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Yang J, Jia Y, Fan C, Cheng Y, Pan C, Huang B, Meng X, Zhang J, Zheng A, Ma X, Li X, Luque R, Sun Y. Aqueous Room Temperature Mono-Dehydration of Sugar Alcohols Using Functionalized Yttrium Oxide Nanocatalysts. Front Chem 2020; 8:532. [PMID: 32793546 PMCID: PMC7390900 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aqueous room temperature mono-dehydration of sugar alcohols (D-sorbitol and D-mannitol) was conducted using functionalized yttrium oxide nanocatalysts prepared via sol-gel methods. Materials exhibited high selectivity to mono-dehydration products. Solvent and catalyst effects were also investigated and discussed. The introduction of titanium into the yttrium oxide framework would decrease both substrate conversion and mono-dehydration efficiency. In addition, studies of the catalytic mechanism indicate high mono-dehydration efficiency may come from the stability of the formed intermediate during catalysis. This work provides a highly efficient and benign system for catalytic mono-dehydration of sugar alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yihong Jia
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Fan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Pan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Benhua Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xu Meng
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aqun Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomo Ma
- College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyong Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rafael Luque
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Andelman T, Gordonov S, Busto G, Moghe PV, Riman RE. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Y(2)O(3) Nanoparticles of Various Morphologies. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2009; 5:263-273. [PMID: 20672046 PMCID: PMC2894361 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-009-9445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
As the field of nanotechnology continues to grow, evaluating the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles is important in furthering their application within biomedicine. Here, we report the synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles of different morphologies of yttrium oxide, a promising material for biological imaging applications. Nanoparticles of spherical, rod-like, and platelet morphologies were synthesized via solvothermal and hydrothermal methods and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), light scattering, surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and zeta potential measurements. Nanoparticles were then tested for cytotoxicity with human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells, with the goal of elucidating nanoparticle characteristics that influence cytotoxicity. Cellular response was different for the different morphologies, with spherical particles exhibiting no cytotoxicity to HFF cells, rod-like particles increasing cell proliferation, and platelet particles markedly cytotoxic. However, due to differences in the nanoparticle chemistry as determined through the characterization techniques, it is difficult to attribute the cytotoxicity responses to the particle morphology. Rather, the cytotoxicity of the platelet sample appears due to the stabilizing ligand, oleylamine, which was present at higher levels in this sample. This study demonstrates the importance of nanoparticle chemistry on in vitro cytotoxicity, and highlights the general importance of thorough nanoparticle characterization as a prerequisite to understanding nanoparticle cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Andelman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Simon Gordonov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Gabrielle Busto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Prabhas V Moghe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Richard E Riman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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