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Nyman J, Guo N, Sandström A, Hallberg M, Nyberg F, Yu L. The amino-terminal heptapeptide of the algesic substance P provides analgesic effect in relieving chronic neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 892:173820. [PMID: 33345847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Of painful conditions, somatic pain of acute nociceptive origin can be effectively managed clinically, while neuropathic pain of chronic neuropathy origin is difficult to control. For molecules involved in pain sensation, substance P (SP) is algesic, exacerbating painful sensation, while its amino-terminal fragment, heptapeptide SP(1-7), confers biological activities different from its full-length parent neuropeptide precursor. We previously demonstrated SP(1-7) interaction with pain processing to alleviate chronic pain. Here we evaluated SP(1-7) and its C-terminal amidated analogue SP(1-7)amide, together with SP and opioid agonist DAMGO. We tested mouse behaviors of both acute somatic pain in tail-flick latency assay, and neuropathic pain in sciatic nerve injury model of chronic constriction injury (CCI). DAMGO produced dose-dependent analgesia for somatic pain as expected, so did both SP(1-7) and its analogue SP(1-7)amide, while SP yielded the opposite effect of algesia, in a phenomenon we termed 'contrintus', meaning 'opposite from within' to denote that two peptides of the same origin (SP and its metabolic fragment SP(1-7)) produced opposite effects. In CCI model, DAMGO showed a general reduction in allodynia sensitivity for both nerve-injured and normal paws, without selective effect for neuropathic pain, consistent with clinical observation that opioids are less effective for chronic neuropathic pain. On the other hand, both SP(1-7) and SP(1-7)amide displayed dose-dependent anti-allodynia effect that is selective for neuropathic pain. These findings suggest that SP(1-7) and its analogue may be useful for developing pharmaceuticals to treat neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nyman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591, S-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ning Guo
- Department of Genetics, and Center of Alcohol & Substance Use Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8001, USA
| | - Anja Sandström
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 574, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Hallberg
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591, S-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fred Nyberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591, S-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Genetics, and Center of Alcohol & Substance Use Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8001, USA.
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Skogh A, Lesniak A, Sköld C, Karlgren M, Gaugaz FZ, Svensson R, Diwakarla S, Jonsson A, Fransson R, Nyberg F, Hallberg M, Sandström A. An imidazole based H-Phe-Phe-NH 2 peptidomimetic with anti-allodynic effect in spared nerve injury mice. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2446-2450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Skogh A, Lesniak A, Gaugaz FZ, Svensson R, Lindeberg G, Fransson R, Nyberg F, Hallberg M, Sandström A. Importance of N- and C-terminal residues of substance P 1-7 for alleviating allodynia in mice after peripheral administration. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:345-351. [PMID: 28587787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The heptapeptide SP1-7 (1, Arg1-Pro2-Lys3-Pro4-Gln5-Gln6-Phe7) is the major bioactive metabolite formed after proteolytic processing of the neuropeptide substance P (SP, Arg1-Pro2-Lys3-Pro4-Gln5-Gln6-Phe7-Phe8-Gly9-Leu10-Met11-NH2). The heptapeptide 1 frequently exhibits opposite effects to those induced by SP, such as exerting antinociception, or attenuating thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia. The heptapeptide SP1-7 amide (2, Arg1-Pro2-Lys3-Pro4-Gln5-Gln6-Phe7-NH2) is often more efficacious than 1 in experimental pain models. We have now assessed the anti-allodynic outcome after systemic administration of 2 and a series of Ala-substituted and truncated analogues of 2, in the spared nerve injury (SNI) mice model and the results obtained were correlated with in vitro plasma stability and permeability measurements. It is herein demonstrated that an intact Arg1 in SP1-7 amide analogues is fundamental for retaining a potent in vivo effect, while Lys3 of 2 is less important. A displacement with Ala1 or truncation rendered the peptide analogues either inactive or with a significantly attenuated in vivo activity. Thus, the pentapeptide SP3-7 amide (7, t1/2=11.1 min) proven to be the major metabolite of 2, demonstrated an in vivo effect itself although considerably less significant than 2 in the SNI model. Intraperitoneal administration of 2 in a low dose furnished the most powerful anti-allodynic effect in the SNI model of all the analogous evaluated, despite a fast proteolysis of 2 in plasma (t1/2=6.4 min). It is concluded that not only the C-terminal residue, that we previously demonstrated, but also the N-terminal with its basic side chain, are important for achieving effective pain relief. This information is of value for the further design process aimed at identifying more drug-like SP1-7 amide related peptidomimetics with pronounced anti-allodynic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skogh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Lesniak
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Bioscience, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fabienne Z Gaugaz
- Uppsala Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform (UDOPP), Science for Life Laboratory Drug Discovery and Development Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Richard Svensson
