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Li X, Zheng R, Wang C, Chang H, Chen S, Wang L, Cui X, Liu Y, Li J, Yu G, Shi J. Preparation and Properties of Low-Dielectric Polyimide Films Containing Tert-Butyl. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:984. [PMID: 38611242 PMCID: PMC11014062 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The design of high-performance polyimide (PI) films and understanding the relationship of the structure-dielectric property are of great significance in the field of the microelectronics industry, but are challenging. Herein, we describe the first work to construct a series of novel tert-butyl PI films (denoted as PI-1, PI-2, PI-3, and PI-4) based on a low-temperature polymerization strategy, which employed tetracarboxylic dianhydride (pyromellitic anhydride, 3,3',4,4'-biphenyl tetracarboxylic anhydride, 4,4'-diphenyl ether dianhydride, and 3,3',4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic anhydride) and 4,4'-diamino-3,5-ditert butyl biphenyl ether as monomers. The results indicate that introducing tert-butyl branches in the main chain of PIs can enhance the free volume of the molecular chain and reduce the interaction between molecular chains of PI, resulting in a low dielectric constant. Particularly, the optimized PI-4 exhibits an excellent comprehensive performance with a high (5) wt% loss temperature (454 °C), tensile strength (117.40 MPa), and maximum hydrophobic angle (80.16°), and a low dielectric constant (2.90), which outperforms most of the results reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (G.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Rongrong Zheng
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (G.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 522000, China
| | - Haiyang Chang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 522000, China
| | - Shuwu Chen
- Aromatics Laboratory, Liaoyang Petrochemical Company, Liaoyang 111003, China;
| | - Liyan Wang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (G.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Xue Cui
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (G.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Yutao Liu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (G.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Junhao Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (G.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Guangning Yu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (G.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Ji Shi
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang 111003, China; (X.L.); (L.W.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (J.L.); (G.Y.); (J.S.)
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Tang J, Li W, Wang Z. Facile synthesis of soluble, self-crosslinkable and crystalline polyimides with ultrahigh thermal/chemical resistance. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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High-Transparency and Colorless Polyimide Film Prepared by Inhibiting the Formation of Chromophores. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194242. [PMID: 36236190 PMCID: PMC9571026 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorless polyimides (CPIs) with outstanding mechanical properties are essential materials in the production of flexible display panels, foldable windows, and even spacecraft cockpits. This paper specifically elaborates that the Morkit unit, and azo and nitro chromophores are important factors contributing to yellow PI, together with the well-known charge transfer complex (CTC) theory. Three diamine monomers, two anhydrides monomers, and three blockers were used to inhibit chromophores formation and, thus, obtain CPI films. The cut-off wavelength was blue-shifts to 334 nm and the transmittance is improved to 98.9% in the UV–vis range. Mechanical and thermal properties of the CPI films are not reduced through coupling effects of the blockers. Therefore, the inhibition method of the Morkit units and chromophore groups is a promising process for preparing CPIs to be used as flexible display materials.
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Ren X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Yang C, Dai S, Wang X, Liu J. Preparation and Properties of Intrinsically Black Polyimide Films with CIE Lab Color Parameters Close to Zero and High Thermal Stability for Potential Applications in Flexible Printed Circuit Boards. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183881. [PMID: 36146026 PMCID: PMC9502500 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Black polymer films with high thermal stability are highly desired in flexible electrical and electronic fields. Conventional black polymer films based on high-temperature resistant polymers and black inorganic dyes are usually suffered from the poor electrical and tensile properties. In the current work, a series of intrinsically black polyimide (BPI) films with International Commission on Illumination (CIE) Lab optical parameters close to zero and high thermal stability have been designed and prepared. For this purpose, an electron-rich aromatic diamine, 4,4′-iminodianiline (NDA), was copolymerized with 1,4-phenylenediamine (PDA) and 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (sBPDA) to afford a series of poly(amic acid) (PAA) solutions, which were then thermally dehydrated to provide the final BPI films at elevated temperatures up to 400 °C in air. The molar fraction of NDA in the total diamine monomers was 0 for BPI-0 (sBPDA-PDA), 10% for BPI-1, 20% for BPI-2, 30% for BPI-3, 40% for BPI-4, 50% for BPI-5, and 100% for BPI-6. For comparison, two referenced polyimide (PI) films, including PI-ref1 and PI-ref2, were prepared according to a similar procedure. The former was derived from pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) and the latter was from PMDA and NDA. The BPI films exhibited an increasing degree of blackness with the increasing contents of NDA units in the polymer films. For example, the BPI-6 (sBPDA-NDA) film exhibited the optical transmittance of 1.4% at a wavelength of 650 nm (T650), which was obviously lower than those of PI-ref1 (T650 = 74.6%) and PI-ref2 (T650 = 3.6%). In addition, the BPI-6 film showed the CIE Lab parameters of 0.39 for L*, 2.65 for a*, 0.66 for b*, and haze of 1.83, which was very close to the criterion of “pure blackness” for polymer films (L* = a* = b* = 0). At last, incorporation of the NDA units in the rigid-rod BPI-0 (BPDA-PDA) film slightly deteriorated the high-temperature dimensional stability of the derived BPI films. BPI-6 film showed a linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) value of 34.8 × 10−6/K in the temperature range of 50 to 250 °C, which was higher than those of the BPI-0 (CTE = 12.3 × 10−6/K), PI-ref1 (CTE = 29.5 × 10−6/K), and PI-ref2 (CTE = 18.8 × 10−6/K) films. Nevertheless, the BPI films maintained good thermal stability with the 5% weight loss temperatures (T5%) higher than 590 °C, and the glass transition temperatures (Tg) higher than 340 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.L.); Tel.: +86-10-8232-2972 (J.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jingang Liu
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.L.); Tel.: +86-10-8232-2972 (J.L.)
