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Fang Y, Li X, Tian R. Unlocking Glioblastoma Vulnerabilities with CRISPR-Based Genetic Screening. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5702. [PMID: 38891890 PMCID: PMC11171782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite advancements in treatment, the prognosis for patients with GBM remains poor due to its aggressive nature and resistance to therapy. CRISPR-based genetic screening has emerged as a powerful tool for identifying genes crucial for tumor progression and treatment resistance, offering promising targets for tumor therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advancements in CRISPR-based genetic screening approaches and their applications in GBM. We highlight how these approaches have been used to uncover the genetic determinants of GBM progression and responsiveness to various therapies. Furthermore, we discuss the ongoing challenges and future directions of CRISPR-based screening methods in advancing GBM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Fang
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.)
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.)
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ruilin Tian
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (Y.F.); (X.L.)
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Huang R, Kong Y, Luo Z, Li Q. LncRNA NDUFA6-DT: A Comprehensive Analysis of a Potential LncRNA Biomarker and Its Regulatory Mechanisms in Gliomas. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:483. [PMID: 38674418 PMCID: PMC11050413 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most prevalent primary malignant tumors affecting the brain, with high recurrence and mortality rates. Accurate diagnoses and effective treatment challenges persist, emphasizing the need for identifying new biomarkers to guide clinical decisions. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) hold potential as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in cancer. However, only a limited subset of lncRNAs in gliomas have been explored. Therefore, this study aims to identify lncRNA signatures applicable to patients with gliomas across all grades and explore their clinical significance and potential biological mechanisms. Data used in this study were obtained from TCGA, CGGA, and GEO datasets to identify key lncRNA signatures in gliomas through differential and survival analyses and machine learning algorithms. We examined their associations with the clinical characteristics, gene mutations, diagnosis, and prognosis of gliomas. Functional enrichment analysis was employed to elucidate the potential biological mechanisms associated with these significant lncRNA signatures. We explored competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks. We found that NDUFA6-DT emerged as a significant lncRNA signature in gliomas, with reduced NDUFA6-DT expression associated with a worse prognosis in gliomas. Nomogram analysis incorporating NDUFA6-DT expression levels exhibited excellent prognostic and predictive capabilities. Functional annotation suggested that NDUFA6-DT might influence immunological responses and synaptic transmission, potentially modifying glioma initiation and progression. The associated ceRNA network revealed the possible presence of the NDUFA6-DT-miR-455-3p-YWHAH/YWHAG axis in low-grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), regulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and influencing glioma cell survival and apoptosis. We believe that NDUFA6-DT is a novel lncRNA linked to glioma diagnosis and prognosis, potentially becoming a pivotal biomarker for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiting Huang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.H.); (Y.K.); (Z.L.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmaceuticals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Kong
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.H.); (Y.K.); (Z.L.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmaceuticals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiqing Luo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.H.); (Y.K.); (Z.L.)
| | - Quhuan Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.H.); (Y.K.); (Z.L.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Biopharmaceuticals, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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3
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Li X, Sun S, Zhang W, Liang Z, Fang Y, Sun T, Wan Y, Ma X, Zhang S, Xu Y, Tian R. Identification of genetic modifiers enhancing B7-H3-targeting CAR T cell therapy against glioblastoma through large-scale CRISPRi screening. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:95. [PMID: 38561797 PMCID: PMC10986136 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with a poor prognosis. Current treatment options are limited and often ineffective. CAR T cell therapy has shown success in treating hematologic malignancies, and there is growing interest in its potential application in solid tumors, including GBM. However, current CAR T therapy lacks clinical efficacy against GBM due to tumor-related resistance mechanisms and CAR T cell deficiencies. Therefore, there is a need to improve CAR T cell therapy efficacy in GBM. METHODS We conducted large-scale CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screens in GBM cell line U87 MG cells co-cultured with B7-H3 targeting CAR T cells to identify genetic modifiers that can enhance CAR T cell-mediated tumor killing. Flow cytometry-based tumor killing assay and CAR T cell activation assay were performed to validate screening hits. Bioinformatic analyses on bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data and the TCGA database were employed to elucidate the mechanism underlying enhanced CAR T efficacy upon knocking down the selected screening hits in U87 MG cells. RESULTS We established B7-H3 as a targetable antigen for CAR T therapy in GBM. Through large-scale CRISPRi screening, we discovered genetic modifiers in GBM cells, including ARPC4, PI4KA, ATP6V1A, UBA1, and NDUFV1, that regulated the efficacy of CAR T cell-mediated tumor killing. Furthermore, we discovered that TNFSF15 was upregulated in both ARPC4 and NDUFV1 knockdown GBM cells and revealed an immunostimulatory role of TNFSF15 in modulating tumor-CAR T interaction to enhance CAR T cell efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the power of CRISPR-based genetic screening in investigating tumor-CAR T interaction and identifies potential druggable targets in tumor cells that confer resistance to CAR T cell killing. Furthermore, we devised targeted strategies that synergize with CAR T therapy against GBM. These findings shed light on the development of novel combinatorial strategies for effective immunotherapy of GBM and other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China
| | - Wansong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Ziwei Liang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Yitong Fang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Tianhu Sun
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Xingcong Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China.
