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Allaart LJH, Lech J, Macken AA, Kling A, Lafosse L, Lafosse T, van den Bekerom MPJ, Buijze GA. Biomodulating healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: the protocol of a randomised proof of concept trial (BIOHACK). BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071078. [PMID: 37586862 PMCID: PMC10432644 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE/INTRODUCTION Over the last decades, there has been increasing interest in biological stimulation or bioaugmentation after rotator cuff repair. So far, there is no consensus on the appropriate composition of biologicals or which patients would benefit most, and moreover, these biologicals are often expensive. However, there are other, non-pharmacological strategies that are also believed to achieve biological stimulation. This randomised controlled trial evaluates the possible cumulative effect of pragmatic application of cryobiomodulation, photobiomodulation and electrobiomodulation-collectively called biomodulation-on the bone-to-tendon healing process after rotator cuff repair. METHODS In this randomised, controlled proof of concept study, 146 patients undergoing arthroscopic repair of a full thickness posterosuperior or anterosuperior rotator cuff tear will be 1:1 randomly assigned to either a control group or to the additional biomodulation protocol group. The adjuvant biomodulation protocol consists of seven self-applicable therapies and will be administered during the first 6 weeks after surgery. Primary outcome will be healing of the rotator cuff as evaluated by the Sugaya classification on MRI at 1-year postoperatively. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been accepted by the National Ethical Review Board CPP Sud-Est IV in France and has been registered at Clinicaltrials.gov. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04618484.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens Jan Houterman Allaart
- Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Clinique Générale Annecy, Annecy, France
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Joint Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - James Lech
- Radiology, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arno Alexander Macken
- Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Clinique Générale Annecy, Annecy, France
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Agathe Kling
- Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Clinique Générale Annecy, Annecy, France
| | - Laurent Lafosse
- Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Clinique Générale Annecy, Annecy, France
| | - Thibault Lafosse
- Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Clinique Générale Annecy, Annecy, France
| | - Michel P J van den Bekerom
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Joint Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Alexander Buijze
- Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Clinique Générale Annecy, Annecy, France
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montpellier University Medical Center, Lapeyronie Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Thoene M, Bejer-Olenska E, Wojtkiewicz J. The Current State of Osteoarthritis Treatment Options Using Stem Cells for Regenerative Therapy: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108925. [PMID: 37240271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage has very low metabolic activity. While minor injuries may be spontaneously repaired within the joint by chondrocytes, there is very little chance of a severely impaired joint regenerating itself when damaged. Therefore, any significant joint injury has little chance of spontaneously healing without some type of therapy. This article is a review that will examine the causes of osteoarthritis, both acute and chronic, and how it may be treated using traditional methods as well as with the latest stem cell technology. The latest regenerative therapy is discussed, including the use and potential risks of mesenchymal stem cells for tissue regeneration and implantation. Applications are then discussed for the treatment of OA in humans after using canine animal models. Since the most successful research models of OA were dogs, the first applications for treatment were veterinary. However, the treatment options have now advanced to the point where patients suffering from osteoarthritis may be treated with this technology. A survey of the literature was performed in order to determine the current state of stem cell technology being used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Then, the stem cell technology was compared with traditional treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Thoene
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Public Health, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewa Bejer-Olenska
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Wojtkiewicz
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
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3
