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Saugandhika S, Sapra L, Kumari K, Srivastava RK. High Salt Diet Impairs Male Fertility in Mice via Modulating the Skeletal Homeostasis. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3339-3352. [PMID: 37322320 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Male reproductive functions and bone health are both adversely affected by the high salt diet (HSD). Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism via which it alters the sperm function remains largely unknown. This study examines the mechanism by which HSD affects male fertility by impairing bone health. For investigating the same, male BALB/c mice were categorized into three groups-HSD group (fed with 4% NaCl), a low salt diet (LSD) group (fed with 0.4% NaCl), and a control group (fed with a normal diet) for 6 weeks and thereafter assessed for various sperm parameters, bone turnover markers, and testosterone levels. Furthermore, the quantitative assessment of testosterone biosynthesis enzymes was performed. Interestingly, we observed that mice fed with HSD showed significant alterations in sperm parameters-motility, count, and vitality, including morphological changes compared to both the LSD and the control groups. In addition, serum analysis showed an increase in bone resorption markers and a decrease in bone formation markers in the HSD group (p < 0.05). Further, HSD caused a decrease in the testosterone level and mRNA expression of testosterone biosynthesis enzymes. Importantly, a significant decrease in bone formation marker osteocalcin (OC) was observed to coincide with the dip in testosterone level in the HSD group. Given that OC plays a key role in maintaining male fertility, the above findings suggest that a decrease in OC levels may affect the testosterone biosynthesis pathway, reducing testosterone hormone secretion and thereby resulting in decreased spermatogenesis. The study for the first time delineates and bridges the mechanism of HSD-mediated bone loss (results in a deficiency of OC) with decreased testosterone biosynthesis and thus impaired male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrabani Saugandhika
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Leena Sapra
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Kiran Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Rupesh K Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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2
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Dantas MRT, Souza-Junior JBF, Castelo TDS, Lago AEDA, Silva AR. Understanding how environmental factors influence reproductive aspects of wild myomorphic and hystricomorphic rodents. Anim Reprod 2021; 18:e20200213. [PMID: 33936293 PMCID: PMC8078862 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myomorphic and hystricomorphic rodents are vital for maintaining various ecosystems around the planet. This review enables a better understanding of how these rodents respond to environmental factors and adapt to climate adversities. Innumerable factors, such as photoperiod, rainfall, and temperature, can impair or contribute to the quality of rodent reproductive parameters. Prolonged animal exposure to high ambient temperatures alters thermoregulation mechanisms and causes testicular and ovarian tissue degeneration and hormonal deregulation. Photoperiod influences the biological circannual rhythm and reproductive cycles of rodents because it strongly regulates melatonin secretion by the pineal gland, which modulates gonadotropic hormone secretion. Rainfall quantity directly regulates the abundance of fruits in an ecosystem, which modulates the reproductive seasonality of species which are most dependent on a seasonal fruit-based diet. Species with a more diversified fruit diet have smaller reproductive seasonality. As such, habitats are chosen by animals for various reasons, including the availability of food, sexual partners, intra-and inter-specific competition, and predation. This knowledge allows us to monitor and establish management plans to aid in conservation strategies for wild rodent species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Roberto Tavares Dantas
- Laboratório de Conservação de Germoplasma Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido - UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | | | - Thibério de Souza Castelo
- Laboratório de Biometeorologia e Biofísica Ambiental, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido - UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | - Arthur Emannuel de Araújo Lago
- Laboratório de Conservação de Germoplasma Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido - UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Rodrigues Silva
- Laboratório de Conservação de Germoplasma Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido - UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
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3
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Abdelnour SA, Abd El-Hack ME, Noreldin AE, Batiha GE, Beshbishy AM, Ohran H, Khafaga AF, Othman SI, Allam AA, Swelum AA. High Salt Diet Affects the Reproductive Health in Animals: An Overview. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040590. [PMID: 32244412 PMCID: PMC7222834 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple summary Halophytic plants are a promising animal feed source. However, the extreme NaCl2 salt content constraints their use. Excess diet salt adversely affects growth performance and animal’s reproduction worldwide. This review focuses on the impact of high salt intake on growth performance and reproduction ability in animals. Abstract Salinity is a reliable issue of crop productivity loss in the world and in certain tropical and subtropical zones. However, tremendous progress in the genetic improvement of plants for salinity tolerance has been made over several decades. In light of this, halophytic plants can be used as animal feeds and have promising features because they are a good feed resource. However, the main constraint of saline pasture systems is the extreme concentration of NaCl salt in drinking water and forage plants for grazing animals. Ecological reports revealed that excess diet salt causes mortality and morbidity worldwide. Animal fed halophytic forages may have adverse effects on growth performance and reproductive function in males and females due to inducing reductions in hormone regulation, such as testosterone, FSH, LH, and leptin. It was indicated that high salt intake promotes circulating inflammatory factors in the placenta and is associated with adversative effects on pregnancy. This review focuses on the scientific evidence related to the effect of high salt intake on growth performance, spermatogenesis, sperm function, and testicular morphology changes in male animals. In addition, the review will also focus on its effect on some female reproductive features (e.g., ovarian follicle developments, placental indices, and granulosa cell function).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A. Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Ahmed E. Noreldin
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Gaber Elsaber Batiha
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, 080-8555, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; (G.E.B.); (A.M.B.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Amani Magdy Beshbishy
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, 080-8555, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; (G.E.B.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Husein Ohran
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 90, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Asmaa F. Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt;
