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Ha CM, Kim DH, Lee TH, Kim HR, Choi J, Kim Y, Kang D, Park JW, Ojeda SR, Jeong JK, Lee BJ. Transcriptional Regulatory Role of NELL2 in Preproenkephalin Gene Expression. Mol Cells 2022; 45:537-549. [PMID: 35950455 PMCID: PMC9385569 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.2051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Preproenkephalin (PPE) is a precursor molecule for multiple endogenous opioid peptides Leu-enkephalin (ENK) and Met-ENK, which are involved in a wide variety of modulatory functions in the nervous system. Despite the functional importance of ENK in the brain, the effect of brain-derived factor(s) on PPE expression is unknown. We report the dual effect of neural epidermal growth factor (EGF)-likelike 2 (NELL2) on PPE gene expression. In cultured NIH3T3 cells, transfection of NELL2 expression vectors induced an inhibition of PPE transcription intracellularly, in parallel with downregulation of protein kinase C signaling pathways and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Interestingly, these phenomena were reversed when synthetic NELL2 was administered extracellularly. The in vivo disruption of NELL2 synthesis resulted in an increase in PPE mRNA level in the rat brain, suggesting that the inhibitory action of intracellular NELL2 predominates the activation effect of extracellular NELL2 on PPE gene expression in the brain. Biochemical and molecular studies with mutant NELL2 structures further demonstrated the critical role of EGF-like repeat domains in NELL2 for regulation of PPE transcription. These are the first results to reveal the spatio-specific role of NELL2 in the homeostatic regulation of PPE gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Man Ha
- Brain Research Core Facilities and Global Relation Center of Research Strategy Office, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, Korea
| | - Dong Hee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Han Rae Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Jungil Choi
- Bioenvironmental Science & Technology Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 52834, Korea
| | - Yoonju Kim
- Brain Research Core Facilities and Global Relation Center of Research Strategy Office, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, Korea
| | - Dasol Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
| | - Sergio R. Ojeda
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center/Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jin Kwon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Byung Ju Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
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Díaz-Rúa A, Chivite M, Comesaña S, Conde-Sieira M, Soengas JL. The Opioid System in Rainbow Trout Telencephalon Is Probably Involved in the Hedonic Regulation of Food Intake. Front Physiol 2022; 13:800218. [PMID: 35299666 PMCID: PMC8921556 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.800218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesize that opioids are involved in the regulation of food intake in fish through homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms. Therefore, we evaluated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hypothalamus and telencephalon changes in precursors, endogenous ligands and receptors of the opioid system under different situations aimed to induce changes in the homeostatic (through fasted/fed/refed fish) and hedonic (through feeding fish a control or a palatable high-fat diet) regulation of food intake. No major changes occurred in parameters assessed related with the nutritional condition of fish (fasted/fed/refed), allowing us to suggest that the opioid system seems not to have an important role in the homeostatic regulation of food intake in rainbow trout. The responses observed in telencephalon of rainbow trout fed the palatable high-fat diet included a decrease in mRNA abundance of the opioid precursor penka, in a way similar to that known in mammals, and increased mRNA abundance of the opioid receptors oprd1 and oprk1 supporting a role for telencephalic opioid system in the hedonic regulation of food intake in fish.
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Malafoglia V, Ilari S, Vitiello L, Tenti M, Balzani E, Muscoli C, Raffaeli W, Bonci A. The Interplay between Chronic Pain, Opioids, and the Immune System. Neuroscientist 2021; 28:613-627. [PMID: 34269117 DOI: 10.1177/10738584211030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain represents one of the most serious worldwide medical problems, in terms of both social and economic costs, often causing severe and intractable physical and psychological suffering. The lack of biological markers for pain, which could assist in forming clearer diagnoses and prognoses, makes chronic pain therapy particularly arduous and sometimes harmful. Opioids are used worldwide to treat chronic pain conditions, but there is still an ambiguous and inadequate understanding about their therapeutic use, mostly because of their dual effect in acutely reducing pain and inducing, at the same time, tolerance, dependence, and a risk for opioid use disorder. In addition, clinical studies suggest that opioid treatment can be associated with a high risk of immune suppression and the development of inflammatory events, worsening the chronic pain status itself. While opioid peptides and receptors are expressed in both central and peripheral nervous cells, immune cells, and tissues, the role of opioids and their receptors, when and why they are activated endogenously and what their exact role is in chronic pain pathways is still poorly understood. Thus, in this review we aim to highlight the interplay between pain and immune system, focusing on opioids and their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Ilari
- Department of Health Science Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Michael Tenti
- Institute for Research on Pain, ISAL Foundation, Rimini, Italy
| | - Eleonora Balzani
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Department of Health Science Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Budka J, Kowalski S, Chylinska M, Dzierzbicka K, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Opioid Growth Factor and its Derivatives as Potential Non-toxic Multifunctional Anticancer and Analgesic Compounds. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:673-686. [PMID: 32129162 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200304122406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant research progress on the pathogenesis, molecular biology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer, its morbidity and mortality are still high around the world. The emerging resistance of cancer cells to anticancer drugs remains still a significant problem in oncology today. Furthermore, an important challenge is the inability of anticancer drugs to selectively target tumor cells thus sparing healthy cells. One of the new potential options for efficient and safe therapy can be provided by opioid growth factor (OGF), chemically termed Met-enkephalin. It is an endogenous pentapeptide (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met) with antitumor, analgesic, and immune-boosting properties. Clinical trials have demonstrated that OGF therapy alone, as well as in combination with standard chemotherapies, is a safe, non-toxic anticancer agent that reduces tumor size. In this paper, we review the structure-activity relationship of OGF and its analogues. We highlight also OGF derivatives with analgesic, immunomodulatory activity and the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and may be used as safe agents enhancing chemotherapy efficacy and improving quality of life in cancer patients. The reviewed papers indicate that Met-enkephalin and its analogues are interesting candidates for the development of novel, non-toxic, and endowed with an analgesic activity anticancer drugs. More preclinical and clinical studies are needed to explore these opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Budka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Szymon Kowalski
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Chylinska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krystyna Dzierzbicka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
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The Protective Effects of Water Extracts of Compound Turmeric Recipe on Acute Alcoholism: An Experimental Research Using a Mouse Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6641919. [PMID: 33519945 PMCID: PMC7817264 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6641919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute alcoholism (AAI) is a common emergency. Currently, there is a lack of preventive and therapeutic drugs with superior safety and efficacy. Curcuma longa, Panax ginseng, Pueraria lobata, Pueraria flower, and Hovenia dulcis Thunb., which are the components of compound turmeric recipe (CTR), are, respectively, used in China as adjuvant therapeutic agents for AAI and alcoholic liver injury, respectively. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of traditional compound turmeric recipe in anti-inebriation treatment and to identify its underlying mechanisms. The mice were administered with CTR mixture, and ethanol was subsequently given to mice by gavage. The effects of CTR on the righting reflex, 24-hour survival, drunken behavior, blood ethanol concentration, and pathological changes of liver are depicted. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected. Besides, the activities of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), cytochrome P450 (P450), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver and the levels of β-endorphin (β-EP) and leucine enkephalin (LENK) in the brain were also measured. Our results demonstrated that CTR can increase the activities of ADH, ALDH, P450, and SOD and decrease the contents of TNF-α, IL-8, and MDA in the liver. In addition, it can decrease the activities of ALT, AST, and ALP in serum and β-EP and LENK activities in the brain. CTR showed effects on prevention of acute alcoholism, promoting wakefulness, and alleviating alcoholic liver injury, which were likely mediated by the above mechanisms.
