A sinapic acid–calix[4]arene hybrid selectively binds Pb2+ over Hg2+ and Cd2+

Comparative study of mercury(II) species removal onto naked and modified magnetic chitosan flakes coated ethylenediaminetetraacetic-disodium: kinetic and thermodynamic modeling

This comparative study investigates pre-concentration/separation procedure for the magnetic solid phase extraction of Hg(II) species by a new green materials: naked magnetic chitosan flakes coated Fe₃O₄ micro-particles (NMCFs) and magnetic chitosan flakes coated Fe₃O₄ micro-particles embedded ethylenediaminetetraacetic-disodium (MCFs-EDTA-Na₂) in a batch process. The sorption procedure was optimized by using model solutions containing mercury(II) ions in chloride medium. The influence of experimental parameters like pH, time reaction, initial Hg(II) concentration, and ionic strength was investigated. The SEM micrograph indicates a good dispersion of magnetite micro-particles onto chitosan flakes. The FTIR spectrum reveals that EDTA-Na₂ moieties have been successfully cross-linked onto magnetic chitosan flakes. Vibration magneto-metric measurements confirm the paramagnetic (without remanence) behavior of NMCFs and MCFs-EDTA-Na₂. The experimental sorption data show that Hg(II) ions extraction yield decreases in acidic medium in both NMCFs and MCFs-EDTA-Na₂. The found optimum pH values are near 4.5 using NMCFs and 4.7 when the Hg(II) ion sorption occurs onto MCFs-EDTA-Na₂ micro-particles. The results also showed that Hg(II) ion sorption kinetic was very fast at the initial stage of contact time. The maximal sorption capacity was found to be 454 ± 13 mg g^-1, under optimum conditions, using NMCFs and 495 ± 14 mg g^-1 when MCFs-EDTA-Na₂ was used.

Preparation, characterization and application of p-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene-SBA-15 mesoporous silica molecular sieves

p-tert-Butyl-calix[4]arene-SBA-15 mesoporous silica molecular sieves have been prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements. FT-IR spectra showed the presence of methylene (-CH(2)-), methyl (-CH(3)) and phenyl bands on the modified SBA-15. Powder XRD data indicated the structure of p-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene-SBA-15 remained the host SBA-15 structure. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis revealed a decrease in surface area and pore size. The adsorption capacity of the materials to diethylstilbestrol and bisphenol A was studied via the dynamic adsorption experiments. The maximum dynamic adsorption capacity on modified materials was 34.8 and 2.9 times higher than SBA-15 particles for diethylstilbestrol and bisphenol A, respectively. The results indicated that p-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene-SBA-15 particles could be used to the enrich the various compounds in water samples before the further analysis.