1
|
Zhang H, Wang Q, Wang J, Zhang S, Jia W, He N, Xia X, Wang T, Lai L, Li J, DU J, Olaleye OE, Chen X, Yang J, Li C. Composition analysis of Compound Shenhua Tablet, a seven-herb Chinese medicine for IgA nephropathy: evaluation of analyte-capacity of the assays. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:178-192. [PMID: 38342570 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Compound Shenhua Tablet, a medicine comprising seven herbs, is employed in treating IgA nephropathy. This study aimed to meticulously analyze its chemical composition. Based on a list of candidate compounds, identified through extensive literature review pertinent to the tablet's herbal components, the composition analysis entailed the systematic identification, characterization, and quantification of the constituents. The analyte-capacity of LC/ESI-MS-based and GC/EI-MS-based assays was evaluated. The identified and characterized constituents were quantified to determine their content levels and were ranked based on the constituents' daily doses. A total of 283 constituents, classified into 12 distinct categories, were identified and characterized in the Compound Shenhua Tablet. These constituents exhibited content levels of 1-10 982 μg·g-1, with daily doses of 0.01-395 μmol·d-1. The predominant constituents, with daily doses of ≥ 10 μmol·d-1, include nine organic acids (citric acid, quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, gallic acid, neochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid C, isochlorogenic acid B, and linoleic acid), five iridoids (specnuezhenide, nuezhenoside G13, nuezhenidic acid, secoxyloganin, and secologanoside), two monoterpene glycosides (paeoniflorin and albiflorin), a sesquiterpenoid (curzerenone), a triterpenoid (oleanolic acid), and a phenylethanoid (salidroside). Additionally, there were 83, 126, and 55 constituents detected in the medicine with daily doses of 1-10, 0.1-1, and 0.01-0.1 μmol·d-1, respectively. The combination of the LC/ESI-MS-based and GC/EI-MS-based assays demonstrated a complementary relationship in their analyte-capacity for detecting the constituents present in the medicine. This comprehensive composition analysis establishes a solid foundation for further pharmacological research on Compound Shenhua Tablet and facilitates the quality evaluation of this complex herbal medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sichao Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weiwei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ning He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liyu Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing DU
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Olajide E Olaleye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Junling Yang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Chuan Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Zhongshan 528400, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen M, Sun J, Yao H, Gong F, Cai L, Wang C, Shao Q, Wang Z. Analysis of genetic and chemical variability of five Curcuma species based on DNA barcoding and HPLC fingerprints. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1229041. [PMID: 37746000 PMCID: PMC10511903 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1229041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The rhizomes of Curcuma species have a long medicinal history in Asia. In China, Curcuma species mainly be utilized to make pharmaceutical products, including C. phaecocaulis, C. aromatica, C. wenyujin, C. kwangsiensis and C. longa. In this study, twenty-four samples were selected to study the genetic and chemical variability among five Curcuma species. The ITS2 and trnK intron gene fragment were used to identify the five Curcuma species, the differences in chemical composition were computed using the Euclidean distance based on the data of HPLC characteristic peak areas and the content of six key components, and agronomic characteristics were analyzed including morphological and volatile oil characteristics. The ITS2 and trnK intron gene fragment could distinguish the five Curcuma species clearly. The genetic distance between Curcuma species ranged from 0.0085 to 0.0767 based on the data of ITS2 gene sequences with 32 variation sites, and the genetic distance between Curcuma species ranged from 0.0003 to 0.0194 based on the data of trnK intron gene sequences with 39 variation sites. Five Curcuma species showed otherness chemical composition characteristics, with the Euclidean distance ranging from 3.373 to 6.998. The C. longa showed the biggest variation compared with other species, with the Euclidean distance above 6.239. Among the samples of the original plants of Ezhu, the volatile oil yield of W1 was the highest, reached to 105.75 mL per single plant. Among all the samples, J6 showed the highest yield of volatile oil, reached to 149.42 mL per single plant. The results showed that chemical composition similarity of the medicinal plants was the primary proof for the selection of the original plants of the Curcuma medicinal materials. The genetic distance and chemical variability were important references for discovering new medicinal plant resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fuyu Gong
- Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Long Cai
- Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Chanyan Wang
- Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingsong Shao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resources Protection and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhian Wang
- Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Di Giacomo C, Malfa GA, Tomasello B, Bianchi S, Acquaviva R. Natural Compounds and Glutathione: Beyond Mere Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1445. [PMID: 37507985 PMCID: PMC10376414 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The tripeptide glutathione plays important roles in many cell processes, including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis; in fact, disorders in glutathione homeostasis are involved both in the etiology and in the progression of several human diseases, including cancer. Natural compounds have been found to modulate glutathione levels and function beyond their role as mere antioxidants. For example, certain compounds can upregulate the expression of glutathione-related enzymes, increase the availability of cysteine, the limiting amino acid for glutathione synthesis, or directly interact with glutathione and modulate its function. These compounds may have therapeutic potential in a variety of disease states where glutathione dysregulation is a contributing factor. On the other hand, flavonoids' potential to deplete glutathione levels could be significant for cancer treatment. Overall, while natural compounds may have potential therapeutic and/or preventive properties and may be able to increase glutathione levels, more research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and their potential benefits for the prevention and treatment of several diseases. In this review, particular emphasis will be placed on phytochemical compounds belonging to the class of polyphenols, terpenoids, and glucosinolates that have an impact on glutathione-related processes, both in physiological and pathological conditions. These classes of secondary metabolites represent the most food-derived bioactive compounds that have been intensively explored and studied in the last few decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Di Giacomo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Simone Bianchi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Song GQ, Wu P, Dong XM, Cheng LH, Lu HQ, Lin YY, Tang WY, Xie T, Zhou JL. Elemene induces cell apoptosis via inhibiting glutathione synthesis in lung adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 311:116409. [PMID: 37003401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The rhizome of Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen & C. Ling, also known as Wen-E-Zhu, has been used for cancer treatment since ancient times, with roots dating back to the Song Dynasty. Elemene (EE), a sesquiterpene extract with potent anticancer properties, is extracted from Wen-E-Zhu, with β-elemene (BE) being its main active compound, along with trace amounts of β-caryophyllene (BC), γ-elemene and δ-elemene isomers. EE has demonstrated broad-spectrum anti-cancer effects and is commonly used in clinical treatments for various types of malignant cancers, including lung cancer. Studies have shown that EE can arrest the cell cycle, inhibit cancer cell proliferation, and induce apoptosis and autophagy. However, the exact mechanism of its anti-lung cancer activity remains unclear and requires further research and investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the possible mechanism of EE and its main active components, BE and BC, against lung adenocarcinoma was investigated by using A549 and PC9 cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS The subcutaneous tumor model of nude mice was constructed to evaluate the efficacy of EE in vivo, then the in vitro half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of EE and its main active components, BE and BC, on A549 and PC9 cells at different concentrations were determined by CCK-8. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis and cycle of A549 and PC9 cells treated with different concentrations of BE and BC for 24 h. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis was performed on A549 cells to explore potential target pathways, which were subsequently verified through kit detection and western blot analysis. RESULTS Injection of EE in A549 tumor-bearing mice effectively suppressed cancer growth in vivo. The IC50 of EE and its main active components, BE and BC, was around 60 μg/mL. Flow cytometry analysis showed that BE and BC blocked the G2/M and S phases of lung adenocarcinoma cells and induced apoptosis, leading to a significant reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Results from non-targeted metabolomics analysis indicated that the glutathione metabolism pathway in A549 cells was altered after treatment with the active components. Kit detection revealed a decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels and an increase in the levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and reactive oxygen (ROS). Supplementation of GSH reduced the inhibitory activity of the active components on lung cancer and also decreased the ROS content of cells. Analysis of glutathione synthesis-related proteins showed a decrease in the expression of glutaminase, cystine/glutamate reverse transporter (SLC7A11), and glutathione synthase (GS), while the expression of glutamate cysteine ligase modified subunit (GCLM) was increased. In the apoptosis-related pathway, Bax protein and cleaved caspase-9/caspase-9 ratio were up-regulated and Bcl-2 protein was down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS EE, BE, and BC showed significant inhibitory effects on the growth of lung adenocarcinoma cells, and the mechanism of action was linked to the glutathione system. By down-regulating the expression of proteins related to GSH synthesis, EE and its main active components BE and BC disrupted the cellular redox system and thereby promoted cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Qian Song
