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Zheng S, He S, Liang Y, Tan Y, Liu Q, Liu T, Lu X. Understanding PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in squamous cell carcinoma: mutated PIK3CA as an example. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:13. [PMID: 38616230 PMCID: PMC11016524 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Compared with those in adenocarcinoma, PIK3CA mutations are more common in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which arises from stratified squamous epithelia that are usually exposed to adverse environmental factors. Although hotspot mutations in exons 9 and 20 of PIK3CA, including E542K, E545K, H1047L and H1047R, are frequently encountered in the clinic, their clinicopathological meaning remains to be determined in the context of SCC. Considering that few reviews on PIK3CA mutations in SCC are available in the literature, we undertook this review to shed light on the clinical significance of PIK3CA mutations, mainly regarding the implications and ramifications of PIK3CA mutations in malignant cell behavior, prognosis, relapse or recurrence and chemo- or radioresistance of SCC. It should be noted that only those studies regarding SCC in which PIK3CA was mutated were cherry-picked, which fell within the scope of this review. However, the role of mutated PIK3CA in adenocarcinoma has not been discussed. In addition, mutations occurring in other main members of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway other than PIK3CA were also excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo He
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Huang YC, Sung MY, Lin TK, Kuo CY, Hsu YC. Chinese herbal medicine compound of flavonoids adjunctive treatment for oral cancer. J Formos Med Assoc 2023:S0929-6646(23)00409-6. [PMID: 37919197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a prevalent global issue, with oral squamous cell carcinoma constituting the majority of cases. Standard treatments like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are available but may have adverse effects. Molecular gene therapy, focusing on genetic mutations linked to oral cancer, presents a promising alternative.In this study, we evaluated 27 chemotherapeutic drugs and 63 Chinese herbal medicines for their effectiveness, categorized them by their cellular mechanisms, and identified potential adjuvant therapy candidates for oral cancer. Our findings highlight the impact of natural flavonoids on oral cancer cells, inducing apoptosis, and confirming their potential in molecular genetic analysis. In conclusion, the natural compounds present in Chinese herbal medicine, particularly flavonoids, offer a promising avenue to target specific genetic mutations in oral cancer cells. This approach may reduce the risks associated with oral cancer treatment and pave the way for innovative adjuvant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chao Huang
- Health Services Training Center HSTC, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yi Sung
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Kun Lin
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Pharmaceutical Management Division, Medical Affairs Bureau, Ministry of National Defense, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yen Kuo
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Center for Astronautical Physics and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Moura ACD, Assad DX, Amorim Dos Santos J, Porto de Toledo I, Barra GB, Castilho RM, Squarize CH, Guerra ENS. Worldwide prevalence of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway mutations in head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 160:103284. [PMID: 33675910 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the prevalence of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway mutations in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Overall, 105 studies comprising 8630 patients and 1306 mutations were selected. The estimated mutations prevalence was 13 % for PIK3CA (95 % confidence interval [CI] = 11-14; I2 = 82 %; p < 0.0001), 4% for PTEN (95 % CI = 3-5; I2 = 55 %; p < 0.0001), 3% for MTOR (95 % CI = 2-4; I2 = 5%; p = 0.40), and 2% for AKT (95 % CI = 1-2; I2 = 50 %; p = 0.0001). We further stratified the available data of the participants according to risk factors and tumor characteristics, including HPV infection, tobacco use, alcohol exposure, TNM stage, and histological tumor differentiation, and performed subgroup analysis. We identified significant associations between PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway-associated mutations and advanced TNM stage (odds ratio [OR] = 0.20; 95 % CI = 0.09-0.44; I² = 71 %; p = 0.0001) and oropharyngeal HPV-positive tumors and PIK3CA mutations (OR = 17.48; 95 % CI = 4.20-72.76; I² = 69 %; p < 0.0002). No associations were found between alcohol and tobacco exposure, and tumor differentiation grade. This SR demonstrated that the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway emerges as a potential prognostic factor and could offer a molecular basis for future studies on therapeutic targeting in HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Castelo de Moura
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB-UnB/Ebserh), Brasília, DF, Brazil; Hospital Santa Lúcia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Daniele Xavier Assad
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Amorim Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Isabela Porto de Toledo
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Barcelos Barra
- Sabin Medicina Diagnóstica, SAAN Quadra 03 Lotes 145/185, Brasília, 70632-340, DF, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Division of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry. Ann Arbor, 48109-1078, MI, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Cristiane Helena Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Division of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry. Ann Arbor, 48109-1078, MI, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil; Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Division of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry. Ann Arbor, 48109-1078, MI, USA.
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