- Uppsala Drug Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform (UDOPP), Science for Life Laboratory Drug Discovery and Development Platform, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Lindeberg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Fransson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fred Nyberg
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Bioscience, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Hallberg
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Bioscience, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anja Sandström
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Hallberg M. Neuropeptides: metabolism to bioactive fragments and the pharmacology of their receptors. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:464-519. [PMID: 24894913 DOI: 10.1002/med.21323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
The proteolytic processing of neuropeptides has an important regulatory function and the peptide fragments resulting from the enzymatic degradation often exert essential physiological roles. The proteolytic processing generates, not only biologically inactive fragments, but also bioactive fragments that modulate or even counteract the response of their parent peptides. Frequently, these peptide fragments interact with receptors that are not recognized by the parent peptides. This review discusses tachykinins, opioid peptides, angiotensins, bradykinins, and neuropeptide Y that are present in the central nervous system and their processing to bioactive degradation products. These well-known neuropeptide systems have been selected since they provide illustrative examples that proteolytic degradation of parent peptides can lead to bioactive metabolites with different biological activities as compared to their parent peptides. For example, substance P, dynorphin A, angiotensin I and II, bradykinin, and neuropeptide Y are all degraded to bioactive fragments with pharmacological profiles that differ considerably from those of the parent peptides. The review discusses a selection of the large number of drug-like molecules that act as agonists or antagonists at receptors of neuropeptides. It focuses in particular on the efforts to identify selective drug-like agonists and antagonists mimicking the effects of the endogenous peptide fragments formed. As exemplified in this review, many common neuropeptides are degraded to a variety of smaller fragments but many of the fragments generated have not yet been examined in detail with regard to their potential biological activities. Since these bioactive fragments contain a small number of amino acid residues, they provide an ideal starting point for the development of drug-like substances with ability to mimic the effects of the degradation products. Thus, these substances could provide a rich source of new pharmaceuticals. However, as discussed herein relatively few examples have so far been disclosed of successful attempts to create bioavailable, drug-like agonists or antagonists, starting from the structure of endogenous peptide fragments and applying procedures relying on stepwise manipulations and simplifications of the peptide structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Hallberg
- Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Biological Research on Drug Dependence, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden
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Jayaraman A, Lent-Schochet D, Pike CJ. Diet-induced obesity and low testosterone increase neuroinflammation and impair neural function. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:162. [PMID: 25224590 PMCID: PMC4190446 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-014-0162-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low testosterone and obesity are independent risk factors for dysfunction of the nervous system including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we investigate the independent and cooperative interactions of testosterone and diet-induced obesity on metabolic, inflammatory, and neural health indices in the central and peripheral nervous systems. METHODS Male C57B6/J mice were maintained on normal or high-fat diet under varying testosterone conditions for a four-month treatment period, after which metabolic indices were measured and RNA isolated from cerebral cortex and sciatic nerve. Cortices were used to generate mixed glial cultures, upon which embryonic cerebrocortical neurons were co-cultured for assessment of neuron survival and neurite outgrowth. Peripheral nerve damage was determined using paw-withdrawal assay, myelin sheath protein expression levels, and Na+,K+-ATPase activity levels. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that detrimental effects on both metabolic (blood glucose, insulin sensitivity) and proinflammatory (cytokine expression) responses caused by diet-induced obesity are exacerbated by testosterone depletion. Mixed glial cultures generated from obese mice retain elevated cytokine expression, although low testosterone effects do not persist ex vivo. Primary neurons co-cultured with glial cultures generated from high-fat fed animals exhibit reduced survival and poorer neurite outgrowth. In addition, low testosterone and diet-induced obesity combine to increase inflammation and evidence of nerve damage in the peripheral nervous system. CONCLUSIONS Testosterone and diet-induced obesity independently and cooperatively regulate neuroinflammation in central and peripheral nervous systems, which may contribute to observed impairments in neural health. Together, our findings suggest that low testosterone and obesity are interactive regulators of neuroinflammation that, in combination with adipose-derived inflammatory pathways and other factors, increase the risk of downstream disorders including type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christian J Pike
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles 90089, CA, USA.