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Pu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xue-Man Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Innovative Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Long-Hui Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Hua-Qiu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Wei-Yang Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
| | - Jian-Liang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ye Y, Zhou Y, Tan J, Zhu G, Liu J, Xu Y. Cross-Compatibility in Interspecific Hybridization of Different Curcuma Accessions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1961. [PMID: 37653878 PMCID: PMC10220942 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Curcuma is extensively cultivated as a medicinal and ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical regions. Due to the bright bract color, distinctive inflorescence and long blooming period, it has become a new favorite in terms of the urban landscape, potted flowers and cut flowers. However, little research on breeding new cultivars using traditional plant breeding methods is available on the genus Curcuma. In the present study, pollen viability and stigma receptivity evaluation were performed, and the genetic relationship of 38 Curcuma accessions was evaluated, then 5 C. alismatifolia Gagnep. (Ca), 2 C. hybrid (Ch), 2 C. sparganiifolia Gagnep. cultivars and 4 Curcuma native species were selected as parents for subsequent interspecific cross-breeding. A total of 132 reciprocal crosses were carried out for interspecific hybridization, including 70 obverse and 62 inverse crosses. Obvious discrepancies among fruit-setting rates were manifested in different combinations and in reciprocal crosses. Results showed that the highest fruit-setting rate (87.5%) was observed in the Ca combinations. There were 87 combinations with a fruit-setting rate of 0%, which meant nearly 65.9% was incompatible. We concluded that C. alismatifolia 'Siam Shadow' (Ch34) was suitable as a male parent and C. petiolata Roxb. (Cpet) was suitable as a female parent to improve the fruit-setting rates. The maximum number of seeds per fruit (45.4) was obtained when C. alismatifolia 'Chiang Mai Pink' (Ca01) was used as a female parent followed by C. attenuata Wall. ex Baker (Catt) (42.8) and C. alismatifolia 'Splash' (Ca63) (39.6) as male parents. The highest germination rate was observed for the Ca group followed by Catt and C. sparganiifolia 'Maetang Sunrise' (Csms). The germination rates of Ca accessions ranged from 58.2% (C. alismatifolia 'Siam Scarlet' (Ca06) as a male parent) to 89.3% (C. alismatifolia 'Sitone' (Ca10) as a male parent) with an average value of 74.0%. Based on the results of hybrid identification, all the individuals from the four combinations exhibited paternal-specific bands, indicating that the true hybrid rates of crossings were 100%. Our results would facilitate the interspecific hybridization and introduction of genetic variation from wild species into the cultivars in Curcuma in the future, which could be helpful in realizing the sustainable application in urban green areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianjun Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Genfa Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jinmei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yechun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma H, Fu W, Yu H, Xu Y, Xiao L, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Liu X, Chen Y, Xu T. Exploration of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Lanqin oral solution based on the network pharmacology analysis optimized by Q-markers selection. Comput Biol Med 2023; 154:106607. [PMID: 36731363 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Network pharmacology is widely used to predict the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), but the framework in traditional network pharmacology analysis ignores the relationship between the concentration of components and drug efficacy. Lanqin oral solution (LOS) is a TCM formulation that widely used in the clinical treatment of pharyngitis, but its pharmacodynamic mechanism is still unknown. The present study was designed to elaborate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of LOS based on the quality markers (Q-markers). The efficacy of LOS was correlated with the fingerprint common peaks by chemometrics to select key peaks, and the Q-markers were further confirmed by mass spectrometry. Network pharmacology analysis was performed based on the chosen Q-markers to elaborate the potential pharmacodynamic mechanisms. Four efficacy-related chromatographic peaks were screened by the novel competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) spectrum-effect relationship analysis and series of other chemometrics methods. Four peaks were further characterized as the Q-markers in the LOS by mass spectrometry, i.e., geniposide, berberine, palmatine and baicalin. The ingredient-target network demonstrated that the LOS showed more impact on the NF-κB signaling pathway to elicit anti-inflammatory ability. Overall, the present study has introduced CARS into the spectrum-effect relationship analysis for the first time, which complemented the commonly applied chemometric methods. The network established based on the screened Q-markers was highly interpretable and successfully achieved the prediction of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of LOS. The proposed workflow provides a systematic method for exploring the mechanism of TCM based on identifying efficacy indicators. More importantly, it offers a reference for clarifying the mechanisms for other TCM formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weiliang Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hengyuan Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Youdong Xu