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Aydin SM. Blood Products. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-75517-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Vargel İ, Tuncel A, Baysal N, Hartuç-Çevik İ, Korkusuz F. Autologous Adipose-Derived Tissue Stromal Vascular Fraction (AD-tSVF) for Knee Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13517. [PMID: 36362308 PMCID: PMC9658499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue contains adult mesenchymal stem cells that may modulate the metabolism when applied to other tissues. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) can be isolated from adipose tissue mechanically and/or enzymatically. SVF was recently used to decrease the pain and improve the function of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Primary and/or secondary OA causes inflammation and degeneration in joints, and regenerative approaches that may modify the natural course of the disease are limited. SVF may modulate inflammation and initiate regeneration in joint tissues by initiating a paracrine effect. Chemokines released from SVF may slow down degeneration and stimulate regeneration in joints. In this review, we overviewed articular joint cartilage structures and functions, OA, and macro-, micro-, and nano-fat isolation techniques. Mechanic and enzymatic SVF processing techniques were summarized. Clinical outcomes of adipose tissue derived tissue SVF (AD-tSVF) were evaluated. Medical devices that can mechanically isolate AD-tSVF were listed, and publications referring to such devices were summarized. Recent review manuscripts were also systematically evaluated and included. Transferring adipose tissues and cells has its roots in plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery. Micro- and nano-fat is also transferred to other organs and tissues to stimulate regeneration as it contains regenerative cells. Minimal manipulation of the adipose tissue is recently preferred to isolate the regenerative cells without disrupting them from their natural environment. The number of patients in the follow-up studies are recently increasing. The duration of follow up is also increasing with favorable outcomes from the short- to mid-term. There are however variations for mean age and the severity of knee OA patients between studies. Positive outcomes are related to the higher number of cells in the AD-tSVF. Repetition of injections and concomitant treatments such as combining the AD-tSVF with platelet rich plasma or hyaluronan are not solidified. Good results were obtained when combined with arthroscopic debridement and micro- or nano-fracture techniques for small-sized cartilage defects. The optimum pressure applied to the tissues and cells during filtration and purification of the AD-tSVF is not specified yet. Quantitative monitoring of articular joint cartilage regeneration by ultrasound, MR, and synovial fluid analysis as well as with second-look arthroscopy could improve our current knowledge on AD-tSVF treatment in knee OA. AD-tSVF isolation techniques and technologies have the potential to improve knee OA treatment. The duration of centrifugation, filtration, washing, and purification should however be standardized. Using gravity-only for isolation and filtration could be a reasonable approach to avoid possible complications of other methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Vargel
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Altındag, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Ali Tuncel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Hacettepe University, Universiteler Mahallesi, Hacettepe Beytepe Campus #31, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Nilsu Baysal
- Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Altındag, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - İrem Hartuç-Çevik
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Altındag, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Feza Korkusuz
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Altındag, Ankara 06230, Turkey
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Nabavizadeh SS, Talaei-Khozani T, Zarei M, Zare S, Hosseinabadi OK, Tanideh N, Daneshi S. Attenuation of osteoarthritis progression through intra-articular injection of a combination of synovial membrane-derived MSCs (SMMSCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and conditioned medium (secretome). J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:102. [PMID: 35177103 PMCID: PMC8851803 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02851-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteoarthritis (OA) as a progressive destructive disease of articular cartilage is the most common joint disease characterized by reduction of joint cartilage thickness, demolition of cartilage surface and new bone formation. To overcome these problems, the purpose of the current research was to evaluate and compare the in vivo effects of synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cell (SMMSCs), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and conditioned medium (secretome) on collagenase II-induced rat knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remedy. METHODS For the first step, SMMSCs were isolated and characterized. Also, secretome was collected from SMMSCs culture. Furthermore, PRP was collect from the rat heart venous blood. Second, two injection of collagenase II with an interval of 3 days was performed in the knee intra-articular space to induce osteoarthritis. Two weeks later, animals were randomly divided into 6 groups. Control group without treatment, positive group: taken an intra-articular sodium hyaluronate injection (0.1 ml), treatment groups taken an intra-articular injection of; treatment 1: SMMSCs (5 × 106), treatment 2: SMMSCs (5 × 106)/secretome (50 µl), treatment 3: SMMSCs (5 × 106)/PRP (50 µl), and treatment 4: SMMSCs (5 × 106)/ secretome (50 µl)/ PRP (50 µl). Three months later, rats were killed and the following assessments were executed: radiography, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Our findings represented that a combination of the SMMSCs/secretome/PRP had a considerable effect on glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen II contents, articular cartilage preservation, compared with other groups. In addition, combination of the SMMSCs with PRP and secretome showed the lowest expression of mmp3, while SOX9 had the highest expression in comparison with other groups. Also, SMMSCs-injected groups demonstrated better results compared with positive and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Injecting a combination of the SMMSCs/secretome/PRP resulted in better efficacy in terms of joint space width, articular cartilage surface continuity and integrity, sub-chondral bone and ECM constituents such as collagen II. Indeed, transplantation of this combination could be considered as a preliminary therapy for clinical trial study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moein Zarei
