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Eshak ES, Baba S, Yatsuya H, Iso H, Hirakawa Y, Mahfouz EM, Chifa C, Sakaniwa R, El-Khateeb AS. Work and Family Conflicts, Depression, and "Ikigai": A Mediation Analysis in a Cross-cultural Study Between Japanese and Egyptian Civil Workers. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:360-366. [PMID: 35153274 PMCID: PMC10257991 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20210338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total work-family conflicts (TWFCs) could associate with mental health, and having ikigai (a purpose of life) may mediate this association. METHODS In a cross-cultural study of 4,792 Japanese Aichi Workers' Cohort study participants and 3,109 Egyptian civil workers, the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) questionnaire measured TWFCs and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) 11-item scale measured depression. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of having depression and a high-ikigai across levels of TWFCs (low, moderate, and high), and the PROCESS macro of Hayes to test the mediation effect. RESULTS The prevalence of high TWFCs, depression, and having a high ikigai were 17.9%, 39.4%, and 70.1% in Japanese women, 10.5%, 26.8%, and 70.1% in Japanese men, 23.7%, 58.2%, and 24.7% in Egyptian women, and 19.1%, 38.9%, and 36.9% in Egyptian men, respectively. Compared with participants with low TWFCs, the multivariable ORs of depression in Japanese women and men with high TWFCs were 4.11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.99-5.65) and 5.42 (95% CI, 4.18-7.02), and those in Egyptian women and men were 4.43 (95% CI, 3.30-5.95) and 4.79 (95% CI, 3.53-6.48), respectively. The respective ORs of having a high-ikigai were 0.46 (95% CI, 0.33-0.64) and 0.40 (95% CI, 0.31-0.52) in Japanese women and men and were 0.34 (95% CI, 0.24-0.48) and 0.28 (95% CI, 0.20-0.39) in Egyptian women and men. No interaction between TWFCs and country was observed for the associations with depression or ikigai. Ikigai mediated (up to 18%) the associations between the TWFCs and depression, especially in Egyptian civil workers. CONCLUSION TWFCs were associated with depression, and having low ikigai mediated these associations in Japanese and Egyptian civil workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Sachiko Baba
- Bioethics and Public Policy, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health and Health System, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Yoshihisa Hirakawa
- Department of Public Health and Health System, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
| | - Eman M Mahfouz
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
| | - Chiang Chifa
- Department of Public Health and Health System, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
| | - Ryoto Sakaniwa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
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da Silva FMO, Longo GZ, de Camargo AM, Fiates GMR, Pessoa MC. Neighborhood factors associated with leisure-time physical activity in a Brazilian city. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6827730. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
The purpose of this study was to estimate the association between environmental variables and leisure-time physical activity levels in an adult population of a medium-sized city in Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 965 adults (20–59 years). Individual, socioeconomic, demographic and behavioral data were obtained through a population-based survey. Environmental data were collected through direct observation and subsequently georeferenced. The outcome variable was leisure-time physical activity level, dichotomized as insufficiently active (<150 min/week) and active (≥150 min/week). Physical activity-related facilities were categorized as public or private, and food outlets as healthy, unhealthy or mixed. Monthly per capita income and crime rate by census tract were used to categorize the social environment. Statistical analysis was performed using binary logistic regression (generalized estimating equation models). A direct association was found between the availability of public (adjusted OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.44–3.25) and private (adjusted OR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.02–1.44) physical activity facilities in the census tract and leisure-time physical activity. A greater availability of mixed food establishments was associated with higher leisure-time physical activity levels (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.004–1.22). Environmental characteristics can contribute together to leisure-time physical activity and could be the focus of policies aimed at promoting physical activity in middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Maria Oliveira da Silva
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa , Ed. Biological Sciences Center II University Campus, s/nº, CEP: 36570.900, Viçosa, MG , Brazil
| | - Giana Zarbato Longo
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina , Health Sciences Center. University Campus, Trindade, CEP: 88040-970 , Florianópolis, SC , Brazil
| | - Anice Milbratz de Camargo
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina , Health Sciences Center. University Campus, Trindade, CEP: 88040-970 , Florianópolis, SC , Brazil