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Xue L, Sun J, Zhu J, Ding Y, Chen S, Ding M, Pei H. The patterns of exercise-induced β-endorphin expression in the central nervous system of rats. Neuropeptides 2020; 82:102048. [PMID: 32446530 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exercise at different intensities is able to induce different physical and psychological statuses of the subjects. The β-endorphin (β-EP) in central nervous system is thought to play an important role in physical exercise. However, its expression patterns and physiological effects in the central nuclei under different exercise states are not well understood. Five-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups of 21 each: Control and Exercise. Control rats were sedentary while Exercise rats were arranged to run on a treadmill (5-week adapting or moderate exercise and 2-week high-intensity exercise). Seven rats were taken from each group at day33, day42 and day49 for examination of blood biochemical parameters (lactate, Lac; blood urea nitrogen, BUN; glucose) and for detection of nuclei β-EP level with immunohistochemistry. The results showed that Lac and BUN levels were significant increased after the high intensity exercise. The five-week exercise caused a significantly increased β-EP in caudate putamen (CPu), amygdala, paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT), ventromedial hypothalamus nucleus (VMH) and gigantocellular reticular nucleus (Gi). The high intensity exercise induced an elevated β-EP in CPu and nucleus of the solitary tract (Sol), but a decreased β-EP in globus pallidus (GP). Compared with Control, exercise rats showed an elevated β-EP in CPu, PVT, VMH, accumbens nucleus, Gi and Sol, and a decreased β-EP in GP at day49. The β-EP levels in acurate nucleus, periadueductal gray and parabrachial nucleus were not changed at day33, 42 and 49. In conclusion, β-EP levels in different nuclei changed under the moderate and high intensity exercises, which may contribute to modifying exercise-produced psychological and physiological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xue
- Physical Education Department, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jinrui Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jiandi Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yi Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shuhuai Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Mingxing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hong Pei
- Physical Education Department, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Bu G, Cui L, Lv C, Lin D, Huang L, Li Z, Li J, Zeng X, Wang Y. Opioid Peptides and Their Receptors in Chickens: Structure, Functionality, and Tissue Distribution. Peptides 2020; 128:170307. [PMID: 32217145 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Opioid peptides, derived from PENK, POMC, PDYN and PNOC precursors, together with their receptors (DOR, MOR, KOR and ORL1), constitute the opioid system and are suggested to participate in multiple physiological/pathological processes in vertebrates. However, the question whether an opioid system exists and functions in non-mammalian vertebrates including birds remains largely unknown. Here, we cloned genes encoding opioid system from the chicken brain and examined their functionality and tissue expression. As in mammals, 6 opioid peptides encoded by PENK (Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin), POMC (β-endorphin), PDYN (dynorphin-A and dynorphin-B) and PNOC (nociceptin) precursors and four opioid receptors were found to be highly conserved in chickens. Using pGL3-CRE-luciferase and pGL4-SRE-luciferase reporter systems, we demonstrated that chicken opioid receptors (cDOR, cMOR, cKOR and cORL1) expressed in CHO cells, could be differentially activated by chicken opioid peptides, and resulted in the inhibition of cAMP/PKA and activation of MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. cDOR is potently activated by Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin, and cKOR is potently activated by dynorphin-A, dynorphin-B and nociceptin, whereas cORL1 is specifically activated by nociceptin. Unlike cDOR, cKOR and cORL1, cMOR is moderately/weakly activated by enkephalins and other opioid peptides. These findings suggest the ligand-receptor pair in chicken opioid system is similar, but not identical to, that in mammals. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the opioid system is mainly expressed in chicken central nervous system including the hypothalamus. Collectively, our data will help to facilitate the better understanding of the conserved roles of opioid system across vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Bu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Lin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Can Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Dongliang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Long Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Zhengyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China
| | - Xianyin Zeng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China.
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China.
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Neasta J, Darcq E, Jeanblanc J, Carnicella S, Ben Hamida S. GPCR and Alcohol-Related Behaviors in Genetically Modified Mice. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:17-42. [PMID: 31919661 PMCID: PMC7007453 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00828-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest class of cell surface signaling receptors and regulate major neurobiological processes. Accordingly, GPCRs represent primary targets for the treatment of brain disorders. Several human genetic polymorphisms affecting GPCRs have been associated to different components of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Moreover, GPCRs have been reported to contribute to several features of alcohol-related behaviors in animal models. Besides traditional pharmacological tools, genetic-based approaches mostly aimed at deleting GPCR genes provided substantial information on how key GPCRs drive alcohol-related behaviors. In this review, we summarize the alcohol phenotypes that ensue from genetic manipulation, in particular gene deletion, of key GPCRs in rodents. We focused on GPCRs that belong to fundamental neuronal systems that have been shown as potential targets for the development of AUD treatment. Data are reviewed with particular emphasis on alcohol reward, seeking, and consumption which are behaviors that capture essential aspects of AUD. Literature survey indicates that in most cases, there is still a gap in defining the intracellular transducers and the functional crosstalk of GPCRs as well as the neuronal populations in which their signaling regulates alcohol actions. Further, the implication of only a few orphan GPCRs has been so far investigated in animal models. Combining advanced pharmacological technologies with more specific genetically modified animals and behavioral preclinical models is likely necessary to deepen our understanding in how GPCR signaling contributes to AUD and for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Neasta
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, University of Montpellier, 34093, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuel Darcq
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montreal, Quebec, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Jérôme Jeanblanc
- Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences-INSERM U1247, University of Picardie Jules Verne, 80025, Amiens, France
| | - Sebastien Carnicella
- INSERM U1216, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), University of Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sami Ben Hamida
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montreal, Quebec, H4H 1R3, Canada.