- Department of Polymer and Biomaterials Science, Western Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Al. Piastow 45, 71-311, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sajad Daneshi
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Chahla J, Papalamprou A, Chan V, Arabi Y, Salehi K, Nelson TJ, Limpisvasti O, Mandelbaum BR, Tawackoli W, Metzger MF, Sheyn D. Assessing the Resident Progenitor Cell Population and the Vascularity of the Adult Human Meniscus. Arthroscopy 2021; 37:252-265. [PMID: 32979500 PMCID: PMC7829352 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2020.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify, characterize, and compare the resident progenitor cell populations within the red-red, red-white, and white-white (WW) zones of freshly harvested human cadaver menisci and to characterize the vascularity of human menisci using immunofluorescence and 3-dimensional (3D) imaging. METHODS Fresh adult human menisci were harvested from healthy donors. Menisci were enzymatically digested, mononuclear cells isolated, and characterized using flow cytometry with antibodies against mesenchymal stem cell surface markers (CD105, CD90, CD44, and CD29). Cells were expanded in culture, characterized, and compared with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Trilineage differentiation potential of cultured cells was determined. Vasculature of menisci was mapped in 3D using a modified uDisco clearing and immunofluorescence against vascular markers CD31, lectin, and alpha smooth muscle actin. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the clonogenicity of isolated cells between the 3 zones. Flow cytometry showed presence of CD44+CD105+CD29+CD90+ cells in all 3 zones with high prevalence in the WW zone. Progenitors from all zones were found to be potent to differentiate to mesenchymal lineages. Larger vessels in the red-red zone of meniscus were observed spanning toward red-white, sprouting to smaller arterioles and venules. CD31+ cells were identified in all zones using the 3D imaging and co-localization of additional markers of vasculature (lectin and alpha smooth muscle actin) was observed. CONCLUSIONS The presence of resident mesenchymal progenitors was evident in all 3 meniscal zones of healthy adult donors without injury. In addition, our results demonstrate the presence of vascularization in the WW zone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The existence of progenitors and presence of microvasculature in the WW zone of the meniscus suggests the potential for repair and biologic augmentation strategies in that zone of the meniscus in young healthy adults. Further research is necessary to fully define the functionality of the meniscal blood supply and its implications for repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Chahla
- Kerlan Jobe Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Angela Papalamprou
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Virginia Chan
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Yasaman Arabi
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Khosrawdad Salehi
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Trevor J Nelson
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Orr Limpisvasti
- Kerlan Jobe Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Bert R Mandelbaum
- Kerlan Jobe Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Wafa Tawackoli
- Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Melodie F Metzger
- Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Dmitriy Sheyn
- Kerlan Jobe Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Orthopedic Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Department of Orthopedics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A..
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López-Beas J, Guadix JA, Clares B, Soriano-Ruiz JL, Zugaza JL, Gálvez-Martín P. An overview of international regulatory frameworks for mesenchymal stromal cell-based medicinal products: From laboratory to patient. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1315-1334. [PMID: 32017179 DOI: 10.1002/med.21659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are emerging as one of the most important cell types in advanced therapies and regenerative medicine due to their great therapeutic potential. The development of hMSC-based products focuses on the use of hMSCs as biological active substances, and they are considered medicinal products by the primary health agencies worldwide. Due to their regulatory status, the development of hMSC-based products is regulated by specific criteria that range from the design phase, nonclinical studies, clinical studies, to the final registration and approval. Patients should only be administered hMSC-based products within the framework of a clinical trial or after the product has obtained marketing authorization; in both cases, authorization by health authorities is usually required. Considering the above, this paper describes the current general regulatory requirements for hMSC-based products, by jurisdiction, to be implemented throughout their entire development process. These measures may provide support for researchers from both public and private entities and academia to optimize the development of these products and their subsequent marketing, thereby improving access to them by patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier López-Beas
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan A Guadix