| | - Giovanna Medeiros Rataichesck Fiates
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina , Health Sciences Center. University Campus, Trindade, CEP: 88040-970 , Florianópolis, SC , Brazil
| | - Milene Cristine Pessoa
- Nursing Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais , Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190. Santa Efigênia, CEP: 30130100, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil
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Akinci ZS, Delclòs-Alió X, Vich G, Salvo D, Ibarluzea J, Miralles-Guasch C. How different are objective operationalizations of walkability for older adults compared to the general population? A systematic review. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:673. [PMID: 35971086 PMCID: PMC9377138 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Walking is an essential activity for everyone and for older adults in particular, given that it is the most accessible form of physical activity and one of the healthiest transportation modes. Understanding how walkability (the potential of the environment to enable and/or encourage walking) has been objectively measured and analyzed for older adults is critical to create more inclusive, healthy, and sustainable environments and to promote healthy aging. Despite the numerous reviews on physical activity among older adults and its relationship with the built environment, the literature still lacks comparison reviews focusing specifically on objective operationalizations of walkability for older adults vs. the general population. Methods We conducted a systematic review of 146 empirical studies that measured walkability objectively in relation to walking-related outcomes. We compared studies focused on older adults (n = 24) and the general population (n = 122). Content analysis included the characteristics of the study design, walkability measures, spatial extent, and associations found between walkability and walking-related outcomes. Results In both groups of publications, the majority of studies were conducted in the US, Canada, and Europe, and largely in high-income countries. They were mostly published in health-related journals and used cross-sectional designs, operationalized walkability by using indexes, employed self-reported measures for walking-related outcomes, and found positive associations between walkability and walking outcomes. However, we observed some differences among studies focusing on older adults. Compared to studies focusing on the general population, a larger proportion of studies on older adults was conducted in the Middle East and Asia, and they used longitudinal designs, mixed methods to measure walking-related outcomes, variables related with land-use characteristics, safety from traffic and crime, and greenery, and a larger proportion found positive, as well as no associations between walkability and walking-related outcomes. Conclusion Although there is a promising increase in interest in older adults-focused walkability studies in the last decade, there is still a need for more studies focusing on different settings, using wider spatial extents, longitudinal designs, objective or mixed methods to collect outcome data, and specific variables and/or specially created indexes for older adults and for settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03233-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep S Akinci
- Grup d'Estudis en Mobilitat, Transport i Territori (GEMOTT), Departament de Geografia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici B, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xavier Delclòs-Alió
- Grup de Recerca en Anàlisi Territorial i Estudis Turístics (GRATET), Departament de Geografia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Vila-seca, Spain
| | - Guillem Vich
- Grup d'Estudis en Mobilitat, Transport i Territori (GEMOTT), Departament de Geografia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici B, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,ISGlobal (Barcelona Institute for Global Health), Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Deborah Salvo
- People, Health and Place Unit; Prevention Research Center in St. Louis; Brown School; Washington University in St Louis , St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jesús Ibarluzea
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013, San Sebastian, Spain.,Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018, San Sebastian, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Carme Miralles-Guasch
- Grup d'Estudis en Mobilitat, Transport i Territori (GEMOTT), Departament de Geografia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici B, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona - Edifici ICTA-ICP, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Latief OKAE, Eshak ES, Mahfouz EM, Iso H, Yatsuya H, Sameh EM, Ghazawy ER, Baba S, Emam SA, El-Khateeb AS, Hassan EE. A comparative study of the work-family conflicts prevalence, their sociodemographic, family, and work attributes, and their relation to the self-reported health status in Japanese and Egyptian civil workers. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1490. [PMID: 35927641 PMCID: PMC9354292 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cross-cultural studies studying work-family conflicts (W_F_Cs) are scarce. We compared the prevalence of W_F_Cs, factors correlated with them, and their association with self-rated health between Japan and Egypt. Methods Among 4862 Japanese and 3111 Egyptian civil workers recruited by a convenience sample in 2018/2019 and reported self-rated health status, we assessed the W_F_Cs by the Midlife Development in the US (MIDUS) and attributed them to sociodemographic, family, and work variables. We also evaluated the W_F_Cs’ gender- and country-specific associations with self-rated health by logistic regression analyses. Results W_F_Cs were more prevalent in Egyptian than in Japanese women (23.7% vs. 18.2%) and men (19.1% vs. 10.5%), while poor self-rated health was more prevalent in Japanese than Egyptians (19.3% and 17.3% vs. 16.9% and 5.5%). Longer working hours, shift work, and overtime work were positively associated with stronger work-to-family conflict (WFC). Whereas being single was inversely associated with stronger family-to-work conflict (FWC). Living with children, fathers, or alone in Japan while education in Egypt was associated with these conflicts. The OR (95% CI) for poor self-reported health among those with the strong, in reference to weak total W_F_Cs, was 4.28 (2.91–6.30) and 6.01 (4.50–8.01) in Japanese women and men and was 2.46 (1.75–3.47) and 3.11 (1.67–5.80) in Egyptian women and men. Conclusions Japanese and Egyptian civil workers have different prevalence and correlated factors of W_F_Cs and self-rated health. W_F_Cs were associated in a dose–response pattern with poor-self-rated health of civil workers in both countries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13924-0.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehab Salah Eshak
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt. .,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Eman Mohamed Mahfouz
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health and Health System, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eman Mohamed Sameh
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Eman Ramadan Ghazawy
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Sachiko Baba
- Bioethics and Public Policy, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shimaa Anwer Emam
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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Lin CY, Koohsari MJ, Liao Y, Ishii K, Shibata A, Nakaya T, McCormack GR, Hadgraft N, Owen N, Oka K. Workplace neighbourhood built environment and workers' physically-active and sedentary behaviour: a systematic review of observational studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:148. [PMID: 33218343 PMCID: PMC7678125 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many desk-based workers can spend more than half of their working hours sitting, with low levels of physical activity. Workplace neighbourhood built environment may influence workers’ physical activities and sedentary behaviours on workdays. We reviewed and synthesised evidence from observational studies on associations of workplace neighbourhood attributes with domain-specific physical activity and sedentary behaviour and suggested research priorities for improving the quality of future relevant studies. Methods Published studies were obtained from nine databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, Transport Research International Documentation, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Embase, and CINAHL) and crosschecked by Google Scholar. Observational studies with quantitative analyses estimating associations between workplace neighbourhood built environment attributes and workers’ physical activity or sedentary behaviour were included. Studies were restricted to those published in English language peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to 2019. Results A total of 55 studies and 455 instances of estimated associations were included. Most instances of potential associations of workplace neighbourhood built environment attributes with total or domain-specific (occupational, transport, and recreational) physical activity were non-significant. However, destination-related attributes (i.e., longer distances from workplace to home and access to car parking) were positively associated with transport-related sedentary behaviour (i.e., car driving). Conclusions The findings reinforce the case for urban design policies on designing mixed-use neighbourhoods where there are opportunities to live closer to workplaces and have access to a higher density of shops, services, and recreational facilities. Studies strengthening correspondence between the neighbourhood built environment attributes and behaviours are needed to identify and clarify potential relationships. Protocol registration The protocol of this systematic review was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 2 December 2019 (registration number: CRD42019137341). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-020-01055-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yung Liao
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Gavin R McCormack
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Nyssa Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