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Hippocampal µ-opioid receptors on GABAergic neurons mediate stress-induced impairment of memory retrieval. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:977-992. [PMID: 31142818 PMCID: PMC7192851 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Stressful life events induce abnormalities in emotional and cognitive behaviour. The endogenous opioid system plays an essential role in stress adaptation and coping strategies. In particular, the µ-opioid receptor (μR), one of the major opioid receptors, strongly influences memory processing in that alterations in μR signalling are associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders. However, it remains unclear whether μR signalling contributes to memory impairments induced by acute stress. Here, we utilized pharmacological methods and cell-type-selective/non-cell-type-selective μR depletion approaches combined with behavioural tests, biochemical analyses, and in vitro electrophysiological recordings to investigate the role of hippocampal μR signalling in memory-retrieval impairment induced by acute elevated platform (EP) stress in mice. Biochemical and molecular analyses revealed that hippocampal μRs were significantly activated during acute stress. Blockage of hippocampal μRs, non-selective deletion of μRs or selective deletion of μRs on GABAergic neurons (μRGABA) reversed EP-stress-induced impairment of memory retrieval, with no effect on the elevation of serum corticosterone after stress. Electrophysiological results demonstrated that stress depressed hippocampal GABAergic synaptic transmission to CA1 pyramidal neurons, thereby leading to excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalance in a μRGABA-dependent manner. Pharmaceutically enhancing hippocampal GABAA receptor-mediated inhibitory currents in stressed mice restored their memory retrieval, whereas inhibiting those currents in the unstressed mice mimicked the stress-induced impairment of memory retrieval. Our findings reveal a novel pathway in which endogenous opioids recruited by acute stress predominantly activate μRGABA to depress GABAergic inhibitory effects on CA1 pyramidal neurons, which subsequently alters the E/I balance in the hippocampus and results in impairment of memory retrieval.
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Kibaly C, Xu C, Cahill CM, Evans CJ, Law PY. Non-nociceptive roles of opioids in the CNS: opioids' effects on neurogenesis, learning, memory and affect. Nat Rev Neurosci 2019; 20:5-18. [PMID: 30518959 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-018-0092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mortality due to opioid use has grown to the point where, for the first time in history, opioid-related deaths exceed those caused by car accidents in many states in the United States. Changes in the prescribing of opioids for pain and the illicit use of fentanyl (and derivatives) have contributed to the current epidemic. Less known is the impact of opioids on hippocampal neurogenesis, the functional manipulation of which may improve the deleterious effects of opioid use. We provide new insights into how the dysregulation of neurogenesis by opioids can modify learning and affect, mood and emotions, processes that have been well accepted to motivate addictive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherkaouia Kibaly
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Shirley and Stefan Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Chi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Catherine M Cahill
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Shirley and Stefan Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher J Evans
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Shirley and Stefan Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ping-Yee Law
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Shirley and Stefan Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Simon MJ, Zafra MA, Puerto A. Differential rewarding effects of electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus and parabrachial complex: Functional characterization and the relevance of opioid systems and dopamine. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:1475-1490. [PMID: 31282233 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119855982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the discovery of rewarding intracranial self-stimulation by Olds and Milner, extensive data have been published on the biological basis of reward. Although participation of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system is well documented, its precise role has not been fully elucidated, and some authors have proposed the involvement of other neural systems in processing specific aspects of reinforced behaviour. AIMS AND METHODS We reviewed published data, including our own findings, on the rewarding effects induced by electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and of the external lateral parabrachial area (LPBe) - a brainstem region involved in processing the rewarding properties of natural and artificial substances - and compared its functional characteristics as observed in operant and non-operant behavioural procedures. RESULTS Brain circuits involved in the induction of preferences for stimuli associated with electrical stimulation of the LBPe appear to functionally and neurochemically differ from those activated by electrical stimulation of the LH. INTERPRETATION We discuss the possible involvement of the LPBe in processing emotional-affective aspects of the brain reward system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Simon
- Department of Psychobiology, Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria A Zafra
- Department of Psychobiology, Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amadeo Puerto
- Department of Psychobiology, Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Abstract
Drug addiction is a worldwide societal problem and public health burden, and results from recreational drug use that develops into a complex brain disorder. The opioid system, one of the first discovered neuropeptide systems in the history of neuroscience, is central to addiction. Recently, opioid receptors have been propelled back on stage by the rising opioid epidemics, revolutions in G protein-coupled receptor research and fascinating developments in basic neuroscience. This Review discusses rapidly advancing research into the role of opioid receptors in addiction, and addresses the key questions of whether we can kill pain without addiction using mu-opioid-receptor-targeting opiates, how mu- and kappa-opioid receptors operate within the neurocircuitry of addiction and whether we can bridge human and animal opioid research in the field of drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Darcq
- Douglas Mental Health Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brigitte Lina Kieffer
- Douglas Mental Health Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. .,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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13
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Liu Y, Hsiao H, Wang JC, Liu Y, Wu S. Effectiveness of nalbuphine, a κ‐opioid receptor agonist and μ‐opioid receptor antagonist, in the inhibition ofINa,IK(M), andIK(erg)unlinked to interaction with opioid receptors. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:846-856. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan‐Yuarn Liu
- Division of Trauma, Department of EmergencyKaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Kaohsiung City Taiwan
| | - Hung‐Tsung Hsiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Jeffery C.‐F. Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Yen‐Chin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan
| | - Sheng‐Nan Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical SciencesNational Cheng Kung University Medical College Tainan City Taiwan
- Department of PhysiologyNational Cheng Kung University Medical College Tainan City Taiwan
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He Z, Patterson TA. A Potential Role for the Existence of Pericytes in the Neurovascular Unit of the Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus of the Rat Preoptic Area to Control Blood-Brain Barrier Function. Curr Neurovasc Res 2019; 16:194-201. [PMID: 31244439 DOI: 10.2174/1567202616666190627120135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed at determining pericytes, a missing component in the previously proposed living neurovascular unit (NVU) of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Calbindin D28K-immunoreactivities (CB28-irs) were used to delineate the SDN-POA in which CD13-immunoreactivities (CD13-irs) or alpha-smooth muscle actinimmunoreactivities (αSMA-irs), two pericyte biomarkers serving the indexes of pericytes, were tagged using two adjacent brain sections (90-micron intervals). In addition, the nestinimmunoreactive (nestin-ir) cells in the SDN-POA were counted as pericytes referring to additional standards: location and nucleic and cellular morphology. Male SDN-POA volume (5.0±0.3x10-3 mm3) was significantly larger than the female (1.7±0.3x10-3 mm3). Within the SDN-POA, the CD13-irs were characterized as dots, densely packed and net-like in distribution, while the αSMAirs, excluding pipe-like or circular structures, appeared as short rod-like structures that were sparsely distributed. RESULTS The immunoreactive counts of alpha-smooth muscle actin were 353±57/mm2 in males and 124±46/mm2 in females (p<0.05). On the other hand, densities of the dot-like CD13-irs were similar between males (4009±301/mm2) and females (4018±414/ mm2). There was no difference between the male and the female in the nestin-ir pericyte count in the SDN-POA. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the present study adds new information concerning pericytes to the living NVU of the SDN-POA. There is a difference of sex in the count of the αSMA-irs in the living NVU of the SDN-POA. However, why such a difference exists warrants further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen He