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Lulu Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yongjiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Tengfei Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang X, Zeng Z, Chen Z, Tong X, Jiang J, He C, Xiang T. Deciphering the potential of a plant growth promoting endophyte Rhizobium sp. WYJ-E13, and functional annotation of the genes involved in the metabolic pathway. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1035167. [PMID: 36406393 PMCID: PMC9671153 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1035167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are well-acknowledged root endophytic bacteria used for plant growth promotion. However, which metabolites produced by PGPR could promote plant growth remains unclear. Additionally, which genes are responsible for plant growth-promoting traits is also not elucidated. Thus, as comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of endophyte in growth promotion is limited, this study aimed to determine the metabolites and genes involved in plant growth-promotion. We isolated an endophytic Rhizobium sp. WYJ-E13 strain from the roots of Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen et C. Ling, a perennial herb and medicinal plant. The tissue culture experiment showed its plant growth-promoting ability. The bacterium colonization in the root was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and paraffin sectioning. Furthermore, it was noted that the WYJ-E13 strain produced cytokinin, anthranilic acid, and L-phenylalanine by metabolome analysis. Whole-genome analysis of the strain showed that it consists of a circular chromosome of 4,350,227 bp with an overall GC content of 60.34%, of a 2,149,667 bp plasmid1 with 59.86% GC, and of a 406,180 bp plasmid2 with 58.05% GC. Genome annotation identified 4,349 putative protein-coding genes, 51 tRNAs, and 9 rRNAs. The CDSs number allocated to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Gene Ontology, and Clusters of Orthologous Genes databases were 2027, 3,175 and 3,849, respectively. Comparative genome analysis displayed that Rhizobium sp. WYJ-E13 possesses the collinear region among three species: Rhizobium acidisoli FH23, Rhizobium gallicum R602 and Rhizobium phaseoli R650. We recognized a total set of genes that are possibly related to plant growth promotion, including genes involved in nitrogen metabolism (nifU, gltA, gltB, gltD, glnA, glnD), hormone production (trp ABCDEFS), sulfur metabolism (cysD, cysE, cysK, cysN), phosphate metabolism (pstA, pstC, phoB, phoH, phoU), and root colonization. Collectively, these findings revealed the roles of WYJ-E13 strain in plant growth-promotion. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study using whole-genome sequencing for Rhizobium sp. WYJ-E13 associated with C. wenyujin. WYJ-E13 strain has a high potential to be used as Curcuma biofertilizer for sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhanghui Zeng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhehao Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaxiu Tong
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenjing He
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Taihe Xiang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang M, Li R, Yang M, Zhou A, Wu H, Li Z, Wu H. Discovering the potential active ingredients of Qi-Yu-San-Long decoction for anti-oxidation, inhibition of non-small cell lung cancer based on the spectrum-effect relationship combined with chemometric methods. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:989139. [PMID: 36339563 PMCID: PMC9627220 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.989139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Qi-Yu-San-Long decoction (QYSLD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, consisting of ten types of herbal medicine which has significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the bioactive ingredients of QYSLD remain unclear, due to their “multi-ingredients” and “multi-targets” features. This study aimed to construct a spectrum-effect correlation analysis model and screen the potential active components of QYSLD. A fingerprint method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) was developed and validated to obtain seventy common peaks of ten batches of QYSLD. The results of methodological evaluation, including precision, repeatability and stability, were less than 8.19%. In terms of linearity, eleven common components did not reach the linear standard (R2 < 0.99), they were removed before spectrum-effect relationship analysis. After treated with ten batches of QYSLD, the results of DPPH and FRAP assays ranged from 1.59 to 5.50 mg mL−1 and 143.83–873.83 μmol L−1, respectively. Meanwhile, the cell viabilities of A549 cells treated with QYSLD samples ranged from 21.73% to 85.71%. The relative healing rates ranged from 21.50% to 44.46%. The number of migrated and invaded cells ranged from 12.00 to 68.67 and 7.67 to 27.00, respectively. Then, the potential active components of QYSLD were screened through spectrum-effect relationship constructed by grey correlation analysis (GRA), partial least squares regression (PLSR) and backpropagation neural network (BP-ANN). The results were as follow: 1) eight ingredients of QYSLD were relevant to DPPH free radical scavenging ability; 2) nine ingredients were relevant to FRAP; 3) six ingredients were relevant to inhibit the proliferation ability of A549 cells; 4) twenty-two ingredients were relevant to inhibit the horizontal migration ability; 5) five ingredients were relevant to inhibit the vertical migration ability; 6) twelve ingredients were relevant to inhibit the invasion ability. Confirmatory