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Pathuri RS, Zosel NA, Shoemaker AH, Christenson GN, Magaña A, Nowak CM, Perlmutter LR, Hunter BM. Theoretical and Spectroscopic Analysis of Square-Planar Tellurium(II) and Selenium(II) Diphenyl Thiourea Complexes in p 2 Electronic Configurations. Inorg Chem 2025; 64:2815-2828. [PMID: 39903665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c04827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2025]
Abstract
In this work, we performed a detailed mathematical ligand field theory analysis of square-planar (D4h) main group complexes in p2 electronic configurations, and the results were subsequently used to generate an energy-level correlation diagram. We synthesized the model p2 tellurium(II) diphenyl thiourea coordination complex for further spectroscopic investigation. Dissolution of TeO2 in concentrated HCl resulted in the formation of a [TeCl6]2- complex in acidic media, and subsequent addition of diphenyl thiourea resulted in the reduction of Te4+ to Te2+ (observed by 125Te NMR spectroscopy) and the formation of a cis-Te(dptu)2Cl2 complex, which was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). Using in situ optical/magnetic spectroscopy - specifically, UV-vis and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy - we observed absorbance bands and polarized transitions consistent with the calculated p-orbital splitting in a square planar (D4h) ligand field. Using the results of our spectroscopic investigation, we generated a molecular orbital (M.O.) diagram for the cis-Te(dptu)2Cl2 complex. We then used the M.O. diagram, in conjunction with the energy level correlation diagram, to assign the electronic transitions observed in the spectra of the cis-Te(dptu)2Cl2 complex. The analogous selenium(II) complex, cis-Se(dptu)2Cl2, was used to elucidate the observed transitions with minimal contribution from spin-orbit coupling. Our work examined how in situ spectroscopy and complementary ligand field theory analysis can be used to elucidate the electronic structures of main group coordination complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya S Pathuri
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Nicholas A Zosel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Aaron H Shoemaker
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Gerrit N Christenson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Alexis Magaña
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Christopher M Nowak
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Laura R Perlmutter
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Bryan M Hunter
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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Klösener J, Wiesemann M, Neumann B, Stammler H, Hoge B. Hypercoordinated Fluoro(pentafluoroethyl)stannanes and ‐stannates. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Klösener
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Markus Wiesemann
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Berthold Hoge
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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Martin CD, Ragogna PJ. Synthesis and Reactivity of Sulfur(II) Dications Stabilized Using Monodentate Ligands. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:8164-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1012582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb D. Martin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, The Chemistry Building, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - Paul J. Ragogna
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, The Chemistry Building, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7
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Mansuroğlu DS, Arslan H, VanDerveer D, Binzet G. Synthesis and Characterization ofN-(2,2-Diphenylacetyl)-N′-Substituted Thiourea Derivatives: The Crystal Structure ofN-(2,2-Diphenylacetyl)-N′-(4-chloro phenyl)-thiourea. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500902979743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gel’mbol’d VO. Effects of hydrogen bonding in the chemistry of onium fluorosilicates. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s003602360906014x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chai LQ, Ding YJ, Yang XQ, Yan HB, Dong WK. N-(2-Chlorobenzoyl)- N′-(3-pyridyl)thiourea. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o1407. [PMID: 21203127 PMCID: PMC2962040 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536808019922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2008] [Accepted: 06/30/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Dong WK, Yan HB, Chai LQ, Lv ZW, Zhao CY. 3,3'-Bis(4-nitro-phen-yl)-1,1'-(p-phenyl-ene)dithio-urea dimethyl sulfoxide disolvate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o1097. [PMID: 21202611 PMCID: PMC2961527 DOI: 10.1107/s160053680801430x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(22)H(16)N(6)O(6)S(2)·2C(2)H(6)OS, consists of one half-mol-ecule of the centrosymmetric thiourea derivative and one molecule of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The carbonyl group forms an intra-molecular hydrogen bond with the NH group, creating a six-membered (C-N-C-N-H⋯O) ring. Two other N-H⋯O hydro-gen bonds link one mol-ecule of the thio-urea to two mol-ecules of DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Kui Dong
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
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Ding YJ, Chang XB, Yang XQ, Dong WK. 3,3'-Dibenzoyl-1,1'-(butane-1,4-diyl)-dithio-urea. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o658. [PMID: 21202055 PMCID: PMC2961008 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536808004340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In the centrosymmetric title compound, C20H22N4O2S2, the carbonyl group forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond with the NH group attached to the butanediyl linker, resulting in a six-membered ring. There are also intermolecular C—H⋯S interactions in the crystal structure, and π–π interactions between phenyl groups [2.425 (3) Å].
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Aragoni MC, Arca M, Devillanova FA, Garau A, Isaia F, Lippolis V, Mancini A. The nature of the chemical bond in linear three-body systems: from i3- to mixed chalcogen/halogen and trichalcogen moieties. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2007; 2007:17416. [PMID: 18389065 PMCID: PMC2276819 DOI: 10.1155/2007/17416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2006] [Revised: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3 centre-4 electrons (3c-4e) and the donor/acceptor or charge-transfer models for the description of the chemical bond in linear three-body systems, such as I(3) (-) and related electron-rich (22 shell electrons) systems, are comparatively discussed on the grounds of structural data from a search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). Both models account for a total bond order of 1 in these systems, and while the former fits better symmetric systems, the latter describes better strongly asymmetric situations. The 3c-4e MO scheme shows that any linear system formed by three aligned closed-shell species (24 shell electrons overall) has reason to exist provided that two electrons are removed from it to afford a 22 shell electrons three-body system: all combinations of three closed-shell halides and/or chalcogenides are considered here. A survey of the literature shows that most of these three-body systems exist. With some exceptions, their structural features vary continuously from the symmetric situation showing two equal bonds to very asymmetric situations in which one bond approaches to the value corresponding to a single bond and the second one to the sum of the van der Waals radii of the involved atoms. This indicates that the potential energy surface of these three-body systems is fairly flat, and that the chemical surrounding of the chalcogen/halogen atoms can play an important role in freezing different structural situations; this is well documented for the I(3) (-) anion. The existence of correlations between the two bond distances and more importantly the linearity observed for all these systems, independently on the degree of their asymmetry, support the state of hypervalency of the central atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Carla Aragoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Francesco A. Devillanova
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Alessandra Garau
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Francesco Isaia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mancini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
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Su BQ, Liu GL, Sheng L, Wang XQ, Xian L. Synthesis and Structure of N-Ethoxycarbonyl-N′-O-Methoxyphenylthiourea. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500500270099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Quan Su
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Gai-Lan Liu
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Li Sheng
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Wang
- a School of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Lanzhou Jiaotong University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Liang Xian
- b State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , China
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