- Department of Neuroscience, HFT-132, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson AR 72079, United States
| | - Tucker A Patterson
- Office of the Director National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
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15
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Hamidkhaniha S, Bashiri H, Omidi A, Hosseini‐Chegeni A, Tavangar SM, Sabouri S, Montazeri H, Sahebgharani M. Effect of pretreatment with intracerebroventricular injection of minocycline on morphine‐induced memory impairment in passive avoidance test: Role of P‐
CREB
and c‐Fos expression in the dorsal hippocampus and basolateral amygdala regions. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:711-722. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Hamidkhaniha
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hamideh Bashiri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Afzalipour School of Medicine Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Ameneh Omidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences Medical Sciences Faculty Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | | | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Department of Pathology Dr. Shariati Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Salehe Sabouri
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Faculty of Pharmacy Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Hamed Montazeri
- School of Pharmacy‐ International Campus Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mousa Sahebgharani
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Caputi FF, Rullo L, Stamatakos S, Candeletti S, Romualdi P. Interplay between the Endogenous Opioid System and Proteasome Complex: Beyond Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061441. [PMID: 30901925 PMCID: PMC6470665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular signaling mechanisms underlying the opioid system regulation of nociception, neurotransmitters release, stress responses, depression, and the modulation of reward circuitry have been investigated from different points of view. The presence of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in the synaptic terminations suggest a potential role of ubiquitin-dependent mechanisms in the control of the membrane occupancy by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including those belonging to the opioid family. In this review, we focused our attention on the role played by the ubiquitination processes and by UPS in the modulation of opioid receptor signaling and in pathological conditions involving the endogenous opioid system. The collective evidence here reported highlights the potential usefulness of proteasome inhibitors in neuropathic pain, addictive behavior, and analgesia since these molecules can reduce pain behavioral signs, heroin self-administration, and the development of morphine analgesic tolerance. Moreover, the complex mechanisms involved in the effects induced by opioid agonists binding to their receptors include the ubiquitination process as a post-translational modification which plays a relevant role in receptor trafficking and degradation. Hence, UPS modulation may offer novel opportunities to control the balance between therapeutic versus adverse effects evoked by opioid receptor activation, thus, representing a promising druggable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Felicia Caputi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Laura Rullo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Serena Stamatakos
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Sanzio Candeletti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Romualdi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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17
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Torres-Berrio A, Nava-Mesa MO. The opioid system in stress-induced memory disorders: From basic mechanisms to clinical implications in post-traumatic stress disorder and Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 88:327-338. [PMID: 30118823 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive and emotional impairment are a serious consequence of stress exposure and are core features of neurological and psychiatric conditions that involve memory disorders. Indeed, acute and chronic stress are high-risk factors for the onset of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), two devastating brain disorders associated with memory dysfunction. Besides the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, stress response also involves the activation of the opioid system in brain regions associated with stress regulation and memory processing. In this context, it is possible that stress-induced memory disorders may be attributed to alterations in the interaction between the neuroendocrine stress system and the opioid system. In this review, we: (1) describe the effects of acute and chronic stress on memory, and the modulatory role of the opioid system, (2) discuss the contribution of the opioid system to the pathophysiology of PTSD and AD, and (3) present evidence of current and potential therapies that target the opioid receptors to treat PTSD- and AD-associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauricio O Nava-Mesa
- Neuroscience Research Group (NEUROS), School of Medicine, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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18
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Al Massadi O, Nogueiras R, Dieguez C, Girault JA. Ghrelin and food reward. Neuropharmacology 2019; 148:131-138. [PMID: 30615902 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Food intake is tightly regulated by homeostatic and reward mechanisms and the adequate function of both is necessary for the proper maintenance of energy balance. Ghrelin impacts on these two levels to induce feeding. In this review, we present the actions of ghrelin in food reward, including their dependence on other relevant modulators implicated in the motivational aspects of feeding, including dopamine, opioid peptides, and endocannabinoids. We also describe the interaction between brain areas involved in homeostatic regulation of feeding and the reward system, with a special emphasis on the role of arcuate nucleus melanocortins and lateral hypothalamus orexins in ghrelin function. Finally, we briefly discuss the actions of ghrelin in food reward in obesity. We propose that new insights into the mechanism of action of ghrelin in the rewarding and motivational control of food intake will help to understand food-related disorders including obesity and anorexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Al Massadi
- Inserm UMR-S 839, 75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Sciences and Engineering Faculty, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer a Moulin, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706, Spain
| | - Carlos Dieguez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 15706, Spain
| | - Jean-Antoine Girault
- Inserm UMR-S 839, 75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Sciences and Engineering Faculty, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer a Moulin, 75005, Paris, France