| | - Sarah I. Othman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed A. Allam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef, 65211 Egypt;
| | - Ayman A. Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (AAS);
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Hart DW, Alharbi YS, Bennett NC, Schoeman KS, Amor NM, Mohammed OB, Alagaili AN. Shedding light on the role of photoperiod, rainfall and ambient temperature on the breeding physiology of male Lesser Egyptian jerboa (
Jaculus jaculus
) from central Saudi Arabia. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. W. Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - Y. S. Alharbi
- KSU Mammals Research Chair Department of Zoology King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - N. C. Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
- KSU Mammals Research Chair Department of Zoology King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - K. S. Schoeman
- Department of Zoology and Entomology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - N. M. Amor
- KSU Mammals Research Chair Department of Zoology King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - O. B Mohammed
- KSU Mammals Research Chair Department of Zoology King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - A. N. Alagaili
- KSU Mammals Research Chair Department of Zoology King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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Leitolis A, Crestani S, Linder ÁE, da Silva-Santos JE. High-Salt Intake Reduces Apomorphine-Induced Penile Erection and Increases Neurally Mediated Contractile Responses of the Cavernosal Smooth Muscle in Rats. Am J Hypertens 2019; 32:1206-1213. [PMID: 31584631 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpz142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to evaluate whether overconsumption of NaCl, a well-known risk factor for hypertension, leads to erectile dysfunction in rodents. METHODS Male Wistar rats received regular chow (control group) or 4% NaCl chow for 24 weeks and were subjected to blood pressure measurement and apomorphine-induced erection. Moreover, cavernosal strips from both the control and 4% NaCl groups were evaluated in organ baths. RESULTS Animals subjected to 4% NaCl chow did not develop hypertension but presented a significant reduction in the total number of erections following apomorphine administration as compared with the control group. The addition of high KCl or phenylephrine resulted in similar contractile responses in the corpus cavernosal strips from both the control and 4% NaCl groups. However, electrical field stimulation-induced contraction was significantly enhanced in cavernosal strips from animals exposed to 4% NaCl. Incubation of Y-27632, but not of atropine and Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), entirely prevented the potentiation of the contractile responses evoked by electrical stimulation. The enhanced contractile responses evoked by electrical stimulation found in the high-salt group were also avoided in the absence of extracellular calcium. Concentration-response curves of CaCl2 revealed augmented contractility in response to extracellular calcium in cavernosal strips from the 4% NaCl-treated rats, compared with control samples. CONCLUSIONS A high-salt diet alone rendered the animals less responsive to apomorphine-induced penile erection and enhanced neurally mediated contractile responses in the corpus cavernosum, a clear indication that overconsumption of sodium can lead to erectile dysfunction even without the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Leitolis
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Sandra Crestani
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Áurea Elizabeth Linder
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo da Silva-Santos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Hart D, Alghamdi A, Bennett N, Mohammed O, Amor N, Alagaili A. The pattern of reproduction in the Libyan jird (Meriones libycus; Rodentia: Muridae) from central Saudi Arabia in the absence of rainfall. CAN J ZOOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2017-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive pattern of the Libyan jird (Meriones libycus Lichtenstein, 1823) from central Saudi Arabia was investigated in the absence of rainfall. In this study, body mass, morphometry of the reproductive tract, the histology of the reproductive organs, and the hormone concentrations of males and females were studied over 12 consecutive months in a wild population of the Libyan jird from central Saudi Arabia. Previous studies have found the breeding season of the Libyan jird from the Sahara desert of Algeria to occur during the wet months of spring. In the absence of rainfall, temperature and photoperiod were found to be important activators of reproductive activity. The cooler temperatures and shorter days of winter triggered the onset of ovulation in females and increased testes size and seminiferous tubule diameter in males. Only two pregnancies were found during the sampling period, which occurred during the cooler winter and early spring and coincided with a rise in plasma progesterone concentration in females. The Libyan jird was found to shift its breeding to the cooler months of winter in the absence of rainfall. This study strengthens the findings that changes in rainfall and temperature in dry deserts are critical cues for the onset of reproduction in small mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.W. Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - A.A. Alghamdi
- KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N.C. Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - O.B. Mohammed
- KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N.M. Amor
- KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A.N. Alagaili
- KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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High salt diet decreases reproductive performance in rams and down-regulates gene expression of some components of the renin-angiotensin system in the testis. Theriogenology 2018; 107:127-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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8
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de Bruin PR, Ganswindt A, Bennett NC, Medger K. The pattern of ovulation in the southern African spiny mouse (Acomys spinosissimus). Mamm Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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9
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Abstract
Producers have the possibility to combat human-induced dryland salinity by planting salt-tolerant plants such as saltbush. Saltbush has the potential to be used as a source of food for livestock at a time and place where pasture is not viable. However, saltbush contains high concentrations of sodium chloride salt and some other anti-nutritional factors that have the potential to affect feed and water intake and, directly or indirectly, the reproductive capacity of sheep. High-salt diet during gestation induces a small modification of the activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that has an important role in the maintenance of the salt-water balance in non-pregnant and pregnant sheep. In contrast, the main effect of salt ingestion during pregnancy is observed on the biology of the offspring, with changes in the response of the RAS to salt ingestion and altered thirst threshold in response to an oral salt ingestion. These changes, observed later in life, are the result of fetal programming following the ingestion of salt by the mother. It seems that the exposure to salt during pregnancy could provide an advantage to the offspring because of this adaptive response. The response may be particularly useful, for example, when grazing herbivores are fed halophytic forages adapted to saline soils.
