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Influence of Different Carbon-Based Fillers on Electrical and Mechanical Properties of a PC/ABS Blend. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 12:polym12010029. [PMID: 31877984 PMCID: PMC7023663 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work examines the influence of different carbon-based fillers on the performance of electrically conductive polymer blend composites. More specifically, we examined and compared the effects of graphene (GR), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon black (CB) on a PC/ABS matrix by morphological investigation, electrical and physic-mechanical characterization. Electrical analyses showed volume resistivity decreased when the CNTs and CB content were increased, although the use of melt-mixed GR did not really influence this property. For the latter, solution blending was found to be more suitable to obtain better GR dispersion, and it obtained electrical percolation with a graphene content ranging from 0.5% to 1% by weight, depending on the solvent removal method that was applied. There was a gradual improvement in all of the composites’ dielectric properties, in terms of loss factor, with temperature and the concentration of the filler. As expected, the use of rigid fillers increased the composite stiffness, which is reflected in a continuous increment in the composites’ modulus of elasticity. The improvements in tensile strength and modulus were coupled with a reduction in impact strength, indicating a decrease in polymer toughness and flexibility. TEM micrographs allowed us to confirm previous results from studies on filler dispersion. According to this study and the comparison of the three carbon-based fillers, CNTs are the best filler choice in terms of electrical and mechanical performance.
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Realinho V, Arencón D, Antunes M, Velasco JI. Effects of a Phosphorus Flame Retardant System on the Mechanical and Fire Behavior of Microcellular ABS. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 11:polym11010030. [PMID: 30960014 PMCID: PMC6401830 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work deals with the study of phosphorus flame retardant microcellular acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) parts and the effects of weight reduction on the fire and mechanical performance. Phosphorus-based flame retardant additives (PFR), aluminum diethylphosphinate and ammonium polyphosphate, were used as a more environmentally friendly alternative to halogenated flame retardants. A 25 wt % of such PFR system was added to the polymer using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Subsequently, microcellular parts with 10, 15, and 20% of nominal weight reduction were prepared using a MuCell® injection-molding process. The results indicate that the presence of PFR particles increased the storage modulus and decreased the impact energy determined by means of dynamic-mechanical-thermal analysis and falling weight impact tests respectively. Nevertheless, the reduction of impact energy was found to be lower in ABS/PFR samples than in neat ABS with increasing weight reduction. This effect was attributed to the lower cell sizes and higher cell densities of the microcellular core of ABS/PFR parts. All ABS/PFR foams showed a self-extinguishing behavior under UL-94 burning vertical tests, independently of the weight reduction. Gradual decreases of the second peak of heat release rate and time of combustion with similar intumescent effect were observed with increasing weight reduction under cone calorimeter tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Realinho
- Centre Català del Plàstic, Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal·lúrgica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC Barcelona Tech), C/Colom 114, E-08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Arencón
- Centre Català del Plàstic, Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal·lúrgica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC Barcelona Tech), C/Colom 114, E-08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marcelo Antunes
- Centre Català del Plàstic, Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal·lúrgica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC Barcelona Tech), C/Colom 114, E-08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José Ignacio Velasco
- Centre Català del Plàstic, Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal·lúrgica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC Barcelona Tech), C/Colom 114, E-08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
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Che Ismail NH, Md. Akil H. Effects of organomodified muscovite on the properties of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nor Hafizah Che Ismail
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus; Universiti Sains Malaysia; 14300, Nibong Tebal Penang Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences; Universiti Teknologi MARA (Perlis); 02600, Arau Perlis Malaysia
| | - Hazizan Md. Akil
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus; Universiti Sains Malaysia; 14300, Nibong Tebal Penang Malaysia
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Di Pasquale G, Pollicino A. PMMA/o-MMT nanocomposites obtained using thermally stable surfactants. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonino Pollicino
- Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Catania; Catania Italia
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Al-Saleh MH, Sundararaj U. Microstructure, electrical, and electromagnetic interference shielding properties of carbon nanotube/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene nanocomposites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Livi S, Dufour C, Gaumont AC, Levillain J, Pham TN. Influence of the structure of the onium iodide salts on the properties of modified montmorillonite. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Parvinzadeh Gashti M, Moradian S. Effect of nanoclay type on dyeability of polyethylene terephthalate/clay nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Besco S, Modesti M, Lorenzetti A, Donadi S, McNally T. Effect of modified clay on the morphology and electric properties of PC/ABS-MWCNT composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Donadi S, Modesti M, Lorenzetti A, Besco S. PET/PA nanocomposite blends with improved gas barrier properties: Effect of processing conditions. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sánchez SE, Ibarra R. Processing and rheological behavior of ABS/montmorillonite nanocomposites via single screw capillary extrusion. POLYM ENG SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Optical and electromagnetic characteristics of clay–iron oxide nanocomposites. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-011-0310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Peng P, Shi B, Jia L, Li B. Relationship between Hansen Solubility Parameters of ABS and its Homopolymer Components of PAN, PB, and PS. J MACROMOL SCI B 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00222341003603693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Peng
- a Department of Chemistry , College of Science, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin, China
| | - Baoli Shi
- a Department of Chemistry , College of Science, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin, China
| | - Lina Jia
- a Department of Chemistry , College of Science, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin, China
| | - Bin Li
- a Department of Chemistry , College of Science, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin, China
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Galimberti M, Giudice S, Cipolletti V, Guerra G. Control of organoclay structure in hydrocarbon polymers. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Polyamide- and polycarbonate-based nanocomposites prepared from thermally stable imidazolium organoclay. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ghislandi M, de A. Prado LAS, de la Vega Oyerviedes A, Wittich H, Schulte K, Barros‐Timmons A. Functionalization of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) through atom transfer radical polymerization for the preparation of poly(
tert
‐butyl acrylate)/CNF materials: Spectroscopic, thermal, morphological, and physical characterizations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Ghislandi
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810‐193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Institut für Kunststoffe und Verbundwerkstoffe, Technische Universität Hamburg‐Harburg,Gebäude K, Hamburg, D‐21073 Germany
| | | | | | - Hans Wittich
- Institut für Kunststoffe und Verbundwerkstoffe, Technische Universität Hamburg‐Harburg,Gebäude K, Hamburg, D‐21073 Germany
| | - Karl Schulte
- Institut für Kunststoffe und Verbundwerkstoffe, Technische Universität Hamburg‐Harburg,Gebäude K, Hamburg, D‐21073 Germany
| | - Ana Barros‐Timmons
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810‐193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Modesti M, Besco S, Lorenzetti A, Zammarano M, Causin V, Marega C, Gilman JW, Fox DM, Trulove PC, De Long HC, Maupin P. Imidazolium-modified clay-based ABS nanocomposites: a comparison between melt-blending and solution-sonication processes. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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