A new 3D high connection Cu-based MOF introducing a flexible tetracarboxylic acid linker: Photocatalytic dye degradation

Multi-metallic MOF based composites for environmental applications: synergizing metal centers and interactions

The escalating threat of environmental issues to both nature and humanity over the past two decades underscores the urgency of addressing environmental pollutants. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as highly promising materials for tackling these challenges. Since their rise in popularity, extensive research has been conducted on MOFs, spanning from design and synthesis to a wide array of applications, such as environmental remediation, gas storage and separation, catalysis, sensors, biomedical and drug delivery systems, energy storage and conversion, and optoelectronic devices, etc. MOFs possess a multitude of advantageous properties such as large specific surface area, tunable porosity, diverse pore structures, multi-channel design, and molecular sieve capabilities, etc., making them particularly attractive for environmental applications. MOF-based composites inherit the excellent properties of MOFs and also exhibit unique physicochemical properties and structures. The tailoring of central coordinated metal ions in MOFs is critical for their adaptability in environmental applications. Although many reviews on monometallic, bimetallic, and polymetallic MOFs have been published, few reviews focusing on MOF-based composites with monometallic, bimetallic, and multi-metallic centers in the context of environmental pollutant treatment have been reported. This review addresses this gap by providing an in-depth overview of the recent progress in MOF-based composites, emphasizing their applications in hazardous gas sensing, electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA), and pollutant degradation in both aqueous and atmospheric environments and highlighting the importance of the number and type of metal centers present. Additionally, the various categories of MOFs are summarized. MOF-based composites demonstrate significant promise in addressing environmental challenges, and this review provides a clear and valuable perspective on their potential in environmental applications.

Two new 3D Supramolecular Frameworks as Photocatalysts for Degradation of Methyl Blue

We successfully synthesized two new supramolecular frameworks, namely {[Cu2(L1)(H2O)2]·(H2O)}n (1) and {[Ag(L2)(bpp)]2n·2(H2O)}n (2) (H2L1 = 2-hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoic acid, HL2 = 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-sulfonic acid) under hydrothermal condition. These single-crystal structures were determined via X-ray single crystal diffraction analyses. Solids 1 and 2 acted as photocatalysts and performed good photocatalytic activities for MB degradation under UV light irradiation.

Advances in Titanium Carbide (Ti3C2T x ) MXenes and Their Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)-Based Nanotextures for Solar Energy Applications: A Review

Introducing new materials with low cost and superior solar harvesting efficiency requires urgent attention to solve energy and environmental challenges. Titanium carbide (Ti3C2T x ) MXene, a 2D layered material, is a promising solution to solve the issues of existing materials due to their promising conductivity with low cost to function as a cocatalyst/support. On the other hand, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging materials due to their high surface area and semiconducting characteristics. Therefore, coupling them would be promising to form composites with higher solar harvesting efficiency. Thus, the main objective of this work to disclose recent development in Ti3C2T x -based MOF nanocomposites for energy conversion applications to produce renewable fuels. MOFs can generate photoinduced electron/hole pairs, followed by transfer of electrons to MXenes through Schottky junctions for photoredox reactions. Currently, the principles, fundamentals, and mechanism of photocatalytic systems with construction of Schottky junctions are critically discussed. Then the basics of MOFs are discussed thoroughly in terms of their physical properties, morphologies, optical properties, and derivatives. The synthesis of Ti3C2T x MXenes and their composites with the formation of surface functionals is systematically illustrated. Next, critical discussions are conducted on design considerations and strategies to engineer the morphology of Ti3C2T x MXenes and MOFs. The interfacial/heterojunction modification strategies of Ti3C2T x MXenes and MOFs are then deeply discussed to understand the roles of both materials. Following that, the applications of MXene-mediated MOF nanotextures in view of CO2 reduction and water splitting for solar fuel production are critically analyzed. Finally, the challenges and a perspective toward the future research of MXene-based MOF composites are disclosed.

Transformation behaviour of salts composed of calcium ions and phosphate esters with different linear alkyl chain structures in a simulated body fluid modified with alkaline phosphatase

Ceramic biomaterials have been used for the treatment of bone defects and have stimulated intense research on such materials. We have previously reported that a salt composed of calcium ions and a phosphate ester (SCPE) transformed into hydroxyapatite (HAp) in a simulated body fluid (SBF) modified with alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and proposed SCPEs as a new category of ceramic biomaterials, namely bioresponsive ceramics. However, the factors that affect the transformation of SCPEs to HAp in the SBF remained unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the behaviour of calcium salts of methyl phosphate (CaMeP), ethyl phosphate (CaEtP), butyl phosphate (CaBuP), and dodecyl phosphate (CaDoP) in SBF with and without ALP modification. For the standard SBF, an X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that these SCPEs did not readily transform into calcium phosphate. However, CaMeP, CaEtP, and CaBuP were transformed into HAp and octacalcium phosphate in the SBF modified with ALP; therefore, these SCPEs can be categorised as bioresponsive ceramics. Although CaDoP did not exhibit a sufficient response to ALP to be detected by XRD, it is likely to be a bioresponsive ceramic based on the results of morphological observations. The transformation rate for the SCPEs decreased with increasing size of the linear alkyl group of the phosphate esters. The rate-determining steps for the transformation reaction of the SCPEs were changed from the dissolution of the SCPEs to the hydrolysis of the phosphate esters with increasing size of the phosphate ester alkyl groups. These findings contribute to designing novel bioresponsive ceramic biomaterials.

Two new photoactive metal-organic compounds for degradation of methylene blue and treatment in ophthalmic local anesthesia

Two new metal-organic compounds, namely [Cu(CrO₄)(4,4'-bipy)(H₂O)]·n(H₂O) (1) together with [Mn(Cr₂O₇)(bpp)₂]_n (2) (4,4'-bipy is 4,4'-bipyridine and bpp is 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane), were hydrothermally generated, which were characterized structurally through a series of characterization techniques. Moreover, compounds 1 and 2 have 2.95 eV and 3.02 eV of narrow optical band gap values, and possess outstanding photocatalytic effects for the methylene blue degradation under irradiation of visible light. The application of above compounds in the ophthalmic local anesthesia was examined and the specific mechanism was tested. First of all, the acetylcholine content in the synaptic cleft was measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay after treated with the CPs. The acetylcholine receptor relative expression on nerve cells was subsequently measured via real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) under the treatment of compounds. In the end, the complexes' toxicity was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) detection.

Efficient photodegradation of dyes by a new 3D Cd(II) MOF with rare fsh topology

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be regarded as 3D coordination polymers that adopt ordered porous structures and possess abundant active sites, which make them promising photocatalysts for the degradation of organic...