor of apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP) was identified to be a direct target of miR-140, and luciferase reporter experiment confirmed this discovery. Overexpression of miR-140 decreases the protein expressions of iASPP, ΔNp63, MMP2, and MMP9. Growth and invasion of PANC-1 cells were attenuated by overexpression of miR-140 in vitro. The suppressive effect of miR-140 on PANC-1 cell line could be partly balanced out by manual overexpression of iASPP. Above all, these findings provided insights into the functional mechanism of miR-140, suggested that the miR-140/iASPP axis may interfere with the proliferative and invasive property of pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma cells, and indicated that miR-140 could be a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma.

MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: Involvement in Carcinogenesis and Potential Use for Diagnosis and Prognosis

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most fatal malignancies with increasing incidence and high mortality. Possibilities for early diagnosis are limited and there is currently no efficient therapy. Molecular markers that have been introduced into diagnosis and treatment of other solid tumors remain unreciprocated in this disease. Recent discoveries have shown that certain microRNAs (miRNAs) take part in fundamental molecular processes associated with pancreatic cancer initiation and progression including cell cycle, DNA repair, apoptosis, invasivity, and metastasis. The mechanism involves both positive and negative regulation of expression of protooncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Various miRNAs are expressed at different levels among normal pancreatic tissue, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer and may therefore serve as a tool to differentiate chronic pancreatitis from early stages of cancer. Other miRNAs can indicate the probable course of the disease or determine the survival prognosis. In addition, there is a growing interest directed at the understanding of miRNA-induced molecular mechanisms. The possibility of intervention in the molecular mechanisms of miRNAs regulation could begin a new generation of pancreatic cancer therapies. This review summarizes the recent reports describing functions of miRNAs in cellular processes underlying pancreatic cancerogenesis and their utility in diagnosis, survival prognosis, and therapy.

Associations between three common MicroRNA polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in Chinese

AIM

Associations between polymorphisms in miR-146aG>C, miR-196a2C>T and miR-499A>G and risk of HCC, and interaction with HBV infection in a Chinese population, were the target of the present research.

METHODS

The duplex polymerase-chain-reaction with confronting-two-pair primers (PCR-RFLP) was performed to determine the genotypes of the miR-146aG>C, miR-196a2C>T and miR-499A>G genotypes. Associations of polymorphisms with the risk of HCC were estimated by conditional logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

Drinking, family history of cancer, HBsAg and HCV were risk factors for HCC. Multivariate regression analyses showed that subjects carrying the miR-196a2 CC genotype had significantly increased risk of HCC, with an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 2.18 (1.23-3.80). In addition, cases carrying the miR-196a2 C allele had a 1.64-fold increase in the risk for HCC (95%CI=1.03-2.49). The miR-196a CT and TT genotypes greatly significantly increased the risk of HCC in subjects with HBV infection, with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 2.02 (1.12-3.68) and 2.69 (1.28-5.71), respectively.

CONCLUSION

Our results demonstrate that miR-196a2 CC genotype and C allele have an important role in HCC risk in Chinese, especially in patients with HBV infection.

A genetic variant in MiR-146a modifies digestive system cancer risk: a meta-analysis

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate gene expression and act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in oncogenesis. The association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in miR-146a rs2910164 and susceptibility to digestive system cancers was inconsistent in previous studies. In this study, we conducted a literature search of PubMed to identify all relevant studies published before August 31, 2013. A total of 21 independent case-control studies were included in this updated meta-analysis with 9,558 cases and 10,614 controls. We found that the miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism was significantly associated with decreased risk of digestive system cancers in an allele model (OR=0.90, 95%CI 0.87-0.94), homozygote model (OR=0.84, 95%CI 0.77-0.91), dominant model (OR=0.90, 95%CI 0.84-0.96), and recessive model (OR=0.85, 95%CI 0.79-0.91), while in a heterozygous model (OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.89-1.11) the association showed marginal significance. Subgroup analysis by cancer site revealed decreased risk in colorectal cancer above allele model (OR=0.90, 95%CI 0.83- 0.97) and homozygote model (OR=0.85, 95%CI 0.72-1.00). Similarly, decreased cancer risk was observed when compared with allele model (OR=0.87, 95%CI 0.81-0.93) and recessive model (OR=0.81, 95%CI 0.72-0.90) in gastric cancer. When stratified by ethnicity, genotyping methods and quality score, decreased cancer risks were also observed. This current meta-analysis indicated that miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism may decrease the susceptibility to digestive system cancers, especially in Asian populations.