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Marshansky S, Mayer P, Rizzo D, Baltzan M, Denis R, Lavigne GJ. Sleep, chronic pain, and opioid risk for apnea. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 87:234-244. [PMID: 28734941 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pain is an unwelcome sleep partner. Pain tends to erode sleep quality and alter the sleep restorative process in vulnerable patients. It can contribute to next-day sleepiness and fatigue, affecting cognitive function. Chronic pain and the use of opioid medications can also complicate the management of sleep disorders such as insomnia (difficulty falling and/or staying asleep) and sleep-disordered breathing (sleep apnea). Sleep problems can be related to various types of pain, including sleep headache (hypnic headache, cluster headache, migraine) and morning headache (transient tension type secondary to sleep apnea or to sleep bruxism or tooth grinding) as well as periodic limb movements (leg and arm dysesthesia with pain). Pain and sleep management strategies should be personalized to reflect the patient's history and ongoing complaints. Understanding the pain-sleep interaction requires assessments of: i) sleep quality, ii) potential contributions to fatigue, mood, and/or wake time functioning; iii) potential concomitant sleep-disordered breathing (SDB); and more importantly; iv) opioid use, as central apnea may occur in at-risk patients. Treatments include sleep hygiene advice, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, breathing devices (continuous positive airway pressure - CPAP, or oral appliance) and medications (sleep facilitators, e.g., zolpidem; or antidepressants, e.g., trazodone, duloxetine, or neuroleptics, e.g., pregabalin). In the presence of opioid-exacerbated SDB, if the dose cannot be reduced and normal breathing restored, servo-ventilation is a promising avenue that nevertheless requires close medical supervision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serguei Marshansky
- CIUSSS du Nord de l'Île de Montréal, Hôpital Sacré-Cœur, Québec, Canada; Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Mayer
- Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dorrie Rizzo
- Jewish General, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Baltzan
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Mount Sinai Hospital, Montréal, Canada
| | - Ronald Denis
- CIUSSS du Nord de l'Île de Montréal, Hôpital Sacré-Cœur, Québec, Canada
| | - Gilles J Lavigne
- CIUSSS du Nord de l'Île de Montréal, Hôpital Sacré-Cœur, Québec, Canada; Faculty of Dental Medicine, Université de Montréal, Department of Stomatology, CHUM, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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20
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Tamaddonfard E, Tamaddonfard S, Cheraghiyan S. Effects of intracerebroventricular injection of vitamin B 12 on formalin-induced muscle pain in rats: Role of cyclooxygenase pathway and opioid receptors. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2018; 9:329-335. [PMID: 30713611 PMCID: PMC6346495 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2018.33104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 modulates pain at the local and peripheral levels. This study has investigated the effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of vitamin B12 on themuscle pain. We used diclofenac (cyclooxygenase inhibitor) and naloxone (opioid receptors antagonist) to clarify the possible mechanisms. For ICV injections, a guide cannula was implanted in the left lateral ventricle of the brain. Muscle pain was induced by intramuscular injection of formalin (2.50%; 50 µl) in the right gastrocnemius muscle and the number of paw flinching was recorded at 5-min blocks for 60 min. Locomotor activity was performed using an open-field test. Formalin induced a biphasic pain. Vitamin B12 (1.25, 2.50, 5.00 and 10.00 µg per rat) and diclofenac (12.50 and 25.00 µg per rat) significantly reduced both phases pain intensity. Significant antinociceptive effects were observed after combined treatments of diclofenac (6.25 and 12.50 µg per rat) with vitamin B12 (0.63 and 2.50 µg per rat), respectively. Prior ICV injection of naloxone (10.00 µg per rat) prevented vitamin B12 (10.00 µg per rat) and diclofenac (25.00 µg per rat) induced antinociceptive effects. All the above-mentioned chemicals did not alter locomotor behavior in an open-field test. The present results showed that the cyclooxygenase pathway and opioid receptors may be involved in the central antinociceptive effect of vitamin B12. In addition, opioid receptors might be involved in diclofenac-induced antinociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeal Tamaddonfard
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sina Tamaddonfard
- DVM Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch of Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Siamak Cheraghiyan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch of Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
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21
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Liang S, Wu X, Jin F. Gut-Brain Psychology: Rethinking Psychology From the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Front Integr Neurosci 2018; 12:33. [PMID: 30271330 PMCID: PMC6142822 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2018.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders and neurological diseases are becoming a rapidly increasing medical burden. Although extensive studies have been conducted, the progress in developing effective therapies for these diseases has still been slow. The current dilemma reminds us that the human being is a superorganism. Only when we take the human self and its partner microbiota into consideration at the same time, can we better understand these diseases. Over the last few centuries, the partner microbiota has experienced tremendous change, much more than human genes, because of the modern transformations in diet, lifestyle, medical care, and so on, parallel to the modern epidemiological transition. Existing research indicates that gut microbiota plays an important role in this transition. According to gut-brain psychology, the gut microbiota is a crucial part of the gut-brain network, and it communicates with the brain via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The gut microbiota almost develops synchronously with the gut-brain, brain, and mind. The gut microbiota influences various normal mental processes and mental phenomena, and is involved in the pathophysiology of numerous mental and neurological diseases. Targeting the microbiota in therapy for these diseases is a promising approach that is supported by three theories: the gut microbiota hypothesis, the "old friend" hypothesis, and the leaky gut theory. The effects of gut microbiota on the brain and behavior are fulfilled by the microbiota-gut-brain axis, which is mainly composed of the nervous pathway, endocrine pathway, and immune pathway. Undoubtedly, gut-brain psychology will bring great enhancement to psychology, neuroscience, and psychiatry. Various microbiota-improving methods including fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, a healthy diet, and healthy lifestyle have shown the capability to promote the function of the gut-brain, microbiota-gut-brain axis, and brain. It will be possible to harness the gut microbiota to improve brain and mental health and prevent and treat related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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The discrimination threshold: A selection criterion for analytical methods based on measurement uncertainty – Application to animal stress studies. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1020:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Sousbie M, Vivancos M, Brouillette RL, Besserer-Offroy É, Longpré JM, Leduc R, Sarret P, Marsault É. Structural Optimization and Characterization of Potent Analgesic Macrocyclic Analogues of Neurotensin (8–13). J Med Chem 2018; 61:7103-7115. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sousbie
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Mélanie Vivancos
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Rebecca L. Brouillette
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Élie Besserer-Offroy
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Longpré
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Richard Leduc
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Éric Marsault
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
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Thörnqvist PO, McCarrick S, Ericsson M, Roman E, Winberg S. Bold zebrafish (Danio rerio) express higher levels of delta opioid and dopamine D2 receptors in the brain compared to shy fish. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:927-934. [PMID: 29935279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Individual variation in coping with environmental challenges is a well-known phenomenon across vertebrates, including teleost fish. Dopamine is the major transmitter in the brain reward networks, and important for motivational processes and stress coping. Functions of the endogenous opioid system are not well studied in teleosts. However, in mammals the activity in the brain reward networks is regulated by the endogenous opioid system. This study aimed at investigating if there was a correlation between risk-taking behavior and the expression of dopamine and opioid receptors in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain. Risk-taking behavior was assessed in a novel tank diving test, and the most extreme high risk taking, i.e. bold, and low risk taking, i.e. shy, fish were sampled for qPCR analysis of whole brain gene expression. The expression analysis showed a significantly higher expression of the dopamine D2 receptors (drd2a and drd2b) and the delta opioid receptor (DOR; oprd1b) in bold compared to shy fish. Besides reward and reinforcing properties, DORs are also involved in emotional responses. Dopamine D2 receptors are believed to be important for active stress coping in rodents, and taken together the results of the current study suggest similar functions in zebrafish. However, additional experiments are required to clarify how dopamine and opioid receptor activation affect behavior and stress coping in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per-Ove Thörnqvist
