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Li Q, Yan F, Texter J. Polymerized and Colloidal Ionic Liquids─Syntheses and Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3813-3931. [PMID: 38512224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The breadth and importance of polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) are steadily expanding, and this review updates advances and trends in syntheses, properties, and applications over the past five to six years. We begin with an historical overview of the genesis and growth of the PIL field as a subset of materials science. The genesis of ionic liquids (ILs) over nano to meso length-scales exhibiting 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D topologies defines colloidal ionic liquids, CILs, which compose a subclass of PILs and provide a synthetic bridge between IL monomers (ILMs) and micro to macro-scale PIL materials. The second focus of this review addresses design and syntheses of ILMs and their polymerization reactions to yield PILs and PIL-based materials. A burgeoning diversity of ILMs reflects increasing use of nonimidazolium nuclei and an expanding use of step-growth chemistries in synthesizing PIL materials. Radical chain polymerization remains a primary method of making PILs and reflects an increasing use of controlled polymerization methods. Step-growth chemistries used in creating some CILs utilize extensive cross-linking. This cross-linking is enabled by incorporating reactive functionalities in CILs and PILs, and some of these CILs and PILs may be viewed as exotic cross-linking agents. The third part of this update focuses upon some advances in key properties, including molecular weight, thermal properties, rheology, ion transport, self-healing, and stimuli-responsiveness. Glass transitions, critical solution temperatures, and liquidity are key thermal properties that tie to PIL rheology and viscoelasticity. These properties in turn modulate mechanical properties and ion transport, which are foundational in increasing applications of PILs. Cross-linking in gelation and ionogels and reversible step-growth chemistries are essential for self-healing PILs. Stimuli-responsiveness distinguishes PILs from many other classes of polymers, and it emphasizes the importance of segmentally controlling and tuning solvation in CILs and PILs. The fourth part of this review addresses development of applications, and the diverse scope of such applications supports the increasing importance of PILs in materials science. Adhesion applications are supported by ionogel properties, especially cross-linking and solvation tunable interactions with adjacent phases. Antimicrobial and antifouling applications are consequences of the cationic nature of PILs. Similarly, emulsion and dispersion applications rely on tunable solvation of functional groups and on how such groups interact with continuous phases and substrates. Catalysis is another significant application, and this is an historical tie between ILs and PILs. This component also provides a connection to diverse and porous carbon phases templated by PILs that are catalysts or serve as supports for catalysts. Devices, including sensors and actuators, also rely on solvation tuning and stimuli-responsiveness that include photo and electrochemical stimuli. We conclude our view of applications with 3D printing. The largest components of these applications are energy related and include developments for supercapacitors, batteries, fuel cells, and solar cells. We conclude with our vision of how PIL development will evolve over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - John Texter
- Strider Research Corporation, Rochester, New York 14610-2246, United States
- School of Engineering, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197, United States
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Vo TH, Lam PK, Hsiao TF, Chin CJM, Sheng YJ, Tsao HK. One-step Fabrication of Physical Eutectogel with Recyclability: Crystalline Domain Regulation Induced by Microgels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 659:495-502. [PMID: 38184992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Despite their non-volatility, low cost, and recyclability, physical eutectogels' appeal is hindered by the intricate fabrication process and the involvement of hazardous chemicals. The network of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride and glycerol) might be developed by the addition of microgels of polyacrylic acid (Carbopol). EXPERIMENTS Hydrogen-bond interactions between Carbopol and PVA are revealed through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The impact of microgels on crystalline domains and the polymer network can be observed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The physical properties of the eutectogel, including mechanical strength and ionic conductivity, are investigated as well. Finally, the strain-sensing ability and remarkable recyclability of the eutectogel are demonstrated. FINDINGS The physical eutectogel can be obtained through a one-step fabrication process using only green and low-cost materials. It demonstrates robust strength (1.02 MPa) and remarkable stretchability (1000 % strain). This is attributed to the uniform dispersion of PVA crystalline domains within the deep eutectic solvent, facilitated by the hydrogen bonds and space restriction effects between PVA and Carbopol. Furthermore, the physical eutectogel with recyclability can consistently generate electrical resistance signals, highlighting its potential as a reliable strain sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Hieu Vo
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Phuc Khanh Lam
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Fang Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ju Monica Chin
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jane Sheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Heng-Kwong Tsao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
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de Lacalle JL, Gallastegui A, Olmedo-Martínez JL, Moya M, Lopez-Larrea N, Picchio ML, Mecerreyes D. Multifunctional Ionic Polymers from Deep Eutectic Monomers Based on Polyphenols. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:125-132. [PMID: 36633542 PMCID: PMC9948532 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a novel family of deep eutectic monomers and the corresponding polymers, made of (meth)acrylic ammonium salts and a series of biobased polyphenols bearing catechol or pyrogallol motifs. Phenolic chemistry allows modulating molecular interactions by tuning the ionic polymer properties from soft adhesive to tough materials. For instance, pyrogallol and hydrocaffeic acid-derived ionic polymers showed outstanding adhesiveness (>1 MPa), while tannic acid/gallic acid polymers with dense hydrogen bond distribution afforded ultratough elastomers (stretchability ≈1000% and strength ≈3 MPa). Additionally, phenolic polymeric deep eutectic solvents (polyDES) featured metal complexation ability, antibacterial properties, and fast processability by digital light 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon López de Lacalle
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Antonela Gallastegui
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jorge L. Olmedo-Martínez
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Melissa Moya
- Laboratorio
de Investigación, Universidad de
Ciencias Médicas, 10108 San José, Costa
Rica,Facultad
de Microbiología, Universidad de
Ciencias Médicas, 10108 San José, Costa
Rica
| | - Naroa Lopez-Larrea
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Matías L. Picchio
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain,Instituto
de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química
(INTEC), CONICET, Güemes
3450, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina,E-mail:
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain,IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain,E-mail:
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Tertiary sulfonium/quaternary ammonium-containing silsesquioxane nanoparticles with lithium salts as potential hybrid electrolytes. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Facile preparation of stretchable and multifunctional ionic gels via frontal polymerization of polymerizable ternary deep eutectic monomers with a long pot life. Colloid Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-022-05035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Girase CD, Rajput YN, Hatkar VM, Kulkarni RD. Synthesis and characterizations of cationic poly(DADMAC-co-AM) surfactant for hair care applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rapid preparation of conductive and self-healing ionic gels with tunable mechanical properties via frontal polymerization of deep eutectic monomers. Colloid Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-022-05006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chen Y, Li S, Yan S. Starch as a reinforcement agent for poly(ionic liquid) hydrogels from deep eutectic solvent via frontal polymerization. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 263:117996. [PMID: 33858582 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, conductive starch/poly(ionic liquid) hydrogels from a polymerizable deep eutectic solvent (DES) by frontal polymerization (FP) were reported. The solubility and dispersibility for starch granules in the polymerizable DES was investigated. The effects of starch content on FP behaviors, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of composite hydrogels were studied. Results showed that starch could be partially dissolved and dispersed in the DES. Comparing with the pure poly(ionic liquid) hydrogel from DES (the tensile strength was 41 K Pa), the tensile strength of composite hydrogel could increased by 3.07 times and reached 126 K Pa. When the fixed strain was 80 %, its compressive strength could increase by 6 times and reaches 16.8 MPa. The main reason was that there was a strong interfacial interaction between starch and the polymer hydrogel network. The starch/poly(ionic liquid) composite hydrogels also had good electrical conductivity. Absorption of water could increase the conductivity of the composite hydrogel significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Shengfang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China.
| | - Shilin Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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