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Carlsson-Jonsson A, Gao T, Hao JX, Fransson R, Sandström A, Nyberg F, Wiesenfeld-Hallin Z, Xu XJ. N-terminal truncations of substance P1–7 amide affect its action on spinal cord injury-induced mechanical allodynia in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 738:319-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Naono-Nakayama R, Ikeda T, Matsushima O, Sameshima H, Takamiya K, Funahashi H, Nishimori T. An amino-terminal fragment of hemokinin-1 has an inhibitory effect on pruritic processing in rats. Neuroscience 2014; 259:172-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zamanillo D, Romero L, Merlos M, Vela JM. Sigma 1 receptor: a new therapeutic target for pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 716:78-93. [PMID: 23500210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Sigma 1 receptor (σ₁ receptor) is a unique ligand-regulated molecular chaperone located mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane. σ₁ receptor is activated under stress or pathological conditions and interacts with several neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels to modulate their function. The effects reported preclinically with σ₁ receptor ligands are consistent with a role for σ₁ receptor in central sensitization and pain hypersensitivity and suggest a potential therapeutic use of σ₁ receptor antagonists for the management of neuropathic pain as monotherapy. Moreover, data support their use in opioid adjuvant therapy: combination of σ₁ receptor antagonists and opioids results in potentiation of opioid analgesia, without significant increases in opioid-related unwanted effects. Results from clinical trials using selective σ₁ receptor antagonists in several pain conditions are eagerly awaited to ascertain the potential of σ₁ receptor modulation in pain therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zamanillo
- Esteve, Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development. Parc Científic de Barcelona. Carrer Baldiri Reixac, 4-8. 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Fransson R, Sköld C, Kratz JM, Svensson R, Artursson P, Nyberg F, Hallberg M, Sandström A. Constrained H-Phe-Phe-NH2 Analogues with High Affinity to the Substance P 1–7 Binding Site and with Improved Metabolic Stability and Cell Permeability. J Med Chem 2013; 56:4953-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jm400209h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Fransson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian Sköld
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jadel M. Kratz
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Programa de Pós-Graduação
em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento
de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88.040-900, Florianópolis,
SC, Brazil
| | - Richard Svensson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- The Uppsala
University Drug
Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform (UDOPP), Chemical
Biology Consortium Sweden (CBCS), Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Artursson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- The Uppsala
University Drug
Optimization and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform (UDOPP), Chemical
Biology Consortium Sweden (CBCS), Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fred Nyberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Hallberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anja Sandström
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-fourth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2011 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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Ohsawa M, Carlsson A, Asato M, Koizumi T, Nakanishi Y, Fransson R, Sandström A, Hallberg M, Nyberg F, Kamei J. The dipeptide Phe-Phe amide attenuates signs of hyperalgesia, allodynia and nociception in diabetic mice using a mechanism involving the sigma receptor system. Mol Pain 2011; 7:85. [PMID: 22040520 PMCID: PMC3225307 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-7-85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have demonstrated that intrathecal administration of the substance P amino-terminal metabolite substance P1-7 (SP1-7) and its C-terminal amidated congener induced antihyperalgesic effects in diabetic mice. In this study, we studied a small synthetic dipeptide related to SP1-7 and endomorphin-2, i.e. Phe-Phe amide, using the tail-flick test and von Frey filament test in diabetic and non-diabetic mice. Results Intrathecal treatment with the dipeptide increased the tail-flick latency in both diabetic and non-diabetic mice. This effect of Phe-Phe amide was significantly greater in diabetic mice than non-diabetic mice. The Phe-Phe amide-induced antinociceptive effect in both diabetic and non-diabetic mice was reversed by the σ1 receptor agonist (+)-pentazocine. Moreover, Phe-Phe amide attenuated mechanical allodynia in diabetic mice, which was reversible by (+)-pentazocine. The expression of spinal σ1 receptor mRNA and protein did not differ between diabetic mice and non-diabetic mice. On the other hand, the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 proteins was enhanced in diabetic mice. (+)-Pentazocine caused phosphorylation of ERK1 and ERK2 proteins in non-diabetic mice, but not in diabetic mice. Conclusions These results suggest that the spinal σ1 receptor system might contribute to diabetic mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, which could be potently attenuated by Phe-Phe amide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ohsawa
- Department of Pathophysiology & Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 4-41, Ebara 2-chome, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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