1
|
Taghizadeh Shool M, Amiri Rudbari H, Cuevas-Vicario JV, Rodríguez-Rubio A, Stagno C, Iraci N, Efferth T, Omer EA, Schirmeister T, Blacque O, Moini N, Sheibani E, Micale N. Investigating the Cytotoxicity of Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complexes by Changing the Electronic Structure of Salicylaldehyde Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1083-1101. [PMID: 38156413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel class of Ru(II)-based polypyridyl complexes with an auxiliary salicylaldehyde ligand [Ru(phen)2(X-Sal)]BF4 {X: H (1), 5-Cl (2), 5-Br (3), 3,5-Cl2 (4), 3,5-Br2 (5), 3-Br,5-Cl (6), 3,5-I2 (7), 5-NO2 (8), 5-Me (9), 4-Me (10), 4-OMe (11), and 4-DEA (12), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, and 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of 4, 6, 9, 10, and 11 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis which revealed structural similarities. DFT and TD-DFT calculations showed that they also possess similar electronic structures. Absorption/emission spectra were recorded for 2, 3, 10, and 11. All Ru-complexes, unlike the pure ligands and the complex lacking the salicylaldehyde component, displayed outstanding antiproliferative activity in the screening test (10 μM) against CCRF-CEM leukemia cells underlining the crucial role of the presence of the auxiliary ligand for the biological activity. The two most active derivatives, namely 7 and 10, were selected for continuous assays showing IC50 values in the submicromolar and micromolar range against drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM and multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells, respectively. These two compounds were investigated in silico for their potential binding to duplex DNA well-matched and mismatched base pairs, since they showed remarkable selectivity indexes (2.2 and 19.5 respectively) on PBMC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadi Amiri Rudbari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441 Isfahan, Iran
| | - José V Cuevas-Vicario
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Andrea Rodríguez-Rubio
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Claudio Stagno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Nunzio Iraci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ejlal A Omer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nakisa Moini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty Chemistry, Alzahra University, Vanak, P.O. Box 1993891176, 1993891176 Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Sheibani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nicola Micale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
New heterobimetallic ruthenium(II) complex with imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline-based ligand: synthesis, optical and electrochemical properties. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-021-02983-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
3
|
Müller C, Schulz M, Obst M, Zedler L, Gräfe S, Kupfer S, Dietzek B. Role of MLCT States in the Franck-Condon Region of Neutral, Heteroleptic Cu(I)-4 H-imidazolate Complexes: A Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6607-6616. [PMID: 32701275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c04351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The impact of the electronic structure of a series of 4H-imidazolate ligands in neutral, heteroleptic Cu(I) complexes is investigated. Remarkable broad and strong ligand-dependent absorption in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum renders the studied complexes promising photosensitizers for photocatalytic applications. The electronic structure of the Cu(I) complexes and the localization of photoexcited states in the Franck-Condon region are unraveled by means of UV-vis absorption and resonance Raman (rR) spectroscopy supported by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. The visible absorption bands stem from a superposition of bright metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) and π-π* as well as weakly absorbing MLCT states. Additionally, the analysis of involved molecular orbitals and rR spectra upon excitation of MLCT and π-π* states highlights the impact of the electronic structure of the 4H-imidazolate ligands on the properties of the corresponding Cu(I) complexes to avail a toolbox for predictive studies and efficient complex design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Müller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Schulz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Marc Obst
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Linda Zedler
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gräfe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tokarev S, Rumyantseva M, Nasriddinov A, Gaskov A, Moiseeva A, Fedorov Y, Fedorova O, Jonusauskas G. Electron injection effect in In 2O 3 and SnO 2 nanocrystals modified by ruthenium heteroleptic complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:8146-8156. [PMID: 32249864 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp07016h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the optical characteristics and conductivity under photoactivation with visible light of hybrids based on nanocrystalline SnO2 or In2O3 semiconductor matrixes and heteroleptic Ru(ii) complexes were studied. The heteroleptic Ru(ii) complexes were prepared based on 1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline and 2,2'-bipyridine ligands. Nanocrystalline semiconductor oxides were obtained by chemical precipitation with subsequent thermal annealing and characterized by XRD, SEM and single-point BET methods. The heteroleptic Ru(ii) complexes as well as hybrid materials were characterized by time-resolved luminescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the surface modification of SnO2 nanoparticles with heteroleptic ruthenium complexes led to an increase in conductivity upon irradiation with light appropriate for absorption by organometallic complexes. In the case of In2O3, the deposition of Ru(ii) complexes resulted in a decrease in conductivity, apparently due to the special structure of the surface layer of the semiconductor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Tokarev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991, Moscow, Russia. and Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Rumyantseva