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Instituto Malagueño de Biomedicina (IBIMA), Campus de Teatinos s/n, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,BIONAND, Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología (Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Málaga), Málaga, Spain
| | - Beatriz Clares
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose L Soriano-Ruiz
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José L Zugaza
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain.,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, Zamudio, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Patricia Gálvez-Martín
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,R&D Human Health, Bioibérica S.A.U., Barcelona, Spain
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Platelet Rich Plasma for Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Case Series and Review of Literature. Case Rep Rheumatol 2020; 2020:8761485. [PMID: 32082684 PMCID: PMC7021456 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8761485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood product with platelets above circulating levels and releases several growth factors after activation. PRP may help to decrease joint inflammation by modulating synovial cell proliferation and differentiation and inhibition of catabolic pathways in various articular conditions. Though PRP has shown good efficacy in osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal conditions such as synovitis, epicondylitis, skeletal muscle injuries, and tendinopathy, there is limited experience for the use of PRP in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Precise mechanisms of action of PRP are not known. We present clinical experience for treatment with PRP (2–4 ml) in four patients with rheumatoid arthritis who had inadequate response and persistent pain and inflammation with intra-articular steroids. Irrespective of past and ongoing treatments and duration of disease, all patients showed improvement in the visual analog scale and disease activity score of 28 joints at 4 and 8 weeks after injection. There was an improvement in joint inflammation on ultrasound imaging in some patients. These effects were sustained for up to 1 year. No adverse effects were reported in any patient. PRP may be a safe and useful therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who fail to respond to one or more established treatment options.
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Youn GM, Remigio Van Gogh AM, Alvarez A, Shin Yin SS, Chakrabarti MO, McGahan PJ, Chen JL. Stem Cell-Infused Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Arthrosc Tech 2019; 8:e1313-e1317. [PMID: 31890501 PMCID: PMC6926314 DOI: 10.1016/j.eats.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are unfortunate but common injuries in the athletic population. The standard of care for ACL tears is a surgical intervention to reconstruct the ACL to restore knee functionality as well as quality of life. In recent years, bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) has seen increasing use in various orthopaedic settings. This increase can be attributed to the potential beneficial qualities that mesenchymal stem cells, progenitor cells, and growth factors, all of which are present in BMAC, can provide. In this technical note and accompanying video, we describe an anatomic allograft ACL reconstruction infused with BMAC to utilize BMAC's potential benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun Min Youn
- Address correspondence to Gun Min Youn, B.A., Advanced Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, 450 Sutter St, Ste 400, San Francisco, CA 94108, U.S.A.
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Jenio FZ, Scholes C, Marenah M, Li J, Cowley M, Ebrahimi M, Harrison-Brown M, Murrell WD. Quality in practice: implementation of a clinical outcomes registry in regenerative medicine. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:130. [PMID: 31157251 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.02.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this didactic article is to describe the implementation of a clinical outcomes registry within a clinical setting for musculoskeletal regenerative medicine. A patient-centred clinical registry, designed and implemented into the practice of a musculoskeletal clinic specializing in regenerative medicine. Methods A focus on patient outcomes at all levels of the patient journey was established to monitor and continually improve care. The registry was designed to monitor the diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of musculoskeletal pathologies of the shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, foot and spine presenting to the clinic. Specifically, the registry was designed for surveillance, tracking, and reporting of efficacy and adverse events of cellular-based therapies. Results The registry has completed its implementation phase and is now in a pilot period to confirm data collection processes and user feedback. Initial findings indicate suboptimal data entry compliance in key areas that were rectified by refining data fields, reimaging within existing operating systems, and linkage to external supporting documents. Conclusions The key impacts of the registry implementation have been to (I) redefine criteria for treatment success and failure within the area of biologic treatments in musculoskeletal practice; (II) instigate discussion, and document standardized treatment pathways, clinical handover processes and shared decision-making with patients; and (III) act as a catalyst to target deficiencies in staff knowledge and skills in the areas of patient management and interaction, clinical documentation and administration processes. A practice registry provides a platform for monitoring treatment safety and efficacy in the context of biologic therapies in musculoskeletal medicine. Registries of this kind will contribute to ongoing discourse regarding best value treatments in the musculoskeletal context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maimuna Marenah