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology Unit, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sarah McCarrick
- Unit of Biochemical Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maja Ericsson
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology Unit, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erika Roman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Neuropharmacology, Addiction and Behavior Unit, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Svante Winberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology Unit, Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Tejada MÁ, Montilla-García Á, González-Cano R, Bravo-Caparrós I, Ruiz-Cantero MC, Nieto FR, Cobos EJ. Targeting immune-driven opioid analgesia by sigma-1 receptors: Opening the door to novel perspectives for the analgesic use of sigma-1 antagonists. Pharmacol Res 2018; 131:224-230. [PMID: 29454675 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells have a known role in pronociception, since they release a myriad of inflammatory algogens which interact with neurons to facilitate pain signaling. However, these cells also produce endogenous opioid peptides with analgesic potential. The sigma-1 receptor is a ligand-operated chaperone that modulates neurotransmission by interacting with multiple protein partners, including the μ-opioid receptor. We recently found that sigma-1 antagonists are able to induce opioid analgesia by enhancing the action of endogenous opioid peptides of immune origin during inflammation. This opioid analgesia is seen only at the inflamed site, where immune cells naturally accumulate. In this article we review the difficulties of targeting the opioid system for selective pain relief, and discuss the dual role of immune cells in pain and analgesia. Our discussion creates perspectives for possible novel therapeutic uses of sigma-1 antagonists as agents able to maximize the analgesic potential of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Á Tejada
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Ángeles Montilla-García
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael González-Cano
- Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Inmaculada Bravo-Caparrós
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - M Carmen Ruiz-Cantero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco R Nieto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, University Hospital Complex of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique J Cobos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute, University Hospital Complex of Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain; Teófilo Hernando Institute for Drug Discovery, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Do TP, Hvedstrup J, Schytz HW. Botulinum toxin: A review of the mode of action in migraine. Acta Neurol Scand 2018; 137:442-451. [PMID: 29405250 DOI: 10.1111/ane.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Botulinum toxin serotype A (BoNT/A) was originally used in neurology for the treatment of dystonia and blepharospasms, but is now clinically used worldwide for the treatment of chronic migraine. Still, the possible mode of action of BoNT/A in migraine is not fully known. However, the mode of action of BoNT/A has been investigated in experimental pain as well as migraine models, which may elucidate the underlying mechanisms in migraine. The aim of this study was to review studies on the possible mode of action of BoNT/A in relation to chronic migraine treatment. Observations suggest that the mode of action of BoNT/A may not be limited to the injection site, but also includes anatomically connected sites due to axonal transport. The mechanisms behind the effect of BoNT/A in chronic migraine may also include modulation of neurotransmitter release, changes in surface expression of receptors and cytokines as well as enhancement of opioidergic transmission. Clinical and experimental studies with botulinum toxin in the last decade have advanced our understanding of headache and other pain states. More research into botulinum toxin as treatment for headache is warranted as it can be an attractive alternative for patients who do not respond positively to other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. P. Do
- Headache Diagnostic Laboratory; Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology; Rigshospitalet-Glostrup; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen; Glostrup Denmark
| | - J. Hvedstrup
- Headache Diagnostic Laboratory; Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology; Rigshospitalet-Glostrup; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen; Glostrup Denmark
| | - H. W. Schytz
- Headache Diagnostic Laboratory; Danish Headache Center and Department of Neurology; Rigshospitalet-Glostrup; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen; Glostrup Denmark
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Bella Ndong D, Blais V, Holleran BJ, Proteau-Gagné A, Cantin-Savoie I, Robert W, Nadon JF, Beauchemin S, Leduc R, Piñeyro G, Guérin B, Gendron L, Dory YL. Exploration of the fifth position of leu-enkephalin and its role in binding and activating delta (DOP) and mu (MOP) opioid receptors. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Bella Ndong
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Véronique Blais
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Brian J. Holleran
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Arnaud Proteau-Gagné
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Chimie, Facult des Sciences; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Isabelle Cantin-Savoie
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Chimie, Facult des Sciences; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - William Robert
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Jean-François Nadon
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Chimie, Facult des Sciences; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Sophie Beauchemin
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Chimie, Facult des Sciences; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Richard Leduc
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Graciela Piñeyro
- Département de Psychiatrie, Centre de Recherche du CHU Ste-Justine; Université de Montréal; Montreal Québec Canada
| | - Brigitte Guérin
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et de Radiobiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Louis Gendron
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Yves L. Dory
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12 av. Nord; Sherbrooke Québec J1H 5N4 Canada
- Département de Chimie, Facult des Sciences; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke Québec Canada
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m-Trifluoromethyl-diphenyl Diselenide Regulates Prefrontal Cortical MOR and KOR Protein Levels and Abolishes the Phenotype Induced by Repeated Forced Swim Stress in Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8991-9000. [PMID: 29623611 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the m-trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide [(m-CF3-PhSe)2] effects on prefrontal cortical MOR and KOR protein levels and phenotype induced by repeated forced swim stress (FSS) in mice. Adult Swiss mice were subjected to repeated FSS sessions, and after that, they performed the spontaneous locomotor/exploratory activity, tail suspension, and splash tests. (m-CF3-PhSe)2 (0.1 to 5 mg/kg) was administered to mice 30 min before the first FSS session and 30 min before the subsequent repeated FSS. (m-CF3-PhSe)2 abolished the phenotype induced by repeated FSS in mice. In addition, a single FSS session increased μ but reduced δ-opioid receptor contents, without changing the κ content. Mice subjected to repeated FSS had an increase in the μ content when compared to those of naïve group or subjected to single FSS. Repeated FSS induced an increase of δ-opioid receptor content compared to those mice subjected to single FSS. However, the δ-opioid receptor contents were lower than those found in the naïve group. The mice subjected to repeated FSS showed an increase in the κ-opioid receptor content when compared to that of the naïve mice. (m-CF3-PhSe)2 regulated the protein contents of μ and κ receptors in mice subjected to repeated FSS. These findings demonstrate that (m-CF3-PhSe)2 was effective to abolish the phenotype induced by FSS, which was accompanied by changes in the contents of cortical μ- and κ-opioid receptors.