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China.
| | - Ruilin Tian
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China.
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China.
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Kembuan GJ, Kim JY, Maus MV, Jan M. Targeting solid tumor antigens with chimeric receptors: cancer biology meets synthetic immunology. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:312-331. [PMID: 38355356 PMCID: PMC11006585 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a medical breakthrough in the treatment of B cell malignancies. There is intensive focus on developing solid tumor-targeted CAR-T cell therapies. Although clinically approved CAR-T cell therapies target B cell lineage antigens, solid tumor targets include neoantigens and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) with diverse roles in tumor biology. Multiple early-stage clinical trials now report encouraging signs of efficacy for CAR-T cell therapies that target solid tumors. We review the landscape of solid tumor target antigens from the perspective of cancer biology and gene regulation, together with emerging clinical data for CAR-T cells targeting these antigens. We then discuss emerging synthetic biology strategies and their application in the clinical development of novel cellular immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele J Kembuan
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanna Y Kim
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcela V Maus
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Max Jan
- Cellular Immunotherapy Program, Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Begagić E, Bečulić H, Đuzić N, Džidić-Krivić A, Pugonja R, Muharemović A, Jaganjac B, Salković N, Sefo H, Pojskić M. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Therapy for Glioblastoma: A Scoping Review. Biomedicines 2024; 12:238. [PMID: 38275409 PMCID: PMC10813360 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This scoping review examines the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in glioblastoma (GBM), a predominant and aggressive brain tumor. Categorizing gene targets into distinct groups, this review explores their roles in cell cycle regulation, microenvironmental dynamics, interphase processes, and therapy resistance reduction. The complexity of CRISPR-Cas9 applications in GBM research is highlighted, providing unique insights into apoptosis, cell proliferation, and immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. The studies challenge conventional perspectives on specific genes, emphasizing the potential therapeutic implications of manipulating key molecular players in cell cycle dynamics. Exploring CRISPR/Cas9 gene therapy in GBMs yields significant insights into the regulation of cellular processes, spanning cell interphase, renewal, and migration. Researchers, by precisely targeting specific genes, uncover the molecular orchestration governing cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation during critical phases of the cell cycle. The findings underscore the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in unraveling the complex dynamics of the GBM microenvironment, offering promising avenues for targeted therapies to curb GBM growth. This review also outlines studies addressing therapy resistance in GBM, employing CRISPR/Cas9 to target genes associated with chemotherapy resistance, showcasing its transformative potential in effective GBM treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emir Begagić
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Hakija Bečulić
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Crkvice 67, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nermin Đuzić
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, International Burch University Sarajevo, Francuske revolucije BB, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amina Džidić-Krivić
- Department of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Crkvice 67, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ragib Pugonja
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Crkvice 67, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Asja Muharemović
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, International Burch University Sarajevo, Francuske revolucije BB, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Belma Jaganjac
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, University of Zenica, Travnička 1, 72000 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Naida Salković
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Tuzla, Univerzitetska 1, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Haso Sefo
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Bolnička 25, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mirza Pojskić
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstr., 35033 Marburg, Germany;
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Zhuang Y, Zhu L, Chen X, Chen J, Ye Z, Kang J, Wang X, Han Z. Synthesis of carbon dot based Schiff bases and selective anticancer activity in glioma cells. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1952-1961. [PMID: 38192314 PMCID: PMC10772990 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06411e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Schiff bases have remarkable anticancer activity and are used for glioma therapy. However, the poor water solubility/dispersibility limits their therapeutic potential in biological systems. To address this issue, carbon dots (CDs) have been utilized to enhance the dispersibility in water and biological efficacy of Schiff bases. The amino groups on the surface of CDs were conjugated effectively with the aldehyde group of terephthalaldehyde to form novel CD-based Schiff bases (CDSBs). The results of the MTT assays demonstrate that CDSBs have significant anticancer activity in glioma GL261 cells and U251 cells, with IC50 values of 17.9 μg mL-1 and 14.9 μg mL-1, respectively. CDSBs have also been found to have good biocompatibility with normal glial cells. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GL261 glioma cells showed that CDSBs, at a concentration of 44 μg mL-1, resulted in approximately 13 times higher intracellular ROS production than in the control group. These experiments offer evidence that CDSBs induce mitochondrial damage, leading to a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential in GL261 cells. In particular, in this work, CDs serve not as carriers, but as an integral part of the anticancer drugs, which can expand the role of CDs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian 350122 PR China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350011 Fujian PR China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-Human Primate, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital Fuzhou 350011 Fujian PR China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian 350122 PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian 350122 PR China
| | - Zhoujie Ye
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350011 Fujian PR China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-Human Primate, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital Fuzhou 350011 Fujian PR China