Association between four common microRNA polymorphisms and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and HBV infection

microRNAs (miR/miRNAs) have been demonstrated to function as tumor suppressors and oncogenes, and miRNA polymorphisms may have a role in cancer development. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the miR-146aG>C, miR-149C>T, miR-196a2C>T and miR-499A>G polymorphisms and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. A total of 271 patients with HCC and 532 healthy control participants were enrolled in the present study. miR-146aG>C, miR-149C>T, miR-196a2C>T and miR-499A>G polymorphisms were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. A significant difference was identified in the genotype frequency of miR-196a2C>T in the patients in the case group compared with the control group (χ²=6.88; P=0.032). Compared with the CC genotype, the miR-196a2 TT genotype was associated with a significantly reduced risk of HCC [odds ratio (OR), 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.38–0.99], and a significantly reduced risk was also found in the dominant (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.49–0.98) and recessive (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.46–1.02) models. Moreover, individuals with HBV who were carrying the miR-196a2 CT and TT genotypes had a significantly reduced risk of HCC (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41–0.95; and OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.20–0.73, respectively). In conclusion, the present study found that the miR-196a2C>T polymorphism has a protective effect in patients with HCC, particularly in those with HBV infection.

Association between two common polymorphisms and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: evidence from an updated meta-analysis

Background. Recent studies suggested that two common polymorphisms, miR-146a G>C and miR-196a2 C>T, may be associated with individual susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the results remain conflicting rather than conclusive. Object. The aim of this study was to assess the association between miR-146a G>C and miR-196a2 C>T polymorphisms and the risk of HCC. Methods. A meta-analysis of 17 studies (10938 cases and 11967 controls) was performed. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to evaluate the strength of the association. Results. For miR-146a G>C, the variant genotypes were associated with a decreased risk of HCC (CC versus GG: OR = 0.780 and 95% CI 0.700–0.869; GC/CC versus GG: OR = 0.865 and 95% CI 0.787–0.952; CC versus GC/GG: OR = 0.835 and 95% CI 0.774–0.901). For miR-196a2 C>T, significant association was also observed (TT versus CC: OR = 0.783, 95% CI: 0.649–0.943, and P = 0.010; CT versus CC: OR = 0.831, 95% CI 0.714–0.967, and P = 0.017; CT/TT versus CC: OR = 0.817, 95% CI 0.703–0.949, and P = 0.008). Conclusion. The two common polymorphisms miR-146a G>C and miR-196a2 C>T were associated with decreased HCC susceptibility, especially in Asian population.

miR-146a gene polymorphism rs2910164 and the risk of digestive tumors: A meta-analysis of 21 case-control studies

Digestive tumors have the highest incidence among all tumor types worldwide. miR-146a has been shown to play an important role in the development, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis of digestive tumors. Additionally, a miR-146a gene polymorphism has been associated with the risk of a variety of cancer types in the digestive system. Therefore, in order to investigate the correlation, a meta-analysis of reported data was conducted, for which we obtained 21 research studies concerning the association between the miR-146a gene polymorphism and digestive tumors. Odds ratio (OR) values and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to assess this association. We found that the miR-146a polymorphism rs2910164 might significantly increase the susceptibility of digestive tumors, in particular for esophageal cancer and colorectal cancers. Furthermore, the miR-146a polymorphism might significantly increase the risk of digestive tumors in Asians. However, no obvious correlation between the polymorphism and the risk for digestive tumors was found in Caucasians.

microRNA and gene networks in human pancreatic cancer

To date, scientists have obtained a substantial amount of knowledge with regard to genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) in pancreatic cancer (PC). However, deciphering the regulatory mechanism of these genes and miRNAs remains difficult. In the present study, three regulatory networks consisting of a differentially-expressed network, a related network and a global network, were constructed in order to identify the mechanisms and certain key miRNA and gene pathways in PC. The interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs, miRNAs and target genes and an miRNA and its host gene were investigated. The present study compared and analyzed the similarities and differences between the three networks in order to distinguish the key pathways. Certain pathways involving the differentially-expressed genes and miRNAs demonstrated specific features. TP53 and hsa-miR-125b were observed to form a self-adaptation association. A further 16 significant differentially-expressed miRNAs were obtained and it was observed that an miRNA and its host gene exhibit specific features in PC, for example, hsa-miR-196a-1 and its host gene, HOXB7, form a self-adaptation association. The differentially-expressed network partially illuminated the mechanism of PC. The present study provides comprehensive data that is associated with PC and may aid future studies in obtaining pertinent data results with regards to PC. In the future, an improved understanding of PC may be obtained through an increased knowledge of the occurrence, mechanism, improvement, metastasis and treatment of the disease.