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Li Y, Yatsuya H, Hanibuchi T, Ota A, Naito H, Otsuka R, Murata C, Hirakawa Y, Chiang C, Uemura M, Tamakoshi K, Aoyama A. Positive Association of Physical Activity with Both Objective and Perceived Measures of the Neighborhood Environment among Older Adults: The Aichi Workers' Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217971. [PMID: 33138333 PMCID: PMC7663542 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We examined the association between objective and perceived neighborhood characteristics and self-reported leisure-time physical activity (PA) in older Japanese residents living in areas ranging from metropolitan to rural in 2016. Objective measures used were walkability and the numbers of parks/green spaces and sports facilities within 500 or 1000 m of subjects’ homes, calculated using geographic information systems. Subjective measures were the subjects’ perceptions of their neighborhoods, assessed using a structured questionnaire. All variables were divided into three groups, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference. We assessed the location and frequency of strolling or brisk walking, moderate-intensity PA, and vigorous-intensity PA (sports) using a self-reported questionnaire and defined as performing a certain type of PA 3–4 times/week as a habit. Living in a neighborhood in the highest tertile for walkability and number of parks/green spaces as well as perception of having good access to recreational facilities, observing others exercising and the presence of walkable sidewalks was associated with walking and sports habits (multivariable odds ratios (ORs): 1.33–2.46, all p < 0.05). Interestingly, objective measures of PA-friendly environmental features were inversely associated with moderate-intensity PA habits, potentially because moderate-intensity PA consisted predominantly of gardening. In conclusion, living in an environment supportive of PA, whether objectively or subjectively measured, is related to leisure-time PA habits among older Japanese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanying Li
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (H.Y.); (A.O.); (H.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-562-93-2476
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (H.Y.); (A.O.); (H.N.)
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; (Y.H.); (C.C.); (M.U.); (A.A.)
| | - Tomoya Hanibuchi
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan;
| | - Atsuhiko Ota
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (H.Y.); (A.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Hisao Naito
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (H.Y.); (A.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Rei Otsuka
- Section of NILS-LSA, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan;
| | - Chiyoe Murata
- Department of Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan;
- Department of Nutrition, Tokai Gakuen University, Aichi 468-8514, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Hirakawa
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; (Y.H.); (C.C.); (M.U.); (A.A.)
| | - Chifa Chiang
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; (Y.H.); (C.C.); (M.U.); (A.A.)
| | - Mayu Uemura
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; (Y.H.); (C.C.); (M.U.); (A.A.)
| | - Koji Tamakoshi
- Department of Nursing, Nagoya University School of Health Science, Aichi 461-8673, Japan;
| | - Atsuko Aoyama
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; (Y.H.); (C.C.); (M.U.); (A.A.)
- Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Aichi 481-8503, Japan
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Forouzan F, Teimouri H, Safari A. Leisure time management in the workplace: Providing a model. HUMAN SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/hsm-200883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farkhondeh Forouzan
- Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hadi Teimouri
- Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Safari
- Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Science and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Liu Y, Wang X, Zhou S, Wu W. The association between spatial access to physical activity facilities within home and workplace neighborhoods and time spent on physical activities: evidence from Guangzhou, China. Int J Health Geogr 2020; 19:22. [PMID: 32563255 PMCID: PMC7305624 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-020-00216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban residents from the developing world have increasingly adopted a sedentary lifestyle and spend less time on physical activities (PA). Previous studies on the association between PA facilities and individuals' PA levels are based on the assumption that individuals have opportunities to use PA facilities within neighborhoods all day long, ignoring the fact that their willingness and opportunities to use nearby facilities depend on how much discretionary time (any time when people have a choice what to do) they have. Further, scant attention has been paid to the influence of PA facilities within both residential and workplace neighborhoods in the dense urban context. To address the above research gaps, this study investigated the links between the spatial access to PA facilities within home/workplace neighborhoods and time spent on PA among working adults, focusing on whether results were different when different measures of accessibility were used and whether participants' discretionary time over a week affected their time spent on PA. METHOD This study used data from a questionnaire survey (n = 1002) in