Material properties on enamel and fissure of surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer filler-containing dental sealant

Multiple-Ion Releasing Bioactive Surface Pre-Reacted Glass-Ionomer (S-PRG) Filler: Innovative Technology for Dental Treatment and Care

Surface Pre-Reacted Glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler, which releases strontium (Sr²⁺), borate (BO₃^3-), fluoride (F^-), sodium (Na⁺), silicate (SiO₃^2-), and aluminum (Al³⁺) ions at high concentrations, is a unique glass filler that are utilized in dentistry. Because of its multiple-ion releasing characteristics, S-PRG filler exhibits several bioactivities such as tooth strengthening, acid neutralization, promotion of mineralization, inhibition of bacteria and fungi, inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, and enhancement of cell activity. Therefore, S-PRG filler per se and S-PRG filler-containing materials have the potential to be beneficial for various dental treatments and care. Those include restorative treatment, caries prevention/management, vital pulp therapy, endodontic treatment, prevention/treatment of periodontal disease, prevention of denture stomatitis, and perforation repair/root end filling. This review summarizes bioactive functions exhibited by S-PRG filler and its possible contribution to oral health.

Combination of ions promotes cell migration via extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway in human gingival fibroblasts

Wound healing is a dynamic process that involves highly coordinated cellular events, including proliferation and migration. Oral gingival fibroblasts serve a central role in maintaining oral mucosa homeostasis, and their functions include the coordination of physiological tissue repair. Recently, surface pre‑reacted glass‑ionomer (S‑PRG) fillers have been widely applied in the field of dental materials for the prevention of dental caries, due to an excellent ability to release fluoride (F). In addition to F, S‑PRG fillers are known to release several types of ions, including aluminum (Al), boron (B), sodium (Na), silicon (Si) and strontium (Sr). However, the influence of these ions on gingival fibroblasts remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of various concentrations of an S‑PRG filler eluate on the growth and migration of gingival fibroblasts. The human gingival fibroblast cell line HGF‑1 was treated with various dilutions of an eluent solution of S‑PRG, which contained 32.0 ppm Al, 1,488.6 ppm B, 505.0 ppm Na, 12.9 ppm Si, 156.5 ppm Sr and 136.5 ppm F. Treatment with eluate at a dilution of 1:10,000 was observed to significantly promote the migration of HGF‑1 cells. In addition, the current study evaluated the mechanism underlying the mediated cell migration by the S‑PRG solution and revealed that it activated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), but not of p38. Furthermore, treatment with a MEK inhibitor blocked the cell migration induced by the solution. Taken together, these results suggest that S‑PRG fillers can stimulate HGF‑1 cell migration via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, indicating that a dental material containing this type of filler is useful for oral mucosa homeostasis and wound healing.