- Emirates Integra Medical & Surgery Centre, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jinjie Li
- Emirates Integra Medical & Surgery Centre, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | - William D Murrell
- Emirates Integra Medical & Surgery Centre, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.,Emirates Healthcare, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.,Landsthul Regional Medical Center, Landsthul, Germany.,7th Medical Support Unit, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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11
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Ulasli AM, Ozcakar L, Murrel WD. Ultrasound imaging and guidance in the management of knee osteoarthritis in regenerative medicine field. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2019; 10:24-31. [PMID: 30705527 PMCID: PMC6349666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) is an excellent imaging tool to evaluate most of the structures in the knee joint. US is useful in various applications of regenerative medicine, starting from the biomaterial harvesting stage of the procedures, it can thus/conveniently be used for the diagnosis and treatment of various forms of knee osteoarthritis (OA) where the interventions need to be carried out under US guidance. In this paper, we have reviewed US guided bioharvesting of venous blood, bone marrow and adipose tissue, the US evaluation of the knee joint and the relevant findings in knee OA along with US guided regenerative interventions for the knee joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Murat Ulasli
- Lokman Hekim University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey,Corresponding author. Lokman Hekim Akay Hastanesi, Büklüm Sokak No: 3 Kavaklıdere, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Levent Ozcakar
- Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - William D. Murrel
- Emirates Integra Medical & Surgery Centre, Department Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates,Emirates Healthcare, Dubai, United Arab Emirates,Landsthul Regional Medical Center, Division of Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Landsthul, Germany,7th Medical Support Unit-Europe, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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12
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Alternatives to Biologics in Management of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2018; 26:79-85. [PMID: 29722769 DOI: 10.1097/jsa.0000000000000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common condition encountered by physicians. KOA is addressed by a wide array of modalities including a number of nonbiological treatments. METHODS PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus were searched for level 1 to 4 studies published from inception to August 2017. RESULTS A total of 18 studies were evaluated and results demonstrated moderate supporting evidence for prolotherapy and limited evidence for botulinum toxin type A, sodium bicarbonate and calcium gluconate, and low-molecular weight fraction of 5% human serum albumin. Evidence for local anesthetic agents was conflicting. CONCLUSION There is moderate supportive evidence for the effectiveness of prolotherapy in improving pain and function in both, short-term and long-term. Limited supporting evidence found for botulinum toxin type A, sodium bicarbonate and calcium gluconate, and low-molecular weight fraction of 5% human serum albumin in improving pain and function. There is conflicting evidence for the use of local anesthetic agents in patients with KOA.
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Cinque ME, Chahla J, Moatshe G, Faucett SC, Krych AJ, LaPrade RF. Meniscal root tears: a silent epidemic. Br J Sports Med 2018; 52:872-876. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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The Use of Vibrational Energy to Isolate Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2018; 6:e1620. [PMID: 29464159 PMCID: PMC5811289 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)–based treatments have the potential to treat numerous soft-tissue pathologies. It would be beneficial to develop an efficient and reliable intraoperative, nonenzymatic method of isolating ADSCs for clinical use. This study aims to determine the (1) viability and proliferative capacity of ADSCs after exposure to vibrational energies and (2) efficacy of vibrational energy as a method of ADSC isolation from surgically harvested infrapatellar fat pad (IFP). Methods: Cultured ADSCs were exposed to 15 minutes of vibration (60 Hz) with displacements ranging from 0 to 2.5 mm to assess cell viability and proliferation. Then, arthroscopically harvested adipose tissue (IFP; n = 5 patients) was filtered and centrifuged to separate the stromal vascular fraction, which was exposed to 15 minutes of vibration (60 Hz; 1.3 mm or 2.5 mm displacement). A viability analysis was then performed along with proliferation and apoptosis assays. Results: Vibration treatment at all displacements had no effect on the viability or proliferation of the cultured ADSCs compared with controls. There was an increased apoptosis rate between the 2.5 mm displacement group (7.53%) and controls (5.17%; P < 0.05) at day 1, but no difference at days 2, 3, and 14. ADSCs were not isolated from the IFP tissue after vibration treatment. Conclusions: ADSCs maintained viability and proliferative capacity after 15 minutes of vibration at 60 Hz and 2.5 mm displacement. ADSCs were not isolated harvested IFP tissue after the application of vibrational energy.
