1
|
Putera HD, Doewes RI, Shalaby MN, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Clayton ZS, Abdelbasset WK, Murtazaev SS, Jalil AT, Rahimi P, Nattagh-Eshtivani E, Malekahmadi M, Pahlavani N. The effect of conjugated linoleic acids on inflammation, oxidative stress, body composition and physical performance: a comprehensive review of putative molecular mechanisms. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:35. [PMID: 37644566 PMCID: PMC10466845 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00758-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are polyunsaturated fatty acids primarily found in dairy products and ruminant animal products such as beef, lamb, and butter. Supplementation of CLAs has recently become popular among athletes due to the variety of health-promoting effects, including improvements in physical performance. Preclinical and some clinical studies have shown that CLAs can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress and favorably modulate body composition and physical performance; however, the results of previously published clinical trials are mixed. Here, we performed a comprehensive review of previously published clinical trials that assessed the role of CLAs in modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, body composition, and select indices of physical performance, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms governing these changes. The findings of our review demonstrate that the effect of supplementation with CLAs on inflammation and oxidative stress is controversial, but this supplement can decrease body fat mass and increase physical performance. Future well-designed randomized clinical trials are warranted to determine the effectiveness of (1) specific doses of CLAs; (2) different dosing durations of CLAs; (3) various CLA isomers, and the exact molecular mechanisms by which CLAs positively influence oxidative stress, inflammation, body composition, and physical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Husna Dharma Putera
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Rumi Iqbal Doewes
- Faculty of Sport, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami, 36A, Kentingan, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Azogues, Ecuador
| | - Zachary S Clayton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Saidmurodkhon S Murtazaev
- Department of Therapeutic Pediatric Dentistry, Dean of the Faculty of International Education, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific Affairs, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur Street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
| | - Pegah Rahimi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elyas Nattagh-Eshtivani
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Malekahmadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naseh Pahlavani
- Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat-e Heydariyeh, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Du Z, Wang J, Wang Q, Zheng Y, Niu L, Hao C, Xue D, Zhang Y. Association between trans fatty acids and COVID-19: A multivariate Mendelian randomization study. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28455. [PMID: 36597904 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Traditional observational studies have suggested a potential association between trans fatty acids (TFAs), which are considered to be health-damaging fatty acids, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, whether there is a causal relationship between them is currently unclear. We aimed to investigate the causal link between genetically determined TFAs and COVID-19. We performed univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) studies using summary statistics from the European Pedigree TFAs (n = 8013), COVID-19 susceptibility (n = 159 840), COVID-19 hospitalization (n = 44 986), and COVID-19 severity (n = 18 152) genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary MR analysis, and several other methods were used as supplements. In univariate MR analysis, higher levels of circulating trans, cis-18:2 TFAs were positively associated with a higher COVID-19 hospitalization rate (p < 0.0033; odds ratio [OR] = 1.637; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.116-2.401) and COVID-19 severity (p < 0.0033; OR = 2.575; 95% CI: 1.412-4.698). Furthermore, in multivariate MR analysis, trans, cis-18:2 had an independent and significant causal association with a higher COVID-19 hospitalization rate (p = 0.00044; OR = 1.862; 95% CI = 1.316-2.636) and COVID-19 severity (p = 0.0016; OR = 2.268; 95% CI = 1.361-3.779) after the five TFAs were adjusted for each other. Together, our findings provide evidence that trans, cis-18:2 TFAs have an independent and robust causal effect on COVID-19 hospitalization and severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuxu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiwei Du
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, National Health Commission & Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Le Niu
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chenjun Hao
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongbo Xue
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Villalpando DM, Rojas MM, García HS, Ferrer M. Dietary docosahexaenoic acid supplementation prevents the formation of cholesterol oxidation products in arteries from orchidectomized rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185805. [PMID: 28968462 PMCID: PMC5624632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Testosterone deficiency has been correlated with increased cardiovascular diseases, which in turn has been associated with increased oxidative stress. Several studies have considered cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) as oxidative stress biomarkers, since some of them play pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory roles. We have previously described the cardioprotective effects of a dosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplemented diet on the aortic and mesenteric artery function of orchidectomized rats. The aim of this study was to investigate whether impaired gonadal function alters the formation of COPs, as well as the potential preventive role of a DHA-supplemented diet on that effect. For this purpose, aortic and mesenteric artery segments obtained from control and orchidectomized rats, fed with a standard or supplemented with DHA, were used. The content of the following COPs: 7α-hydroxycholesterol, 7β-hydroxycholesterol, 7-ketocholesterol, 5,6α-epoxycholesterol, 5,6β-epoxycholesterol, cholestanetriol and 25-hydroxycholesterol, were analyzed by gas chromatography. The results showed that orchidectomy increased the formation of COPs in arteries from orchidectomized rats, which may participate in the orchidectomy-induced structural and functional vascular alterations already reported. The fact that the DHA-supplemented diet prevented the orchidectomy-induced COPs increase confirms the cardiovascular protective actions of DHA, which could be of special relevance in mesenteric arterial bed, since it importantly controls the systemic vascular resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diva M. Villalpando
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mibsam M. Rojas
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Veracruz, México
| | - Hugo S. García
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Veracruz, México
- * E-mail: (MF); (HSG)
| | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (MF); (HSG)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bentrad N, Gaceb-Terrak R, Rahmania F. Identification and evaluation of antibacterial agents present in lipophilic fractions isolated from sub-products of Phoenix dactilyfera. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2544-2548. [PMID: 28403631 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1314282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the dried powder of seeds and pollen of Phoenix dactylifera was extracted using Soxhlet extractor and biochemical composition of lipophilic extracts was analysed by GCMS. Then, we have tested the antibacterial effect of fatty acids and volatile compounds found in these sub-products. The results revealed that the main fatty acids found in Deglet Nour seeds is are oleic acid (42.06%) followed by capric acid (24.16%), Takerbucht seeds extract contains mostly oleic acid (40.59%) and palmitic acid (20.19%), while Bent Kbala seed extract is rich in cis-vaccenic acid (52.09%) followed by capric acid (16.71%). Pollen extract have shown for the first time the richness in 14-methyl palmitic acid (33.31%), linoleic acid (31.16%) and linolenic acid (25.78%). Some of these elements seem to have a significant effect against some pathogenic bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najla Bentrad
- a Laboratory Research on Arid Zones, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms (BPO) , University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB) , Bab Ezzouar , Algeria
| | - Rabéa Gaceb-Terrak
- a Laboratory Research on Arid Zones, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms (BPO) , University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB) , Bab Ezzouar , Algeria
| | - Fatma Rahmania
- a Laboratory Research on Arid Zones, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biology and Physiology of Organisms (BPO) , University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB) , Bab Ezzouar , Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid worsens renal pathology and alters cyclooxygenase derived oxylipins in obesity-associated nephropathy. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:130-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
6
|
Rodrigues R, Soares J, Garcia H, Nascimento C, Medeiros M, Bomfim M, Medeiros MC, Queiroga R. Goat milk fat naturally enriched with conjugated linoleic acid increased lipoproteins and reduced triacylglycerol in rats. Molecules 2014; 19:3820-31. [PMID: 24662092 PMCID: PMC6271283 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19033820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Goat milk is source of different lipids, including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). CLA reduces body fat and protect against cardiovascular diseases. In the present study fat from goat milk naturally enriched with CLA was used. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups that received during a 10 week diet with different lipid sources: soybean oil (CON), coconut oil (CO) and goat milk fat naturally enriched with CLA (GM-CLA). We evaluated the effects of a GM-CLA on biochemistry parameters - high density lipoprotein (HDL), triacylglycerol (TAG), TAG/HDL ratio, total cholesterol and glucose -, body weight and histopathological aspects of the intestine and liver. GM-CLA increased body weight from the second to the fifth week of the experiment compared to CON. Feed intake differed between the CON group and GM-CLA early in the first to third week of the experiments and later between the ninth and tenth week. The CLA-diet group showed increased levels of HDL, reduced levels of TAG and TAG/HDL ratio and no effect on LDL, but enhanced total cholesterol. Serum glucose of the GM-CLA group showed no difference from the control group. Thus, a GM-CLA diet promoted growth in young rats and acted as protector of cardiovascular function, but further studies are still needed to clarify these effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaela Rodrigues
- Departament of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité 58175-000, PB, Brazil
| | - Juliana Soares
- Departament of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité 58175-000, PB, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Garcia
- Departament of Morfology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Claudenice Nascimento
- Escola Técnica de Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Maria Medeiros
- Departament of Physiology and Pathology, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Marco Bomfim
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, EMBRAPA Caprinos e Ovinos, Sobral 62010-970, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Carmo Medeiros
- Departament of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | - Rita Queiroga
- Departament of Nutrition, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Siriwardhana N, Kalupahana NS, Cekanova M, LeMieux M, Greer B, Moustaid-Moussa N. Modulation of adipose tissue inflammation by bioactive food compounds. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:613-23. [PMID: 23498665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Revised: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue has an important endocrine function in the regulation of whole-body metabolism. Obesity leads to a chronic low-grade inflammation of the adipose tissue, which disrupts this endocrine function and results in metabolic derangements, such as type-2 diabetes. Dietary bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols and certain fatty acids, are known to suppress both systemic and adipose tissue inflammation and have the potential to improve these obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Mechanistically, polyphenolic compounds including non-flavonoids, such as curcumin and resveratrol, and flavonoids, such as catechins (tea-polyphenols), quercetin and isoflavones, suppress nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases (MAPK) pathways while activating the 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in adipose tissue. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), such as oleic acid, also impart anti-inflammatory effects through several mechanisms. These include activation of AMPK and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), as well as suppression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NF-κB pathway. This review discusses the major molecular mechanisms of dietary polyphenols and fatty acids, alone or in combination, which are responsible for adipose tissue-associated anti-inflammatory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nalin Siriwardhana
- Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1240, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Basak S, Duttaroy AK. cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid stimulates expression of angiopoietin like-4 in the placental extravillous trophoblast cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1831:834-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
9
|
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has drawn significant attention in the last two decades for its variety of biologically beneficial effects. CLA reduces body fat, cardiovascular diseases and cancer, and modulates immune and inflammatory responses as well as improves bone mass. It has been suggested that the overall effects of CLA are the results of interactions between two major isomers, cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12. This review will primarily focus on current CLA publications involving humans, which are also summarized in the tables. Along with a number of beneficial effects of CLA, there are safety considerations for CLA supplementation in humans, which include effects on liver functions, milk fat depression, glucose metabolism, and oxidative stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison Dilzer
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst , MA 01003, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Romero-Sarmiento Y, Soto-Rodríguez I, Arzaba-Villalba A, García HS, Alexander-Aguilera A. Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on oxidative stress in rats with sucrose-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Funct Foods 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2011.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
|