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Influence of structural isomerism on the aggregate structure and barrier performance of polyimide: evaluation by experiment and simulation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Jiao L, Du Z, Dai X, Wang H, Dong Z, Yao H, Qiu X. Based on rigid xanthone group and hydrogen bonding to construct polyimide films with low coefficient of thermal expansion, high temperature resistance, and fluorescent property. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Jiao L, Zhang Y, Du Z, Dai X, Wang H, Dong Z, Yao H, Qiu X. Ultra‐high
T
g
and ultra‐low coefficient of thermal expansion polyimide films based on hydrogen bond interaction. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Long Jiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Yanna Zhang
- The 39th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Xi'an China
| | - Zhijun Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Xuemin Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Hanfu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Zhixin Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
| | - Haibo Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Xuepeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of High‐Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
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Multifunctional polyimide films with superheat-resistance, low coefficient of thermal expansion and fluorescence performance. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Liu J, Li J, Wang T, Huang D, Li Z, Zhong A, Liu W, Sui Y, Liu Q, Niu F, Zhang G, Sun R. Organosoluble thermoplastic polyimide with improved thermal stability and UV absorption for temporary bonding and debonding in ultra-thin chip package. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Xiao P, He X, zheng F, Lu Q. Super-heat resistant, transparent and low dielectric polyimides based on spirocyclic bisbenzoxazole diamines with Tg > 450°C. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00513a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining ultra-high heat resistance and sufficient colorless transparency at the same time is a challenge for polymer materials because of conflicting design principles, but such materials are urgently needed for...
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Fang Y, He X, Kang JC, Wang L, Ding TM, Lu X, Zhang SY, Lu Q. Terphenyl-based colorless and heat-resistant polyimides with a controlled molecular structure using methyl side groups. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00732k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A methyl regulation strategy is proposed and verified to balance the optical and thermal properties of aromatic polyimides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Fang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical & Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road No. 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaojie He
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Tongji University, Siping Road No. 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jun-Chen Kang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical & Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road No. 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Le Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical & Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road No. 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tong-Mei Ding
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical & Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road No. 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuemin Lu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical & Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road No. 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shu-Yu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical & Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road No. 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qinghua Lu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical & Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Road No. 800, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Comparison of high-performance polyimide copolymer fibers containing pyrimidine moieties based on coplanar structures. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Huangfu MG, Shen DX, Zhi XX, Zhang Y, Jia YJ, An YC, Wei XY, Liu JG. Preparation and Characterization of Electrospun Fluoro-Containing Poly(imide-benzoxazole) Nano-Fibrous Membranes with Low Dielectric Constants and High Thermal Stability. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:537. [PMID: 33669852 PMCID: PMC7923222 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of advanced high-frequency mobile communication techniques has advanced urgent requirements for polymer materials with high-temperature resistance and good dielectric properties, including low dielectric constants (low-Dk) and low dielectric dissipation factors (low-Df). The relatively poor dielectric properties of common polymer candidates, such as standard polyimides (PIs) greatly limited their application in high-frequency areas. In the current work, benzoxazole units were successfully incorporated into the molecular structures of the fluoro-containing PIs to afford the poly(imide-benzoxazole) (PIBO) nano-fibrous membranes (NFMs) via electrospinning fabrication. First, the PI NFMs were prepared by the electrospinning procedure from organo-soluble PI resins derived from 2,2'-bis(3,4-dicarboxy-phenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) and aromatic diamines containing ortho-hydroxy-substituted benzamide units, including 2,2-bis[3-(4-aminobenzamide)-4-hydroxylphenyl]hexafluoropropane (p6FAHP) and 2,2-bis[3-(3-aminobenzamide)-4-hydroxyphenyl]hexafluoropropane (m6FAHP). Then, the PI NFMs were thermally dehydrated at 350 °C in nitrogen to afford the PIBO NFMs. The average fiber diameters (dav) for the PIBO NFMs were 1225 nm for PIBO-1 derived from PI-1 (6FDA-p6FAHP) precursor and 816 nm for PIBO-2 derived from PI-2 (6FDA-m6FAHP). The derived PIBO NFMs showed good thermal stability with the glass transition temperatures (Tgs) over 310 °C and the 5% weight loss temperatures (T5%) higher than 500 °C in nitrogen. The PIBO NFMs showed low dielectric features with the Dk value of 1.64 for PIBO-1 and 1.82 for PIBO-2 at the frequency of 1 MHz, respectively. The Df values were in the range of 0.010~0.018 for the PIBO NFMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ge Huangfu
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (M.-G.H.); (X.-X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-C.A.); (X.-Y.W.)
| | - Deng-Xiong Shen
- Aerospace Research Institute of Materials& Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China;
| | - Xin-Xin Zhi
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (M.-G.H.); (X.-X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-C.A.); (X.-Y.W.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (M.-G.H.); (X.-X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-C.A.); (X.-Y.W.)
| | - Yan-Jiang Jia
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (M.-G.H.); (X.-X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-C.A.); (X.-Y.W.)
| | - Yuan-Cheng An
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (M.-G.H.); (X.-X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-C.A.); (X.-Y.W.)
| | - Xin-Ying Wei
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (M.-G.H.); (X.-X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-C.A.); (X.-Y.W.)
| | - Jin-Gang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; (M.-G.H.); (X.-X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.-J.J.); (Y.-C.A.); (X.-Y.W.)
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