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Dragoo JL, Chang W. Arthroscopic Harvest of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells From the Infrapatellar Fat Pad. Am J Sports Med 2017; 45:3119-3127. [PMID: 28816507 DOI: 10.1177/0363546517719454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The successful isolation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) from the arthroscopically harvested infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) would provide orthopaedic surgeons with an autologous solution for regenerative procedures. PURPOSE To demonstrate the quantity and viability of the mesenchymal stem cell population arthroscopically harvested from the IFP as well as the surrounding synovium. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS The posterior border of the IFP, including the surrounding synovial tissue, was harvested arthroscopically from patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Tissue was then collected in an AquaVage adipose canister, followed by fat fractionization using syringe emulsification and concentration with an AdiPrep device. In the laboratory, the layers of tissue were separated and then digested with 0.3% type I collagenase. The pelleted stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells were then immediately analyzed for viability, mesenchymal cell surface markers by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and clonogenic capacity. After culture expansion, the metabolic activity of the ADSCs was assessed by an AlamarBlue assay, and the multilineage differentiation capability was tested. The transition of surface antigens from the SVF toward expanded ADSCs at passage 2 was further evaluated. RESULTS SVF cells were successfully harvested with a mean yield of 4.86 ± 2.64 × 105 cells/g of tissue and a mean viability of 69.03% ± 10.75%, with ages ranging from 17 to 52 years (mean, 35.14 ± 13.70 years; n = 7). The cultured ADSCs composed a mean 5.85% ± 5.89% of SVF cells with a mean yield of 0.33 ± 0.42 × 105 cells/g of tissue. The nonhematopoietic cells (CD45-) displayed the following surface antigens as a percentage of the viable population: CD44+ (52.21% ± 4.50%), CD73+CD90+CD105+ (19.20% ± 17.04%), and CD44+CD73+CD90+CD105+ (15.32% ± 15.23%). There was also a significant increase in the expression of ADSC markers CD73 (96.97% ± 1.72%; P < .01), CD10 (84.47% ± 15.46%; P < .05), and CD166 (11.63% ± 7.84%; P < .005) starting at passage 2 compared with freshly harvested SVF cells. The clonogenic efficiency of SVF cells was determined at a mean 3.21% ± 1.52% for layer 1 and 1.51% ± 0.55% for layer 2. Differentiation into cartilage, fat, and bone tissue was demonstrated by tissue-specific staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSION SVF cells from the IFP and adjacent synovial tissue were successfully harvested using an arthroscopic technique and produced ADSCs with surface markers that meet criteria for defined mesenchymal stem cells. CLINICAL RELEVANCE An autologous source of stem cells can now be harvested using a simple arthroscopic technique that will allow orthopaedic surgeons easier access to progenitor cells for regenerative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L Dragoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Wenteh Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Clinical efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for osteoarthritis treatment: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175449. [PMID: 28448518 PMCID: PMC5407776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Materials We performed a meta-analysis of relevant published clinical studies. An electronic search was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of MSC-based therapy in knee OA. The visual analogue scale (VAS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) form, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Lequesne algofunctional indices (Lequesne), Lysholm knee scale (Lysholm), Tegner activity scale (Tegner) and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated. Results Eleven eligible trials with 582 knee OA patients were included in the present meta-analysis. We demonstrated that MSC treatment could significantly decrease VAS and increase IKDC scoresafter a 24-month follow-up compared with controls (P<0.05). MSC therapy also showed significant decreases in WOMAC and Lequesne scores after the 12-month follow-up (P<0.01). Analysis of Lysholm (24-month) and Tegner (12- and 24-month) scores also demonstrated favorable results for MSC treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion Overall, MSC transplantation treatment was shown to be safe and has great potential as an efficacious clinical therapy for patients with knee OA.