Guangzhou between June and July 2017 and point of interest (POI) data from online mapping resources. Outcome variables included the amount of time spent on physical activity/moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity (PA/MVPA) over the past week. Home/workplace neighborhoods were measured as different distance buffers (500 m circular buffers, 1000 m circular buffers, and 1080 m network buffers) around each respondent's home/workplace. Spatial access to PA facilities was measured using two indicators: the counts of PA facilities and proximity to PA facilities within home/workplace neighborhoods. The amount of discretionary time was calculated based on activity log data of working day/weekend day from the Guangzhou questionnaire survey, and regression models were used to examine relationships between the spatial access of PA facilities, the time spent on PA/MVPA, and the amount of discretionary time, adjusted for covariates. Associations were stratified by gender, age, education, and income. RESULTS Using different measures of accessibility (the counts of and proximity to PA facilities) generated different results. Specifically, participants spent more time on PA/MVPA when they lived in neighborhoods with more PA facilities and spent more time on MVPA when worked in closer proximity to PA facilities. A larger amount of discretionary time was associated with more time spent on PA/MVPA, but it did not strengthen the relationship between access to PA facilities and PA/MVPA time. In addition, relationships between access to PA facilities and PA levels varied by gender, age, education, and income. CONCLUSION This study contributes to the knowledge of PA-promoting environments by considering both the home and workplace contexts and by taking into account the temporal attributes of contextual influences. Policymakers and urban planners are advised to take into account the workplace context and the temporal variability of neighborhood influences when allocating public PA facilities and public spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Xiaoge Wang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Suhong Zhou
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275 China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Public Security and Disaster, Guangzhou, 510275 China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- College of Economics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
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9
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Associations between spatial access to physical activity facilities and frequency of physical activity; how do home and workplace neighbourhoods in West Central Scotland compare? Int J Health Geogr 2019; 18:2. [PMID: 30696451 PMCID: PMC6352429 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-019-0166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over a third of the Scottish population do not meet physical activity (PA) recommendations, with a greater proportion of those from disadvantaged areas not meeting recommended levels. There is a great need for detailed understanding of why some people are active while others are not. It has been established that features within home neighbourhoods are important for promoting PA, and although around 60% of time spent in exercise daily is undertaken outside the residential environment, relatively little research includes both home and workplace neighbourhood contexts. This study utilised an existing west central Scotland survey and spatial data on PA facilities to examine whether, for working adults, there are links between access to facilities, within home and workplace neighbourhoods, and frequency of PA, and whether such associations differ by socio-economic group. METHODS Using a Geographic Information System (GIS), home and workplace postcodes of a sub-sample of 'Transport, Health and Well-being' 2010 study respondents (n = 513) were mapped, along with public (i.e. public-sector funded) and private (i.e. private-sector funded) PA facilities (e.g. sports halls, gyms, pools etc.) within 800 m and 1600 m path/street network buffers of home and workplace postcodes. Using Analysis of Variance, associations between spatial access to PA facilities (i.e. facility counts within buffers) and self-reported PA (i.e. days being physically active in past month) were analysed. Models were run separately for access to any, public, private, and home, workplace, and home/workplace facilities. Associations were examined for all respondents, and stratified by age and income deprivation. RESULTS Respondents' PA frequency was associated with spatial access to specific types of facilities near home and near home or workplace (combined). In general, PA frequency was higher where individuals lived/worked in closer proximity to private facilities and frequency lower where individuals lived/worked nearby to public facilities. Results varied by age and income deprivation sub-groups. CONCLUSION This research contributes to methods exploring neighbourhood contextual influences on PA behaviour; it goes beyond a focus upon home neighbourhoods and incorporates access to workplace neighbourhood facilities. Results demonstrate the importance of examining both neighbourhood types, and such findings may feed into planning for behaviour-change interventions within both spaces.
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