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10
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Bukovetzky E, Schwimmer H, Fares F, Haim A. Photoperiodicity and increasing salinity as environmental cues for reproduction in desert adapted rodents. Horm Behav 2012; 61:84-90. [PMID: 22067261 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the ways environmental signals, regulate reproduction and reproductive behavior of desert adapted rodents is a major gap in our knowledge. In this study, we assessed the roles of photoperiod and diet salinity, as signals for reproduction. We challenged desert adapted common spiny mice, Acomys cahirinus, males and females with osmotic stress, by gradually increasing salinity in their water source - from 0.9% to 5% NaCl under short and long days (SD and LD, respectively). Photoperiodicity affected testosterone levels, as under LD-acclimation, levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher than under SD-acclimation. Salinity treatment (ST) significantly reduced SD-acclimated male body mass (W(b)) and testis mass (p<0.005; normalized to W(b)). ST-LD-females significantly (p<0.005) decreased progesterone levels and the numbers of estrous cycles. A reduction in white adipose tissue (WAT) to an undetectable level was noted in ST-mice of both sexes under both photoperiod regimes. Receptors for vasopressin (VP) and aldosterone were revealed on testes of all male groups and on WAT in control groups. Our results suggest that photoperiod serves as an initial signal while water availability, expressed by increased salinity in the water source, is an ultimate cue for regulation of reproduction, in both sexes of desert-adapted A. cahirinus. We assume that environmental changes also affect behavior, as water seeking behavior by selecting food items, or locomotor activity may change in extreme environment, and thus indirectly affect reproduction and reproductive behavior. The existence of VP and aldosterone receptors in the gonads and WAT suggests the involvement of osmoregulatory hormones in reproductive control of desert adapted rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bukovetzky
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel.
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11
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Medger K, Chimimba CT, Bennett NC. Reproductive photoresponsiveness in male spiny mice from
S
outh
A
frica. J Zool (1987) 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00872.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Medger
- Department of Zoology and Entomology Mammal Research Institute (MRI) University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - C. T. Chimimba
- Department of Zoology and Entomology Mammal Research Institute (MRI) University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
- Department of Zoology and Entomology DST‐NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - N. C. Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology Mammal Research Institute (MRI) University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
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12
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Medger K, Chimimba CT, Bennett NC. Seasonal reproduction in the female spiny mouse from South Africa. J Zool (1987) 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2010.00726.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Bronson FH. Climate change and seasonal reproduction in mammals. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2010; 364:3331-40. [PMID: 19833645 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal reproduction is common among mammals at all latitudes, even in the deep tropics. This paper (i) discusses the neuroendocrine pathways via which foraging conditions and predictive cues such as photoperiod enforce seasonality, (ii) considers the kinds of seasonal challenges mammals actually face in natural habitats, and (iii) uses the information thus generated to suggest how seasonal reproduction might be influenced by global climate change. Food availability and ambient temperature determine energy balance, and variation in energy balance is the ultimate cause of seasonal breeding in all mammals and the proximate cause in many. Photoperiodic cueing is common among long-lived mammals from the highest latitudes down to the mid-tropics. It is much less common in shorter lived mammals at all latitudes. An unknown predictive cue triggers reproduction in some desert and dry grassland species when it rains. The available information suggests that as our climate changes the small rodents of the world may adapt rather easily but the longer lived mammals whose reproduction is regulated by photoperiod may not do so well. A major gap in our knowledge concerns the tropics; that is where most species live and where we have the least understanding of how reproduction is regulated by environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Bronson
- Section of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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