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Effects of the pulsed electromagnetic field PST® on human tendon stem cells: a controlled laboratory study. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:293. [PMID: 27538432 PMCID: PMC4989537 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1261-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Current clinical procedures for rotator cuff tears need to be improved, as a high rate of failure is still observed. Therefore, new approaches have been attempted to stimulate self-regeneration, including biophysical stimulation modalities, such as low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields, which are alternative and non-invasive methods that seem to produce satisfying therapeutic effects. While little is known about their mechanism of action, it has been speculated that they may act on resident stem cells. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a pulsed electromagnetic field (PST®) on human tendon stem cells (hTSCs) in order to elucidate the possible mechanism of the observed therapeutic effects. Methods hTSCs from the rotator cuff were isolated from tendon biopsies and cultured in vitro. Then, cells were exposed to a 1-h PST® treatment and compared to control untreated cells in terms of cell morphology, proliferation, viability, migration, and stem cell marker expression. Results Exposure of hTSCs to PST® did not cause any significant changes in proliferation, viability, migration, and morphology. Instead, while stem cell marker expression significantly decreased in control cells during cell culturing, PST®-treated cells did not have a significant reduction of the same markers. Conclusions While PST® did not have significant effects on hTSCs proliferation, the treatment had beneficial effects on stem cell marker expression, as treated cells maintained a higher expression of these markers during culturing. These results support the notion that PST® treatment may increase the patient stem cell regenerative potential. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1261-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Malanga G, Abdelshahed D, Jayaram P. Orthobiologic Interventions Using Ultrasound Guidance. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2016; 27:717-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Manchikanti L, Boswell MV, Hirsch JA. Innovations in interventional pain management of chronic spinal pain. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 16:1033-42. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2016.1194204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Laiuppa JA, Santillán GE. Effect of Combined Action of Extracellular ATP and Elevated Calcium on Osteogenic Differentiation of Primary Cultures From Rat Calvaria. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2658-68. [PMID: 27038365 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro osteogenic differentiation has been intensively studied. However, it is not yet clear precisely how osteogenesis can be optimized. Changes in extracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+) ]e ), as well as modulation of purinergic receptors play an important role in the regulation of osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation. In this study, we investigated the effects of a combined treatment of ATPγ-S and high [Ca(2+) ]e (5.35 mM) on osteogenic differentiation and function of primary cell cultures from rat calvaria. Our results indicate that ATPγ-S stimulates cell transition from the G0 to S phase of cell cycle, involving the PI3K signaling pathway. Treatment with 10 or 100 µM ATPγ-S and [Ca(2+) ]e (ATP-[Ca(2+) ]e ) for 48 h increases cell number significantly above the control. ATPγ-S treatment in osteogenic medium containing [Ca(2+) ]e stimulates the gene expression of BMP-4, BMP-5, and OPN at 16, 48, and 72 h, respectively, above control. In same conditions, treatment for 6 days with 10 µM UTP or 100 µM UDP significantly increased the ALP activity respect to control. Cells grown in osteogenic medium showed a statistically significant increase in calcium deposits at 15 and 18 days, for 10 µM ATPγ-S treatment, and at 18 and 22 days, for [Ca(2+) ]e treatment, respect to control but ATP-[Ca(2+) ]e treatment shown a significant greater mineralization at 15 days respect to ATPγ-S, and at 18 days respect to both agonists. In conclusion, we demonstrated that an osteogenic medium containing 10 µM ATPγ-S and 5.35 mM [Ca(2+) ]e enhance osteogenesis and mineralization by rat primary calvarial cells cultures. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2658-2668, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Laiuppa
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, CONICET, San Juan 670, (B8000ICN) Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Graciela E Santillán
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, CONICET, San Juan 670, (B8000ICN) Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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Randelli P, Menon A, Ragone V, Creo P, Bergante S, Randelli F, De Girolamo L, Alfieri Montrasio U, Banfi G, Cabitza P, Tettamanti G, Anastasia L. Lipogems Product Treatment Increases the Proliferation Rate of Human Tendon Stem Cells without Affecting Their Stemness and Differentiation Capability. