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Estimation of the Blast Furnace Hearth State Using an Inverse-Problem-Based Wear Model. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12081302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An undisturbed and well-controlled hearth state is an essential prerequisite for achieving a long campaign life and low production costs in an ironmaking blast furnace, because hearth wear and hot metal and slag drainage are crucial factors in its operation. With the objective to estimate the hearth state of the refractory of a three-taphole blast furnace, a wear model of the hearth erosion and skull formation was developed. The model is based on thermocouple readings in the hearth lining and solves an inverse heat conduction problem for a series of co-axial vertical slices, where the erosion and skull lines are optimized simultaneously. The model is optimized for fast computation by adopting a novel procedure featuring fixed mesh during the looping calculation. The results revealed that the hearth refractory showed an elephant-foot-shaped profile with excessive erosion in the hearth periphery, indicating that liquid flows are suppressed in the hearth bottom and that the permeability of the core of the deadman is low. These findings were further elaborated and confirmed by a comparison between the estimated hearth state and other key operation variables, including the coke rate, blast kinetic energy, and residual carbon appetite of the hot metal.
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Nijssen TM, Hoeks I, Manjunath V, Kuipers HA, van der Stel J, Adema AT, Buist KA. Experiments and simulations on a cold-flow blast furnace hearth model. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE: X 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cesx.2022.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Abstract
The blast furnace campaign length is today usually restricted by the hearth life, which is strongly related to the drainage and behavior of the coke bed in the hearth, usually referred to as the dead man. Because the hearth is inaccessible and the conditions are complex, knowledge and understanding of the state of the dead man are still limited compared to other parts of the blast furnace process. Since a number of publications have studied different aspects of the dead man in the literature, the purpose of the current review is to compile the findings and knowledge in a comprehensive document. We mainly focus on contributions with respect to the dead man state, and those assessing its influence on the hearth performance in terms of liquid flow patterns, lining wear and drainage behavior. A set of common modeling approaches in this specific furnace area is also briefly presented. The aim of the review is also to deepen the understanding and stimulate further research on open questions related to the dead man in the blast furnace hearth.
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Ejtehadi O, Rahimi A, Myong R. Investigation of a trifold interaction mechanism of shock, vortex, and dust using a DG method in a two-fluid model framework. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wei G, Zhang H, An X, Jiang S. Influence of particle shape on microstructure and heat transfer characteristics in blast furnace raceway with CFD-DEM approach. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lichtenegger T. Fast Eulerian-Lagrangian simulations of moving particle beds under pseudo-steady-state conditions. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.10.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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