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Abulkosim Nasriddinov
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Gaskov
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Moiseeva
- Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri Fedorov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Olga Fedorova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991, Moscow, Russia. and Chemistry Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gediminas Jonusauskas
- Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine - UMR CNRS 5798, University of Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Toupin NP, Nadella S, Steinke SJ, Turro C, Kodanko JJ. Dual-Action Ru(II) Complexes with Bulky π-Expansive Ligands: Phototoxicity without DNA Intercalation. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:3919-3933. [PMID: 32096986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and photochemical and biological characterization of Ru(II) complexes containing π-expansive ligands derived from dimethylbenzo[i]dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (Me2dppn) adorned with flanking aryl substituents. Late-stage Suzuki couplings produced Me2dppn ligands substituted at the 10 and 15 positions with phenyl (5), 2,4-dimethylphenyl (6), and 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl (7) groups. Complexes of the general formula [Ru(tpy)(L)(py)](PF6)2 (8-10), where L = 4-7, were characterized and shown to have dual photochemotherapeutic (PCT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) behavior. Quantum yields for photodissociation of monodentate pyridines from 8-10 were about 3 times higher than that of parent complex [Ru(tpy)(Me2dppn)(py)](PF6)2 (1), whereas quantum yields for singlet oxygen (1O2) production were ∼10% lower than that of 1. Transient absorption spectroscopy indicates that 8-10 possess long excited state lifetimes (τ = 46-50 μs), consistent with efficient 1O2 production through population and subsequent decay of ligand-centered 3ππ* excited states. Complexes 8-10 displayed greater lipophilicity relative to 1 and association to DNA but do not intercalate between the duplex base pairs. Complexes 1 and 8-10 showed photoactivated toxicity in breast and prostate cancer cell lines with phototherapeutic indexes, PIs, as high as >56, where the majority of cell death was achieved 4 h after treatment with Ru(II) complexes and light. Flow cytometric data and rescue experiments were consistent with necrotic cell death mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species, especially 1O2. Collectively, this study confirms that DNA intercalation by Ru(II) complexes with π-expansive ligands is not required to achieve photoactivated cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Toupin
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Sandeep Nadella
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Sean J Steinke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jeremy J Kodanko
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States.,Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Phosphorescence is a phenomenon of delayed luminescence that corresponds to the radiative decay of the molecular triplet state. As a general property of molecules, phosphorescence represents a cornerstone problem of chemical physics due to the spin prohibition of the underlying triplet-singlet emission and because its analysis embraces a deep knowledge of electronic molecular structure. Phosphorescence is the simplest physical process which provides an example of spin-forbidden transformation with a characteristic spin selectivity and magnetic field dependence, being the model also for more complicated chemical reactions and for spin catalysis applications. The bridging of the spin prohibition in phosphorescence is commonly analyzed by perturbation theory, which considers the intensity borrowing from spin-allowed electronic transitions. In this review, we highlight the basic theoretical principles and computational aspects for the estimation of various phosphorescence parameters, like intensity, radiative rate constant, lifetime, polarization, zero-field splitting, and spin sublevel population. Qualitative aspects of the phosphorescence phenomenon are discussed in terms of concepts like structure-activity relationships, donor-acceptor interactions, vibronic activity, and the role of spin-orbit coupling under charge-transfer perturbations. We illustrate the theory and principles of computational phosphorescence by highlighting studies of classical examples like molecular nitrogen and oxygen, benzene, naphthalene and their azaderivatives, porphyrins, as well as by reviewing current research on systems like electrophosphorescent transition metal complexes, nucleobases, and amino acids. We furthermore discuss modern studies of phosphorescence that cover topics of applied relevance, like the design of novel photofunctional materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), photovoltaic cells, chemical sensors, and bioimaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Baryshnikov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, Royal Institute of Technology , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University , 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Boris Minaev
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, Royal Institute of Technology , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University , 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, Royal Institute of Technology , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Nanotechnology, Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry, Siberian Federal University , Svobodny pr. 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cui X, Hoff JJ, Ji JD, Albers T, Zhao J, He W, Zhu L, Miao S. Synthesis and characterization of group VIB metal carbonyl heteroacene complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
8
|
Lefebvre JF, Saadallah D, Traber P, Kupfer S, Gräfe S, Dietzek B, Baussanne I, De Winter J, Gerbaux P, Moucheron C, Chavarot-Kerlidou M, Demeunynck M. Synthesis of three series of ruthenium tris-diimine complexes containing acridine-based π-extended ligands using an efficient “chemistry on the complex” approach. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:16298-16308. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02944b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Novel multi-step chemistry on the complex strategy.
Collapse
|