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Rzonsowska M, Mituła K, Duszczak J, Kasperkowiak M, Januszewski R, Grześkiewicz A, Kubicki M, Głowacka D, Dudziec B. Unexpected and frustrating transformations of double-decker silsesquioxanes. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01363g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper outlines an unexpected type of intramolecular transformation of DDSQ during hydrolytic condensation and surprising catalytic reactivity in silylative coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rzonsowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Mituła
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Julia Duszczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kasperkowiak
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Rafał Januszewski
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Silicon Compounds, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anita Grześkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Kubicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Daria Głowacka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Dudziec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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Petrova IM, Lyakhovetsky YI, Ikonnikov NS, Makarova NN. The Influence of HCl Concentration on the Rate of the Hydrolysis-Condensation Reaction of Phenyltrichlorosilane and the Yield of (Tetrahydroxy)(Tetraphenyl)Cyclotetrasiloxanes, Synthesis of All Its Geometrical Isomers and Thermal Self-Condensation of Them under "Pseudo"-Equilibrium Conditions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144383. [PMID: 34299658 PMCID: PMC8306532 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The rate of hydrolysis–condensation reaction of phenyltrichlorosilane in water-acetone solutions and the product yields were shown to significantly depend on the concentration of HCl (CHCl) in the solutions. The main product of the reaction was all-cis-(tetrahydroxy)(tetraphenyl)cyclotetrasiloxane. This was different from the earlier published results of analogous reactions of m-tolylSiCl3, m-ClPhSiCl3, and α-naphtylSiCl, in which some products of other types were formed. For example, trans-1,1,3,3-tetrahydroxy-1,3-di-α-naphtyldisiloxane was obtained in the case of α-naphtylSiCl3. All-cis-(tetrahydroxy)(tetraphenyl)cyclotetrasiloxane was treated in acetone with HCl to give the other three geometric isomers (cis-cis-trans-, cis-trans-, and all-trans-). The thermal self-condensation of these four isomers under “pseudo”-equilibrium conditions (under atmospheric pressure) was investigated in different solvents, in quartz or molybdenum glass flasks. The compositions of the products were monitored by APCI-MS and 29Si NMR spectroscopy. It was shown that all-cis- and cis-cis-trans-isomers in toluene or anisole mostly gave the cage-like Ph-T8,10,12,14 and uncompleted cage-like Ph-T10,12OSi(HO)Ph compounds. In contrast to these two isomers, the cis-trans–isomer in toluene mainly formed dimers with the loss of one or two molecules of water. However, in acetonitrile, significant amounts of Ph-T10,12 and Ph-T10,12OSi(HO)Ph species were formed along with the dimers. All-trans-isomer did not enter into the reaction at all.
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Rzonsowska M, Kozakiewicz K, Mituła K, Duszczak J, Kubicki M, Dudziec B. Synthesis of Silsesquioxanes with Substituted Triazole Ring Functionalities and Their Coordination Ability. Molecules 2021; 26:439. [PMID: 33467746 PMCID: PMC7830482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthesis of a series of mono-T8 and difunctionalized double-decker silsesquioxanes bearing substituted triazole ring(s) has been reported within this work. The catalytic protocol for their formation is based on the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) process. Diverse alkynes were in the scope of our interest-i.e., aryl, hetaryl, alkyl, silyl, or germyl-and the latter was shown to be the first example of terminal germane alkyne which is reactive in the applied process' conditions. From the pallet of 15 compounds, three of them with pyridine-triazole and thiophenyl-triazole moiety attached to T8 or DDSQ core were verified in terms of their coordinating properties towards selected transition metals, i.e., Pd(II), Pt(II), and Rh(I). The studies resulted in the formation of four SQs based coordination compounds that were obtained in high yields up to 93% and their thorough spectroscopic characterization is presented. To our knowledge, this is the first example of the DDSQ-based molecular complex possessing bidentate pyridine-triazole ligand binding two Pd(II) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rzonsowska
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kozakiewicz
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Mituła
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Julia Duszczak
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Kubicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Beata Dudziec
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.K.); (K.M.); (J.D.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Progress in the Synthesis of Bifunctionalized Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11122098. [PMID: 31847358 PMCID: PMC6960853 DOI: 10.3390/polym11122098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) has been considered as one of the most promising nanofillers in academic and industrial research due to its unique multifunctional nanostructure, easy functionalization, hybrid nature, and high processability. The progress of POSS has been extensive, particularly applications based on single- or multiple-armed POSS. In polymer hybrids, in order to enhance the properties, bifunctional POSS has been incorporated into the backbone chain of the polymer. This review summarizes recent developments in the synthesis, modification, and application of bifunctional POSS-containing composite materials. This includes amino-POSS, hydroxyl-POSS, aromatic ring-POSS, ether-POSS, and vinyl groups-POSS and their applications, exemplified by polyurethanes (PUs) and polyimides (PIs). In addition, the review highlights the enhancement of thermal, mechanical, and optical properties of the composites.
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Synthesis and Characterization of Unsymmetrical Double-Decker Siloxane (Basket Cage). Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234252. [PMID: 31766625 PMCID: PMC6930635 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The one-pot synthesis of an unsymmetrical double-decker siloxane with a novel structure via the reaction of double-decker tetrasodiumsilanolate with 1 equiv. of dichlorotetraphenyldisiloxane in the presence of an acid is reported herein for the first time. The target compound bearing all phenyl substituents on the unsymmetrical siloxane structure was successfully obtained, as confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 29Si-NMR, IR, MALDI-TOF, and X-ray crystallography analyses. Additionally, the thermal properties of the product were evaluated by TG/DTA and compared with those of other siloxane cage compounds.
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Tanaka T, Hasegawa Y, Kawamori T, Kunthom R, Takeda N, Unno M. Synthesis of Double-Decker Silsesquioxanes from Substituted Difluorosilane. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Tanaka
- Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd., 48 Wadai, Tsukuba 300-4247, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Kawamori
- Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd., 48 Wadai, Tsukuba 300-4247, Japan
| | - Rungthip Kunthom
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takeda
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Masafumi Unno
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
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Vogelsang DF, Maleczka RE, Lee A. Predictive Liquid Chromatography Separation for Mixtures of Functionalized Double-Decker Shaped Silsesquioxanes Based on HPLC Chromatograms. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David F. Vogelsang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, Engineering Building, 428 South Shaw Lane, Room 2100, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226 United States
| | - Robert E. Maleczka
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322 United States
| | - Andre Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, Engineering Building, 428 South Shaw Lane, Room 2100, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226 United States
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Barry BD, Dannatt JE, King AK, Lee A, Maleczka RE. A general diversity oriented synthesis of asymmetric double-decker shaped silsesquioxanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8623-8626. [PMID: 31282512 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03972d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A strategically novel synthesis of nano-sized, asymmetrically functionalized double-decker shaped silsesquioxanes (DDSQ) is reported. Selective protection with a boronic acid affords the crucial mono-protected intermediate en route to the asymmetric products. Generation of symmetric by-products is minimized by judicious choice of base, and high recovery of recyclable starting DDSQ tetraol is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badru-Deen Barry
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Ln, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA.
| | - Jonathan E Dannatt
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Ln, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA.
| | - Austin K King
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Ln, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA.
| | - Andre Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 428 S. Shaw Ln, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, USA.
| | - Robert E Maleczka
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Ln, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322, USA.
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