experiments showed that compared with the unscreened ingredients, the potential active ingredients screened by the spectrum-effect relationship had better antioxidant and anti-NSCLC effects. In general, this study found the potential active ingredients in QYSLD. Meanwhile, the established method provided a valuable reference model for the potential active ingredients of TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengwen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - An Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula & Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zegeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula & Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Major Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Education of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula & Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Huan Wu,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao S, Wu Y, Qian Y, Qian Y, Xue S, Chen J, Zeng Q, Gu M. Chemical profiling and identification of anti-osteoporosis chemical-markers of Cinnamomum cassia (L.) presl extracts using GC-MS and spectrum-activity analyses. Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1902-1906. [PMID: 36098221 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2123480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamomum cassia (L.) Presl (cinnamon), an important folk medicine is widely used to prevent osteoporosis for long time in China. Our study aimed to investigate the anti-osteoporosis activity and mechanisms of cinnamon extracts obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) and identify activity associated chemical components by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The cinnamon SFE exhibited superior anti-osteoporosis efficacy in an ovariectomised mice model to common alcohol extracts. It could induce calcified nodules and ALP activity, upregulate the mRNA expression of ALP, BMP-2, and RUNX2 in MC3T3-E1 cells. The major chemical classes of cinnamon extracts were alcohol esters (28.2%), and terpenes (16.1%). The spectrum-activity analysis indicated that the potential chemical-markers of extracts could be (E)-Cinnamaldehyde, γ-Sitosterol, and (Z, Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, which could induce the proliferation and ALP activity in MC3T3-E1 cells. Our study revealed the promising applications of the cinnamon SFE in prevention of osteoporosis, and identified its anti-osteoporosis associated compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yali Wu
- Hangzhou Linping Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yafang Qian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Xue
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyan Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghe Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mancang Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen R, Hu T, Wang M, Hu Y, Chen S, Wei Q, Yin X, Xie T. Functional characterization of key polyketide synthases by integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis on curcuminoid biosynthesis in Curcuma wenyujin. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:849-861. [PMID: 35572764 PMCID: PMC9079249 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf and tuber extracts of Curcuma wenyujin contain a mixture of curcuminoids. However, the curcuminoid constituents and their molecular mechanisms are poorly understood, and the relevant curcumin synthases remain unclear. In this study, we comprehensively compared the metabolite profiles of the leaf and tuber tissues of C. wenyujin. A total of 11 curcuminoid metabolites were identified and exhibited differentially changed contents in the leaf and tuber tissues. An integrated analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic data revealed the proposed biosynthesis pathway of curcuminoid. Two candidate type Ⅲ polyketide synthases (PKSs) were identified in the metabolically engineering yeasts, indicating that CwPKS1 and CwPKS2 maintained substrate and product specificities. Especially, CwPKS1 is the first type Ⅲ PKS identified to synthesize hydrogenated derivatives of curcuminoid, dihydrocurcumin and tetrehydrocurcumin. Interestingly, the substitution of the glycine at position 219 with aspartic acid (G219D mutant) resulted in the complete inactivation of CwPKS1. Our results provide the first comparative metabolome analysis of C. wenyujin and functionally identified type Ⅲ PKSs, giving valuable information for curcuminoids biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Tianyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Yuhan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Qiuhui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Xiaopu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Corresponding author. School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Tian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine from Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pang HQ, Zhou P, Meng XW, Yang H, Li Y, Xing XD, Wang HY, Yan FR, Li P, Gao W. An image-based fingerprint-efficacy screening strategy for uncovering active compounds with interactive effects in Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153911. [PMID: 35026505 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule (YDXNT) is a clinically effective herbal prescription used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Since Chinese medicines (CMs) exert their effects via a "multiple-components and multiple-targets" mode, discovery of the active compounds with interactive effects may contribute to reveal their mechanisms of action. PURPOSE This study aimed to establish an image-based fingerprint-efficacy screening strategy to