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Ba DM, Zhang Y, Chinchilli VM, Maranki J. Statins exposure and acute pancreatitis: a retrospective cohort study using a large national insurance database. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e077591. [PMID: 37758671 PMCID: PMC10537853 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association between the use of statins and the incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) has yielded inconsistent findings. While statins have been implicated as an aetiology for drug-induced pancreatitis, more recent studies have found statin use is associated with a reduced risk of pancreatitis. We sought to examine the association between the use of any statin medications and the risk of AP using large real-world data. DESIGN All data were collected retrospectively, but individuals were prospectively followed forward in time to determine the outcome of interest using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification codes indicating a diagnosis of AP. A stratified Cox proportional hazards regression model was conducted to examine the association of statins use with AP. SETTINGS Merative MarketScan claims database 2017-2020. PARTICIPANTS Individuals who filled any statin prescriptions with at least 80% proportion of days covered between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2017 and were continuously enrolled in the database from 2016 to 2020. We also identified non-users of statins and constructed multiple strata of individuals based on the 14 confounders of interest. RESULTS Among 1 695 914 individuals, 226 314 had filled their statins prescription during the study period. Unadjusted incidence rates of AP generally showed higher rates among statins users. The unadjusted incidence rate and 95% CI per 1000 person-years of follow-up was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.61 to 0.66) for non-statin users, versus 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86 to 0.98) for statins users. However, a stratified Cox proportional hazards regression analysis yielded a HR of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84 to 1.01) for statins users, indicating no difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS In this large real-world analysis, use of statins was not associated with a higher risk of AP in this US healthcare setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djibril M Ba
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vernon M Chinchilli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer Maranki
- Department of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Palomera-Tejeda E, Shah MP, Attar BM, Shah H, Sharma B, Oleas R, Kotwal V, Gandhi S, Mutneja HR. Pharmacological and Endoscopic Interventions for Prophylaxis of Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis. Gastroenterology Res 2023; 16:149-156. [PMID: 37351082 PMCID: PMC10284647 DOI: 10.14740/gr1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) represents the most common serious complication after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and pancreatic duct stenting (PDS) are the prophylactic interventions with more evidence and efficacy; however, PEP still represents a significant source of morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Chronic statin use has been proposed as a prophylactic method that could be cheap and relatively safe. However, the evidence is conflicting. We aimed to evaluate the impact of endoscopic and pharmacological interventions including chronic statin and aspirin use, on the development of PEP. Methods A retrospective cohort study evaluated consecutive patients undergoing ERCP at John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County in Chicago from January 2015 to March 2018. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression. Results A total of 681 ERCPs were included in the study. Twelve (1.76%) developed PEP. Univariate, multivariate, and subgroup analyses did not show any association between chronic statin or aspirin use and PEP. PDS and rectal indomethacin were protective in patients undergoing pancreatic duct injection. Pancreatic duct injection, female sex, and younger age were associated with a higher risk. History of papillotomy was associated with lower risk only in the univariate analysis (all P values < 0.05). Conclusion Chronic use of statins and aspirin appears to add no additional benefit to prevent ERCP pancreatitis. Rectal NSAIDs, and PDS after appropriate patient selection continue to be the main prophylactic measures. The lower incidence at our center compared with the reported data can be explained by the high rates of rectal indomethacin and PDS, the use of noninvasive diagnostic modalities for patient selection, and the expertise of the endoscopists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihir Prakash Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bashar M. Attar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hassam Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bharosa Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Roberto Oleas
- Department of Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vikram Kotwal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Seema Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hemant Raj Mutneja
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Facciorusso A, Crinò SF, Tacelli M, Antonini F, Fantin A, Barresi L. Chronic use of statins and risk of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 15:195-202. [PMID: 32993442 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2021.1829471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence on the role of chronic statin therapy in the prevention of acute pancreatitis after ERCP. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of statins in the prophylaxis of post-ERCP pancreatitis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Bibliographic search was performed through May 2020. The primary outcome was post-ERCP pancreatitis rate. An additional endpoint was the rate of severe pancreatitis. RESULTS Nine studies, of which 1 prospective and 8 retrospective series, with 9374 patients were included. Baseline clinical and technical features were well balanced between the two study groups. Overall, pooled rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis was 4.8% (3.2%-6.4%) in the statin group and 7.1% (5.9%-8.3%) in the control group, with no difference in terms of pancreatitis rate (odds ratio 0.66, 95% confidence interval 0.43-1.02). This finding was confirmed in the multivariate analysis adjusted for several clinical and technical characteristics (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 0.40-1.15). No difference was observed between the two study groups in terms of severe pancreatitis rate (odds ratio 1.07, 0.61-1.89). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis seems to suggest the non-superiority of chronic statin therapy in preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Facciorusso
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Gastroenterology, University of Foggia , Foggia, Italy
| | - Stefano Francesco Crinò
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, the Pancreas Institute, University Hospital of Verona , Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Tacelli
- Pancreato-biliary Endoscopy and EUS Division, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCS , Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Antonini
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Augusto Murri Hospital , Fermo, Italy
| | - Alberto Fantin
- Gastroenterology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS , Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Barresi
- Endoscopy Service, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione , Palermo, Italy
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