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Xu Y, Yao Y, Yu L, Fung HL, Tang AHN, Ng IOL, Wong MYM, Che CM, Yun JP, Cui Y, Yam JWP. Clathrin light chain A facilitates small extracellular vesicle uptake to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Hepatol Int 2023; 17:1490-1499. [PMID: 37354358 PMCID: PMC10660914 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocytosis is a fundamental process for internalizing small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). The present study aimed to elucidate the role of clathrin light chain A (CLTA) in sEV uptake in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS CLTA expression was analyzed by bioinformatics, quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. The clinical relevance of CLTA was analyzed by Fisher's exact test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and multivariate cox regression model. The functions of CLTA in sEV uptake and cancerous properties were examined by PKH67-sEV uptake, MTT, colony formation, and transwell assays. Mass spectrometry was used to identify the downstream effectors of CLTA. CLTA inhibitor, Pitstop 2, was tested in a mouse model of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). RESULTS CLTA expression was higher in tumor tissues than in non-tumorous liver tissues and progressively increased from the early to late tumor stage. CLTA overexpression was associated with larger tumor size and poor prognosis in HCC. Cellular CLTA contributed to the sEV uptake, resulting in enhanced cancerous properties. Mechanistically, CLTA increases capping actin protein gelsolin-like (CAPG) expression to facilitate sEV uptake, thereby promoting the proliferation, motility, and invasiveness of HCC cells. What's more, the CLTA inhibitor Pitstop 2 alone or in combination with sorafenib attenuated tumor growth in mice implanted with PDXs. CONCLUSIONS The study reveals the role of CLTA in sEV uptake to promote HCC progression. Inhibition of CLTA and its mediated pathway illuminate a new therapeutic strategy for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 7/F Block T, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yao
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 7/F Block T, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 7/F Block T, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hiu Ling Fung
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 7/F Block T, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alexander Hin Ning Tang
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 7/F Block T, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Irene Oi-Lin Ng
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 7/F Block T, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Melody Y M Wong
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Judy Wai Ping Yam
- Department of Pathology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 7/F Block T, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Wu Q, Tan Z, Xiong Y, Gu C, Zhou J, Yang H, Zhou J. Comprehensive analysis of ferroptosis-related genes for clinical and biological significance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:69. [PMID: 37198416 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00677-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to build a prognostic model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with ferroptosis-associated genes and explore their molecular function. METHODS Gene expression data and clinical information were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). A ferroptosis-associated gene set was obtained from the FerrDb database to identify differentially expressed genes. Then, we performed pathway enrichment analysis and immune infiltration analysis. A combined model based on ferroptosis-associated genes for predicting the overall survival of HCC was built by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, colony formation, CCK-8, and EdU incorporation assays were performed to clarify the function of CAPG in the regulation of cell proliferation in human HCC. Ferroptosis was evaluated by glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total iron detection. RESULTS Forty-nine ferroptosis-related genes were significantly correlated with HCC, 19 of which had prognostic significance. CAPG, SLC7A11 and SQSTM1 were used to construct a novel risk model. The areas under the curves (AUCs) were 0.746 and 0.720 (1 year) in the training and validation groups, respectively. The survival analysis indicated that patients with high risk scores exhibited worse survival in the training and validation groups. The risk score was also identified as an independent prognostic factor of overall survival (OS), which established and validated the predictive abilities of the nomogram. The risk score was also significantly correlated with the expression of immune checkpoint genes. In vitro data showed that CAPG knockdown dramatically suppressed HCC cell proliferation, and the underlying molecular mechanisms might be that the silencing of CAPG reduced the expression of SLC7A11 and promoted ferroptosis. CONCLUSION The established risk model can be used to predict the prognosis of HCC. At the mechanistic level, CAPG may drive HCC progression by regulating SLC7A11, and ferroptosis activation in HCC patients with high CAPG expression may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixian Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenlin Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengxin Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Hui Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiyuan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Dietsch B, Weller C, Sticht C, de la Torre C, Kramer M, Goerdt S, Géraud C, Wohlfeil SA. Hepatic passaging of NRAS-mutant melanoma influences adhesive properties and metastatic pattern. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:436. [PMID: 37179302 PMCID: PMC10182637 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver metastasis is a poor prognostic factor for treatment of advanced cutaneous melanoma with either immunotherapy or targeted therapies. In this study we focused on NRAS mutated melanoma, a cohort with high unmet clinical need. METHODS WT31 melanoma was repeatedly passaged over the liver after intravenous injections five times generating the subline WT31_P5IV. The colonization of target organs, morphology, vascularization and the gene expression profiles of metastases were analyzed. RESULTS After intravenous injection lung metastasis was significantly decreased and a trend towards increased liver metastasis was detected for WT31_P5IV as compared to parental WT31. Besides, the ratio of lung to liver metastases was significantly smaller. Histology of lung metastases revealed reduced proliferation of WT31_P5IV in relation to WT31 while both size and necrotic areas were unaltered. Liver metastases of both sublines showed no differences in vascularization, proliferation or necrosis. To identify tumor-intrinsic factors that altered the metastatic pattern of WT31_P5IV RNA sequencing was performed and revealed a differential regulation of pathways involved in cell adhesion. Ex vivo fluorescence imaging confirmed that initial tumor cell retention in the lungs was significantly reduced in WT31_P5IV in comparison to WT31. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that tumor-intrinsic properties influencing the metastatic pattern of NRAS mutated melanoma are strongly affected by hepatic passaging and the hematogenous route tumor cells take. It has implications for the clinical setting as such effects might also occur during metastatic spread or disease progression in melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Dietsch
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Céline Weller
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolina de la Torre
- NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Kramer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Small Animal Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sergij Goerdt
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cyrill Géraud
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian A Wohlfeil
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, and Center of Excellence in Dermatology, Mannheim, Germany.
- Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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Tumor Suppressor Role of INPP4B in Chemoresistant Retinoblastoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:2270097. [PMID: 36993823 PMCID: PMC10042642 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2270097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The chemotherapy of retinoblastoma (RB), a malignant ocular childhood disease, is often limited by the development of resistance against commonly used drugs. We identified inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) as a differentially regulated gene in etoposide-resistant RB cell lines, potentially involved in the development of RB resistances. INPP4B is controversially discussed as a tumor suppressor and an oncogenic driver in various cancers, but its role in retinoblastoma in general and chemoresistant RB in particular is yet unknown. In the study presented, we investigated the expression of INPP4B in RB cell lines and patients and analyzed the effect of INPP4B overexpression on etoposide resistant RB cell growth in vitro and in vivo. INPP4B mRNA levels were significantly downregulated in RB cells lines compared to the healthy human retina, with even lower expression levels in etoposide-resistant compared to the sensitive cell lines. Besides, a significant increase in INPP4B expression was observed in chemotherapy-treated RB tumor patient samples compared to untreated tumors. INPP4B overexpression in etoposide-resistant RB cells resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability with reduced growth, proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and in ovo tumor formation. Caspase-3/7-mediated apoptosis was concomitantly increased, suggesting a tumor suppressive role of INPP4B in chemoresistant RB cells. No changes in AKT signaling were discernible, but p-SGK3 levels increased following INPP4B overexpression, indicating a potential regulation of SGK3 signaling in etoposide-resistant RB cells. RNAseq analysis of INPP4B overexpressing, etoposide-resistant RB cell lines revealed differentially regulated genes involved in cancer progression, mirroring observed in vitro and in vivo effects of INPP4B overexpression and strengthening INPP4B’s importance for cell growth control and tumorigenicity.
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Fu Y, Zhang X, Liang X, Chen Y, Chen Z, Xiao Z. CapG promoted nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell motility involving Rho motility pathway independent of ROCK. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:347. [PMID: 36258216 PMCID: PMC9580211 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gelsolin-like capping actin protein (CapG) modulates actin dynamics and actin-based motility with a debatable role in tumorigenic progression. The motility-associated functions and potential molecular mechanisms of CapG in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain unclear. Methods CapG expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of NPC tissue specimens and by Western blotting assay in a variety of NPC cell lines. Loss of function and gain of function of CapG in scratch wound-healing and transwell assays were performed. Inactivation of Rac1 and ROCK with the specific small molecular inhibitors was applied to evaluate CapG’s role in NPC cell motility. GTP-bound Rac1 and phosphorylated-myosin light chain 2 (p-MLC2) were measured in the ectopic CapG overexpressing cells. Finally, CapG-related gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to figure out the significant CapG-associated pathways in NPC. Results CapG disclosed increased level in the poorly differentiated NPC tissues and highly metastatic cells. Knockdown of CapG reduced NPC cell migration and invasion in vitro, while ectopic CapG overexpression showed the opposite effect. Ectopic overexpression of CapG compensated for the cell motility loss caused by simultaneous inactivation of ROCK and Rac1 or inactivation of ROCK alone. GTP-bound Rac1 weakened, and p-MLC2 increased in the CapG overexpressing cells. Bioinformatics analysis validated a positive correlation of CapG with Rho motility signaling, while Rac1 motility pathway showed no significant relationship. Conclusions The present findings highlight the contribution of CapG to NPC cell motility independent of ROCK and Rac1. CapG promotes NPC cell motility at least partly through MLC2 phosphorylation and contradicts with Rac1 activation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-022-02808-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, 451191, Henan, China
| | - Xujun Liang
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuchu Chen
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhefeng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Wang G, Liu H, An L, Hou S, Zhang Q. CAPG facilitates diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell progression through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Hum Immunol 2022; 83:832-842. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Qian F, Wei G, Gao Y, Wang X, Gong J, Guo C, Wang X, Zhang X, Zhao J, Wang C, Xu M, Hu Y, Yin G, Kang J, Chai R, Xie G, Liu D. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of zebrafish hair cells reveals novel genes potentially involved in hearing loss. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:385. [PMID: 35753015 PMCID: PMC11072488 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hair cells play key roles in hearing and balance, and hair cell loss would result in hearing loss or vestibular dysfunction. Cellular and molecular research in hair cell biology provides us a better understanding of hearing and deafness. Zebrafish, owing to their hair cell-enriched organs, have been widely applied in hair cell-related research worldwide. Similar to mammals, zebrafish have inner ear hair cells. In addition, they also have lateral line neuromast hair cells. These different types of hair cells vary in morphology and function. However, systematic analysis of their molecular characteristics remains lacking. In this study, we analyzed the GFP+ cells isolated from Tg(Brn3c:mGFP) larvae with GFP expression in all hair cells using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). Three subtypes of hair cells, namely macula hair cell (MHC), crista hair cell (CHC), and neuromast hair cell (NHC), were characterized and validated by whole-mount in situ hybridization analysis of marker genes. The hair cell scRNA-seq data revealed hair cell-specific genes, including hearing loss genes that have been identified in humans and novel genes potentially involved in hair cell formation and function. Two novel genes were discovered to specifically function in NHCs and MHCs, corresponding to their specific expression in NHCs and MHCs. This study allows us to understand the specific genes in hair cell subpopulations of zebrafish, which will shed light on the genetics of both human vestibular and cochlear hair cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuping Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Guanyun Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yajing Gao
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Jie Gong
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Chao Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Jinxiang Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Mengting Xu
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yuebo Hu
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Guoli Yin
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Jiahui Kang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100864, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Gangcai Xie
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
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Cornelison R, Marrah L, Horter D, Lynch S, Li H. Targeting AVIL, a New Cytoskeleton Regulator in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413635. [PMID: 34948433 PMCID: PMC8706274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common adult neural malignancy and the deadliest. The standard of care is optimal, safe, cytoreductive surgery followed by combined radiation therapy and alkylating chemotherapy with temozolomide. Recurrence is common and therapeutic options in the recurrent setting are limited. The dismal prognosis of GBM has led to novel treatments being a serious roadblock in the field, with most new treatments failing to show efficacy. Targeted therapies have shown some success in many cancers, but GBM remains one of the most difficult to treat, especially in recurrence. New chemotherapeutic directions need to be explored, possibly expanding the targeted chemotherapy spectrum in previously unforeseen ways. In this perspective paper, we will explain why AVIL, an actin-binding protein recently found to be overexpressed in GBM and a driving force for GBM, could prove versatile in the fight against cancer. By looking at AVIL and its potential to regulate FOXM1 and LIN28B, we will be able to highlight a way to improve outcomes for GBM patients who normally have very little hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cornelison
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (R.C.); (L.M.); (D.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Laine Marrah
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (R.C.); (L.M.); (D.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Drew Horter
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (R.C.); (L.M.); (D.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Sarah Lynch
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (R.C.); (L.M.); (D.H.); (S.L.)
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; (R.C.); (L.M.); (D.H.); (S.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-434-982-6624
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Prescher N, Hänsch S, Knobbe-Thomsen CB, Stühler K, Poschmann G. The migration behavior of human glioblastoma cells is influenced by the redox-sensitive human macrophage capping protein CAPG. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:81-93. [PMID: 33711419 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The macrophage capping protein CAPG belongs to the gelsolin superfamily which modulates actin dynamics by capping the growing end of actin filaments in a Ca2+- and PIP2-dependent manner resulting in polymerization inhibition of actin filaments. In the last years, additional functions for CAPG in transcription regulation were described and higher CAPG amounts have been linked to increased invasiveness and migration behavior in different human tumor entities like e.g. glioblastoma. Nevertheless, there is a lack of knowledge how additional functions of CAPG are regulated. As CAPG contains several cysteine residues which may be accessible to oxidation we were especially interested to investigate how alterations in the cysteine oxidation state may influence the function, localization, and regulation of CAPG. In the present study, we provide strong evidence that CAPG is a redox-sensitive protein and identified two cysteines: C282 and C290 as reversibly oxidized in glioblastoma cell lines. Whereas no evidence could be found that the canonical actin capping function of CAPG is redox-regulated, our results point to a novel role of the identified cysteines in the regulation of cell migration. Along with this, we found a localization shift out of the nucleus of CAPG and RAVER1, a potential interaction partner identified in our study which might explain the observed altered cell migration properties. The newly identified redox sensitive cysteines of CAPG could perspectively be considered as new targets for controlling tumor invasive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Prescher
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hänsch
- Department of Biology, Center for Advanced Imaging (CAi), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christiane B Knobbe-Thomsen
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf and University Hospital, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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