identify active compounds with interaction effects from CM prescription, using YDXNT to inhibit microglia-mediated neuroinflammation as an instance. METHODS A multi-component random content-oriented chemical library of YDXNT was constructed by uniform design, and their chemical fingerprint was profiled by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods. Then the neuroinflammation activities of chemical library members of YDXNT were determined by image-based dual phenotypic quantification. Subsequently, fingerprint-efficacy correlation and random forest analysis were applied to predict the potentially active compounds with interactive effects. Finally, the interactive effects among the active compounds were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and apoptosis analysis, and network pharmacology was applied to explore the possible mechanisms. RESULTS Image-based fingerprint-efficacy correlation analysis revealed that six tanshinones (TNs) and four flavonoids (FAs) were potential anti-neuroinflammatory compounds. The inter-family of TNs and FAs possessed obvious interactive effects (combination index ≤ 0.825). Moreover, the combination of scutellarein and tanshinone I (2:1, w/w) was discovered as the possible interactive combinatorial components, which, comparing with individual scutellarein or tanshinone I, shown more powerful effects on anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 cells. Network pharmacology showed that the active compounds might suppress microglia-mediated neuroinflammation via multiple targets in the T cell receptor, Jak-STAT, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. CONCLUSION The image-based fingerprint-efficacy strategy simplifies the screening process of efficacious component combinations in CMs for complex diseases, which also offers a promising approach to explore the integrative therapeutic mechanisms of CMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Qing Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xu-Dong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang-Rong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Screening of Potential Thrombin and Factor Xa Inhibitors from the Danshen-Chuanxiong Herbal Pair through a Spectrum-Effect Relationship Analysis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237293. [PMID: 34885877 PMCID: PMC8658787 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study; a spectrum–effect relationship analysis combined with a high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis was established to screen and identify active components that can inhibit thrombin and factor Xa (THR and FXa) in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma–Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Danshen–Chuanxiong) herbal pair. Ten potential active compounds were predicted through a canonical correlation analysis (CCA), and eight of them were tentatively identified through an LC–MS analysis. Furthermore; the enzyme inhibitory activity of six available compounds; chlorogenic acid; Z-ligustilide; caffeic acid; ferulic acid; tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA; were tested to verify the feasibility of the method. Among them; chlorogenic acid was validated to possess a good THR inhibitory activity with IC50 of 185.08 µM. Tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA are potential FXa inhibitors with IC50 of 112.59 µM and 138.19 µM; respectively. Meanwhile; molecular docking results show that tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA; which both have binding energies of less than −7.0 kcal·mol−1; can interact with FXa by forming H-bonds with residues of SER214; GLY219 and GLN192. In short; the THR and FXa inhibitors in the Danshen–Chuanxiong herbal pair have been successfully characterized through a spectrum–effect relationship analysis and an LC–MS analysis.
Collapse
|
13
|
Li S, Zhang Y, Yang P, Tong M, Xing L, Zhang Q, Bi K, Li Q. An Integrated Mutually Oriented "Chemical Profiling-Pharmaceutical Effect" Strategy for Screening Discriminating Markers of Underlying Hepatoprotective Effects to Distinguish Garden-Cultivated from Mountain-Cultivated Ginseng. Molecules 2021; 26:5456. [PMID: 34576927 PMCID: PMC8466359 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Garden-cultivated Ginseng (GG) and mountain-cultivated Ginseng (MG) both belong to Panax Ginseng C. A. Meyer. However, the effective substances which can be used to distinguish GG from MG remain obscure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to screen for discriminating markers that can assist in the correct identification of GG and MG. HPLC Q-TOF/MS and various chemometrics methods were used to analyze the chemical profiles of 13 batches of Ginseng and to explore the characteristic constituents of both GG and MG. The hepatocyte-protecting effects of GG and MG were investigated through a paclitaxel-induced liver injury model. Through a combination of correlation analysis and bioinformatic techniques, markers for differentiation between GG and MG were ascertained. A total of 40 and 41 compounds were identified in GG and MG, respectively, and 15 characteristic ingredients contributed significantly to the discrimination of GG from MG. Correlation analysis and network pharmacology were applied and ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rg3 were found to be discriminating markers of GG and MG. Six markers for the identification of GG and MG were screened out by a step-wise mutually oriented "chemical profiling-pharmaceutical effect" correlation strategy, which is of great significance for future quality assessment of Ginseng products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (S.L.); (Y.Z.); (P.Y.); (M.T.); (L.X.); (Q.Z.); (K.B.)
| |
Collapse
|