| | - Jie Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian 350122 PR China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350011 Fujian PR China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-Human Primate, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital Fuzhou 350011 Fujian PR China
| | - Zhizhong Han
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Fuzhou Fujian 350122 PR China
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Qin Y, Xiong S, Ren J, Sethi G. Autophagy machinery in glioblastoma: The prospect of cell death crosstalk and drug resistance with bioinformatics analysis. Cancer Lett 2024; 580:216482. [PMID: 37977349 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Brain tumors are common malignancies with high mortality and morbidity in which glioblastoma (GB) is a grade IV astrocytoma with heterogeneous nature. The conventional therapeutics for the GB mainly include surgery and chemotherapy, however their efficacy has been compromised due to the aggressiveness of tumor cells. The dysregulation of cell death mechanisms, especially autophagy has been reported as a factor causing difficulties in cancer therapy. As a mechanism contributing to cell homeostasis, the autophagy process is hijacked by tumor cells for the purpose of aggravating cancer progression and drug resistance. The autophagy function is context-dependent and its role can be lethal or protective in cancer. The aim of the current paper is to highlight the role of autophagy in the regulation of GB progression. The cytotoxic function of autophagy can promote apoptosis and ferroptosis in GB cells and vice versa. Autophagy dysregulation can cause drug resistance and radioresistance in GB. Moreover, stemness can be regulated by autophagy and overall growth as well as metastasis are affected by autophagy. The various interventions including administration of synthetic/natural products and nanoplatforms can target autophagy. Therefore, autophagy can act as a promising target in GB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Department of Lab, Chifeng Cancer Hospital (The 2nd Afflicted Hospital of Chifeng University), Chifeng University, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 024000, China.
| | - Shengjun Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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8
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Yao Y, Fan D. Advances in MUC1 resistance to chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer. J Chemother 2023:1-8. [PMID: 38006297 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2282839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of pancreatic cancer (PC), a highly fatal malignancy, is increasing every year. Chemotherapy is an important treatment for it in addition to surgery, yet most patients become resistant to chemotherapeutic agents within a few weeks of treatment initiation. MUC1 is a highly glycosylated transmembrane protein, and studies have shown that aberrantly glycosylated overexpression of MUC1 is involved in regulating the biology of chemoresistance in cancer cells. This article summarizes the mechanism of MUC1 in PC chemoresistance and reviews MUC1-based targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhao Yao
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, PR China
- Surgery Department, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, PR China
| | - Daguang Fan
- Surgery Department, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, PR China
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Chien HT, Li CY, Su WH, Chang KC, Chen CS, Liu YT, Chen CY, Dai CY, Wang SC. Multi-omics profiling of chemotactic characteristics of brain microglia and astrocytoma. Life Sci 2023; 330:121855. [PMID: 37419413 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Brain cancer is a deadly disease with low survival rates for over 70 % of patients. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop better treatment methods and strategies to improve patient outcomes. In this study, we explored the tumor microenvironment and discovered unique characteristics of microglia to interact with astrocytoma cells and promote proliferation and migration of collisions. The conditioned medium from the collisions expressed cell chemoattraction and anti-inflammatory responses. To further understand the interactions between microglia and astrocytoma cells, we used flow sorting and protein analysis found that the protein alterations were related to biogenesis in the astrocytoma cells and metabolic processes in the microglia. Both types of cells were involved in binding and activity in cell-cell interactions. Using STRING to demonstrate the protein cross-interaction between the cells. Furthermore, PHB and RDX interact with oncogenic proteins, which were significantly expressed in patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) and low-grade glioma (LGG) according to GEPIA. To study the role of RDX in chemoattraction, the inhibitor-NSC668394 suppressed collision formation and migration in BV2 cells in vitro by down-regulating F-actin. Additionally, it suppressed macrophage infiltration in infiltrating islands in vivo of intracranial tumor-bearing mice. These findings provide evidence for the role of resident cells in mediating tumor development and invasiveness and suggest that potential interacting molecules may be a strategy for controlling tumor growth by regulating the infiltration of tumor-associated microglia in the brain tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Tung Chien
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Hsiu Su
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Che Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Chi-Sheng Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Chi Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of precision medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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Shi P, Xu J, Cui H. The Recent Research Progress of NF-κB Signaling on the Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, Immune Escape and Drug Resistance of Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10337. [PMID: 37373484 PMCID: PMC10298967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and invasive primary central nervous system tumor in humans, accounting for approximately 45-50% of all primary brain tumors. How to conduct early diagnosis, targeted intervention, and prognostic evaluation of GBM, in order to improve the survival rate of glioblastoma patients, has always been an urgent clinical problem to be solved. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of GBM is also needed. Like many other cancers, NF-κB signaling plays a crucial role in tumor growth and therapeutic resistance in GBM. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the high activity of NF-κB in GBM remains to be elucidated. This review aims to identify and summarize the NF-κB signaling involved in the recent pathogenesis of GBM, as well as basic therapy for GBM via NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Shi
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (P.S.); (J.X.)
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (P.S.); (J.X.)
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (P.S.); (J.X.)
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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