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29
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Dong J, Lu L, Le J, Yan C, Zhang H, Li L. Philosophical thinking of Chinese Traditional Medicine. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND MODERN MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s2575900018100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine is often an integration of ancient philosophy, clinical experiences, primitive knowledge of medicine, regional cultures and religious beliefs. Chinese Traditional Medicine (CTM) is the general appellation of all the traditional medicines of different ethnicities in China, which share great similarities of basic concept and philosophical basis, and conform to the development of empirical medicine, among which the medicine of Han ethnicity (Han medicine) is the most mature. The development of CTM is totally different from that of modern medicine, always revolving around the center of disease diagnosis and treatment, establishing the core theoretical system of Yin and Yang, Five Elements, Zang and Fu and Humoralism with the theoretical foundation of ancient Chinese philosophy, which represents the highest achievement of worldwide empirical medicine and philosophy form at that time. In general, the basic structure of CTM mainly consists of three parts as follows: the part that has already reached consensus with modern medicine, the part that is unconsciously ahead of modern medicine, and the part that needs to be reconsidered or abandoned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institute of Theories and Application, The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Linwei Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institute of Theories and Application, The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Le
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institute of Theories and Application, The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institute of Theories and Application, The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institute of Theories and Application, The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- Institute of Theories and Application, The Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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30
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Belzeaux R, Lalanne L, Kieffer BL, Lutz PE. Focusing on the Opioid System for Addiction Biomarker Discovery. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:206-220. [PMID: 29396147 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUD) and behavioral addictions are devastating conditions that impose a severe burden on all societies, and represent difficult challenges for clinicians. Therefore, biomarkers are urgently needed to help predict vulnerability, clinical course, and response to treatment. Here, we elaborate on the potential for addiction biomarker discovery of the opioid system, particularly within the emerging framework aiming to probe opioid function in peripheral tissues. Mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors all critically regulate neurobiological and behavioral processes that define addiction, and are also targeted by major pharmacotherapies used in the management of patients with SUD. We propose that opioid biomarkers may have the potential to improve and guide diagnosis and therapeutic decisions in the addiction field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Belzeaux
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; INT-UMR7289,CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Laurence Lalanne
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Strasbourg and Medical School of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, University Hospital of Strasbourg and Medical School of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; INSERM 1114, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre-Eric Lutz
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Current address: Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France.
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31
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Maldonado R, Baños JE, Cabañero D. Usefulness of knockout mice to clarify the role of the opioid system in chronic pain. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2791-2808. [PMID: 29124744 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several lines of knockout mice deficient in the genes encoding each component of the endogenous opioid system have been used for decades to clarify the specific role of the different opioid receptors and peptide precursors in many physiopathological conditions. The use of these genetically modified mice has improved our knowledge of the specific involvement of each endogenous opioid component in nociceptive transmission during acute and chronic pain conditions. The present review summarizes the recent advances obtained using these genetic tools in understanding the role of the opioid system in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying chronic pain. Behavioural data obtained in these chronic pain models are discussed considering the peculiarities of the behavioural phenotype of each line of knockout mice. These studies have identified the crucial role of specific components of the opioid system in different manifestations of chronic pain and have also opened new possible therapeutic approaches, such as the development of opioid compounds simultaneously targeting several opioid receptors. However, several questions still remain open and require further experimental effort to be clarified. The novel genetic tools now available to manipulate specific neuronal populations and precise genome editing in mice will facilitate in a near future the elucidation of the role of each component of the endogenous opioid system in chronic pain. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Emerging Areas of Opioid Pharmacology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Maldonado
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Eladi Baños
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Cabañero
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Filipczak-Bryniarska I, Nazimek K, Nowak B, Kozlowski M, Wąsik M, Bryniarski K. In contrast to morphine, buprenorphine enhances macrophage-induced humoral immunity and, as oxycodone, slightly suppresses the effector phase of cell-mediated immune response in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 54:344-353. [PMID: 29197801 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid receptors are commonly expressed on various immune cells, macrophages especially. Thus, these cells are prone to stimulation with opioids, which seems to be responsible for opioid-induced immunomodulatory effects. While morphine, fentanyl and methadone influence on mouse immune response was recently studied, little is known about the potential immunomodulatory impact of buprenorphine and oxycodone. AIM The current research aimed to investigate the influence of buprenorphine and oxycodone on immune responses in mice under homeostatic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS Repeated administration of morphine led to intensification of CHS response in actively sensitized mice, while buprenorphine or oxycodone administration exerted the opposite effect. Further, hapten-conjugated macrophages from mice treated with morphine, when transferred into naive recipients, induced more potent CHS response. The enhanced generation of reactive oxygen intermediates and nitric oxide by macrophages from mice treated with buprenorphine, oxycodone or morphine was also shown, along with increased release of IL-6, TNFα and TGFβ. Treatment with opioids altered expression of antigen phagocytosis and presentation markers. Finally, the inhibitory effect of morphine treatment on induction of humoral immunity by macrophages was demonstrated, while oxycodone failed to influence humoral immune response and buprenorphine actually enhanced B-cell activation. CONCLUSIONS Current observations confirm that macrophages greatly contribute to immunomodulatory effects of opioids. Studies on immunomodulation by opioids have great importance related to the evaluation of its beneficial and adverse effects on patient condition. Our research showed that oxycodone exerts the weakest immunomodulatory properties, allowing us to assume this drug as safer than morphine during prolonged therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Filipczak-Bryniarska
- Department of Pain Treatment and Palliative Care, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 10 Sniadeckich St, PL 31-531 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Nazimek
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta St, PL 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Bernadeta Nowak
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta St, PL 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michael Kozlowski
- Department of Pain Treatment and Palliative Care, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 10 Sniadeckich St, PL 31-531 Krakow, Poland; Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta St, PL 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wąsik
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta St, PL 31-121 Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bryniarski
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta St, PL 31-121 Krakow, Poland.