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4373410. [PMID: 27057170 PMCID: PMC4736573 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4373410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing the success rate of rotator cuff healing remains tremendous challenge. Among many approaches, the possibility of activating resident stem cells in situ, without the need to isolate them from biopsies, could represent valuable therapeutic strategy. Along this line, it has been recently demonstrated that lipoaspirate product, Lipogems, contains and produces growth-factors that may activate resident stem cells. In this study, human tendon stem cells (hTSCs) from the rotator cuff were cocultured in a transwell system with the Lipogems lipoaspirate product and compared to control untreated cells in terms of cell proliferation, morphology, stem cell marker and VEGF expression, and differentiation and migration capabilities. Results showed that the Lipogems product significantly increases the proliferation rate of hTSCs without altering their stemness and differentiation capability. Moreover, treated cells increase the expression of VEGF, which is crucial for the neovascularization of the tissue during the healing process. Overall, this study supports that directly activating hTSCs with the Lipogems lipoaspirate could represent a new practical therapeutic approach. In fact, obtaining a lipoaspirate is easier, safer, and more cost-effective than harvesting cells from tendon or bone marrow biopsies, expanding them in GMP facility and then reinjecting them in the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Randelli
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Menon
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenza Ragone
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Creo
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Bergante
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Randelli
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Cabitza
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Tettamanti
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Betancourt J, Murrell W. Leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma to treat degenerative meniscal tear: A case report. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2016; 7:106-109. [PMID: 28018086 PMCID: PMC5167441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A traumatic and/or degenerative meniscus lesion is thought to be a clinical manifestation of early-onset osteoarthritis (OA), which is a chronic progressive condition that can cause substantial pain and disability. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an emerging treatment option that has been reported to improve healing. Here, we present a case of a 29-year-old woman, with left anterior and medial knee pain, without history of trauma or injury. The patient was managed with leukocyte-poor PRP injections derived from her peripheral blood with high concentrations of platelets, platelet-derived growth factors, and bioactive proteins, with a total follow-up of 30 months. Post-treatment patient was evaluated at every follow-up for improvement using three independent measures, VAS, GROC, and KOOS. There was considerable improvement in the pain symptoms from baseline (VAS: 70 mm; GROC: n/a; and KOOS: 39) to 30 months (VAS: 40 mm; GROC: 5; and KOOS: 63.1) indicating that PRP injections can serve as therapeutic intervention for treatment of pain associated with early onset of OA. To further validate these results, more longitudinal and evidence-based studies are recommended, which may further guide the clinicians to manage early-onset OA with PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.P. Betancourt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - W.D. Murrell
- Dr. Humeira Badsha Medical Center, Dubai, United Arab Emirates,Orthopaedics, Rehabilitation, and Podiatry Department, Ft. Belvoir Community Hospital, Ft. Belvoir, VA, USA,Corresponding author at: Dr. Humeira Badsha Medical Center, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Tel.: +971 508921587; fax: +1 8779943500.Dr. Humeira Badsha Medical CenterDubaiUnited Arab Emirates
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Concepts in regenerative medicine: Past, present, and future in articular cartilage treatment. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2016; 7:137-44. [PMID: 27489407 PMCID: PMC4949414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is emerging with great interest and hope from patients, industry, academia, and medical professionals. Cartilage regeneration, restoration, or repair is one of the prime targets that remains largely unsolved, and many believe that regenerative medicine can possibly deliver solutions that can be widely used to address the current gap(s) in treatment. In the United States, Europe, Australia, and India the regulation of regenerative based treatments has become a big debate. Although the rules and regulations remain unclear, clinicians that are interested should carry-on with the best available guidelines to ensure safety and compliance during delivery in clinical practice to avoid regulatory infraction. Many have made significant investment of time, resources, and facilities in recent years to provide new regenerative treatment options and advance medical care for patients. Instead of reinventing the wheel, it would be more efficient to adopt currently accepted standards and nomenclature borrowed from transplantation science, and cord blood storage industries. The purposes of this article are to provide some historical background to the field of regenerative medicine as it applies to cartilage, and how this field has developed. This will be followed by a separate discussion on regulatory oversight and input and how it has influenced access to care. Furthermore, we discuss current clinical techniques and progress, and ways to deliver these treatments to patients safely, effectively, and in a cost sensitive manner, concluding with an overview of some of the promising regenerative techniques specific to cartilage.
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