Synthesis and characterization of graphitic carbon nitride supported Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethanes) g-C3N4/THAM) as a novel catalyst for the synthesis of poly hydroquinoline and pyranopyrazole derivatives

Innovative synthesis of nano-magnetic bio-organocatalysts from red mud waste for green polyhydroquinoline derivatives synthesis

The imperative of transforming waste materials into valuable nanomaterials via ecological recycling has emerged as a pivotal avenue for environmental stewardship. This research contributes to the "greening" of global chemical processes by introducing a magnetic biocatalyst derived from red mud waste. Emphasizing the use of glutamic acid as the second most effective step in obtaining a green catalyst is a key focus of this work. Leveraging cost-effective materials such as FeSO4, amino acid, and Fe2O3 isolated from red mud enhances the economic viability of the synthesized catalyst. Characterization of the newly developed nano-magnetic bio-organocatalysts was conducted using advanced spectroscopic techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating-sample magnetometers (VSM). The catalytic activity of Fe3O4@SiO2@(CH2)3@Gl was examined in the one-pot synthesis of polyhydroquinolines, showcasing short reaction times, high efficiency, ease of catalyst separation, and the potential for catalyst recycling as salient features of this work. This study pioneers the utilization of red mud waste for eco-friendly nanomaterial synthesis and underscores the economic and environmental significance of incorporating glutamic acid as a crucial element in the catalyst synthesis process.

Review on advancements of pyranopyrazole: synthetic routes and their medicinal applications

Pyranopyrazoles are among the most distinguished, biologically potent, and exciting scaffolds in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Synthesis and design of pyranopyrazoles using functional modifications via multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are thoroughly found in synthetic protocols by forming new C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds. This review aims to focus on the biological importance of pyranopyrazoles as well as on a diverse synthetic approach for their synthesis using various catalytic systems such as acid-catalyzed, base-catalyzed, ionic liquids and green media-catalyzed, nano-particle-catalyzed, metal oxide-supported catalysts, and silica-supported catalysts. In this review, we have summarized data on the advancements in synthesizing pyranopyrazole from the last two decades to the mid-2023 and research papers describing the importance of these scaffolds. This review will be significant for synthetic organic chemists and researchers working in organic chemistry.