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Ghasemi H, Tamaddonfard E, Soltanalinejad F. Role of thalamic ventral posterolateral nucleus histamine H 2 and opiate receptors in modulation of formalin-induced muscle pain in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:1393-1401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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de la Puente B, Zamanillo D, Romero L, Vela JM, Merlos M, Portillo-Salido E. Pharmacological sensitivity of reflexive and nonreflexive outcomes as a correlate of the sensory and affective responses to visceral pain in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13428. [PMID: 29044171 PMCID: PMC5647413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain encompasses both sensory and affective dimensions which can be differentially modulated by drugs. Here, we compare the pharmacological sensitivity of the sensory and affective responses using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhings (sensory-reflexive outcome) and acetic acid-induced depression of reward seeking behaviour (RSB, affective-nonreflexive outcome) to a highly palatable food in mice. We found that the expression of RSB critically depends on factors such as sex and previous knowledge and type of the food stimulus. Intraperitoneal administration of acetic acid (iAA) produced a long-lasting (beyond the resolution of writhing behaviour) and concentration-dependent decrease on both appetitive-approach and consummatory dimensions of RSB. Ibuprofen and diclofenac were much more potent in reversing AA-induced changes in RSB: latency to eat (ED50 = 2 and 0.005 mg/kg, intraperinoneally, respectively) and amount consumed (ED50 = 11 and 0.1 mg/kg) than in AA-induced writhing (ED50 = 123 and 60 mg/kg). Morphine and duloxetine inhibited the writhing response (ED50 = 0.8 and 6 mg/kg, respectively) but not the AA-induced changes in RSB. Caffeine was ineffective in both AA-induced writhing and RSB changes. Overall, this study characterized a preclinical mouse model of hedonic deficits induced by pain that can be used to assess affective responses as well as complementary classic reflexive approaches in the evaluation of candidate analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Zamanillo
- Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luz Romero
- Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Vela
- Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Merlos
- Drug Discovery and Preclinical Development, ESTEVE, Barcelona, Spain
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Arabian M, Aboutaleb N, Soleimani M, Ajami M, Habibey R, Rezaei Y, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Preconditioning with morphine protects hippocampal CA1 neurons from ischemia-reperfusion injury via activation of the mTOR pathway. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:80-87. [PMID: 28881154 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The signaling pathway of chronic morphine treatment to prevent neuronal damage following transient cerebral ischemia is not clear. In this study, we examined the role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) to identify the neuroprotective effects of chronic morphine preconditioning on the hippocampus following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Morphine was administered for 5 days, twice a day, before inducing I/R injury. The possible role of mTOR was evaluated by the injection of rapamycin (5 mg/kg body weight, by intraperitoneal injection) before I/R was induced. The passive avoidance test was used to evaluate memory performance. Neuronal density and apoptosis were measured in the CA1 region, 72 h after I/R injury. The expressions of mTOR and phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined 24 h after I/R injury. Chronic morphine treatment attenuated apoptosis and neuronal loss in the hippocampus after I/R injury, which led to improvement in memory (P < 0.05 vs. untreated I/R) and increase in the expression of p-mTOR (P < 0.05 vs. untreated I/R) and SOD activity (P < 0.05 vs. untreated I/R) in the hippocampus. Pretreatment with rapamycin abolished all the above-mentioned protective effects. These results describe novel findings whereby chronic morphine preconditioning in hippocampal CA1 neurons is mediated by the mTOR pathway, and through increased phosphorylation of mTOR can alleviate oxidative stress and apoptosis, and eventually protect the hippocampus from I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Arabian
- a Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- b Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- c Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Ajami
- d Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Habibey
- e Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies-Istituto Italiano di Technologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Yousef Rezaei
- f Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- b Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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36
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Rosa SG, Pesarico AP, Tagliapietra CF, da Luz SC, Nogueira CW. Opioid system contribution to the antidepressant-like action of m-trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide in mice: A compound devoid of tolerance and withdrawal syndrome. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:1250-1262. [PMID: 28857657 DOI: 10.1177/0269881117724353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Animal and clinical researches indicate that the opioid system exerts a crucial role in the etiology of mood disorders and is a target for intervention in depression treatment. This study investigated the contribution of the opioid system to the antidepressant-like action of acute or repeated m-trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide administration to Swiss mice. m-Trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide (50 mg/kg, intragastric) produced an antidepressant-like action in the forced swimming test from 30 min to 24 h after treatment. This effect was blocked by the µ and δ-opioid receptor antagonists, naloxonazine (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and naltrindole (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), and it was potentiated by a κ-opioid receptor antagonist, norbinaltrophimine (1 mg/kg, subcutaneously ). Combined treatment with subeffective doses of m-trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide (10 mg/kg, intragastric) and morphine (1 mg/kg, subcutaneously) resulted in a synergistic antidepressant-like effect. The opioid system contribution to the m-trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide antidepressant-like action was also demonstrated in the modified tail suspension test, decreasing mouse immobility and swinging time and increasing curling time, results similar to those observed using morphine, a positive control. Treatment with m-trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide induced neither tolerance to the antidepressant-like action nor physical signs of withdrawal, which could be associated with the fact that m-trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide did not change the mouse cortical and hippocampal glutamate uptake and release. m-Trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide treatments altered neither locomotor nor toxicological parameters in mice. These findings demonstrate that m-trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide elicited an antidepressant-like action by direct or indirect μ and δ-opioid receptor activation and the κ-opioid receptor blockade, without inducing tolerance, physical signs of withdrawal and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan G Rosa
- 1 Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Ana P Pesarico
- 1 Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Carolina F Tagliapietra
- 1 Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Sônia Ca da Luz
- 2 Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cristina W Nogueira
- 1 Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
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Amri J, Sadegh M, Moulaei N, Palizvan MR. Transgenerational modification of hippocampus TNF-α and S100B levels in the offspring of rats chronically exposed to morphine during adolescence. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2017; 44:95-102. [PMID: 28750172 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2017.1348509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TNF-α and S100B are important signaling factors that are involved in many aberrant conditions of the brain. Chronic morphine exposure causes aberrant modifications in the brain. OBJECTIVES We examined the consequences of chronic morphine consumption by parents before mating on hippocampus TNF-α and S100B levels in the parents and their offspring. METHODS A total of 12 adult female and 12 adult male Wistar rats were used as parents. Each gender was divided randomly into two groups: control and morphine consumer. Morphine consumer groups received morphine sulfate dissolved in drinking water (0.4 mg/ml) for 60 days. Control groups received water. Thirty days before mating, morphine was replaced with water. All offspring also received water. The hippocampus of both parental and offspring groups was extracted to measure TNF-α and S100B levels using an ELISA. RESULTS Hippocampus TNF-α levels were significantly increased due to chronic morphine use in both male and female parents compared to those of control parents (P < 0.01). Moreover, both male and female offspring of morphine-exposed parents showed a significant increase in hippocampus TNF-α levels compared to those of control offspring (P < 0.01). Hippocampus levels of S100B were significantly decreased in male (P < 0.05) but not female morphine consumer parents relative to control parents. Both male and female offspring of morphine-exposed parents showed significant decreases in hippocampus S100B levels (P < 0.05) compared to those of control offspring. CONCLUSIONS The consequences of chronic morphine use by parents, even when it is stopped long before mating and pregnancy, could induce modifications in the hippocampus of the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Amri
- a Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine , Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak , Iran
| | - Mehdi Sadegh
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak , Iran
| | - Neda Moulaei
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak , Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Palizvan
- b Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak , Iran
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Enkephalins: Endogenous Analgesics with an Emerging Role in Stress Resilience. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:1546125. [PMID: 28781901 PMCID: PMC5525068 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1546125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress is a state of mental or emotional strain or tension that results from adverse or demanding circumstances. Chronic stress is well known to induce anxiety disorders and major depression; it is also considered a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Stress resilience is a positive outcome that is associated with preserved cognition and healthy aging. Resilience presents psychological and biological characteristics intrinsic to an individual conferring protection against the development of psychopathologies in the face of adversity. How can we promote or improve resilience to chronic stress? Numerous studies have proposed mechanisms that could trigger this desirable process. The roles of enkephalin transmission in the control of pain, physiological functions, like respiration, and affective disorders have been studied for more than 30 years. However, their role in the resilience to chronic stress has received much less attention. This review presents the evidence for an emerging involvement of enkephalin signaling through its two associated opioid receptors, μ opioid peptide receptor and δ opioid peptide receptor, in the natural adaptation to stressful lifestyles.
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