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Mitiureva D, Sysoeva O, Proshina E, Portnova G, Khayrullina G, Martynova O. Comparative analysis of resting-state EEG functional connectivity in depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 342:111828. [PMID: 38833944 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are psychiatric disorders that often co-occur. We aimed to investigate whether their high comorbidity could be traced not only by clinical manifestations, but also at the level of functional brain activity. In this paper, we examined the differences in functional connectivity (FC) at the whole-brain level and within the default mode network (DMN). Resting-state EEG was obtained from 43 controls, 26 OCD patients, and 34 MDD patients. FC was analyzed between 68 cortical sources, and between-group differences in the 4-30 Hz range were assessed via the Network Based Statistic method. The strength of DMN intra-connectivity was compared between groups in the theta, alpha and beta frequency bands. A cluster of 67 connections distinguished the OCD, MDD and control groups. The majority of the connections, 8 of which correlated with depressive symptom severity, were found to be weaker in the clinical groups. Only 3 connections differed between the clinical groups, and one of them correlated with OCD severity. The DMN strength was reduced in the clinical groups in the alpha and beta bands. It can be concluded that the high comorbidity of OCD and MDD can be traced at the level of FC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Mitiureva
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Centre for Cognition & Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Sysoeva
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Sirius Center for Cognitive Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Proshina
- Centre for Cognition & Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Galina Portnova
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Guzal Khayrullina
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Centre for Cognition & Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Martynova
- Laboratory of Human Higher Nervous Activity, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
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2
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Vriend C, de Joode NT, Pouwels PJW, Liu F, Otaduy MCG, Pastorello B, Robertson FC, Ipser J, Lee S, Hezel DM, van Meter PE, Batistuzzo MC, Hoexter MQ, Sheshachala K, Narayanaswamy JC, Venkatasubramanian G, Lochner C, Miguel EC, Reddy YCJ, Shavitt RG, Stein DJ, Wall M, Simpson HB, van den Heuvel OA. Age of onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder differentially affects white matter microstructure. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1033-1045. [PMID: 38228890 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Previous diffusion MRI studies have reported mixed findings on white matter microstructure alterations in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), likely due to variation in demographic and clinical characteristics, scanning methods, and underpowered samples. The OCD global study was created across five international sites to overcome these challenges by harmonizing data collection to identify consistent brain signatures of OCD that are reproducible and generalizable. Single-shell diffusion measures (e.g., fractional anisotropy), multi-shell Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) and fixel-based measures, were extracted from skeletonized white matter tracts in 260 medication-free adults with OCD and 252 healthy controls. We additionally performed structural connectome analysis. We compared cases with controls and cases with early (<18) versus late (18+) OCD onset using mixed-model and Bayesian multilevel analysis. Compared with healthy controls, adult OCD individuals showed higher fiber density in the sagittal stratum (B[SE] = 0.10[0.05], P = 0.04) and credible evidence for higher fiber density in several other tracts. When comparing early (n = 145) and late-onset (n = 114) cases, converging evidence showed lower integrity of the posterior thalamic radiation -particularly radial diffusivity (B[SE] = 0.28[0.12], P = 0.03)-and lower global efficiency of the structural connectome (B[SE] = 15.3[6.6], P = 0.03) in late-onset cases. Post-hoc analyses indicated divergent direction of effects of the two OCD groups compared to healthy controls. Age of OCD onset differentially affects the integrity of thalamo-parietal/occipital tracts and the efficiency of the structural brain network. These results lend further support for the role of the thalamus and its afferent fibers and visual attentional processes in the pathophysiology of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Vriend
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Compulsivity, Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Niels T de Joode
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Compulsivity, Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Petra J W Pouwels
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Brain Imaging, Amsterdam Neuroscience, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Feng Liu
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Maria C G Otaduy
- LIM44, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Instituto e Departamento de Radiologia da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pastorello
- LIM44, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Instituto e Departamento de Radiologia da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Frances C Robertson
- Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Ipser
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Dianne M Hezel
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Page E van Meter
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Marcelo C Batistuzzo
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders Program, LIM23, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Instituto & Departamento de Psiquiatria da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Methods and Techniques in Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Q Hoexter
- LIM44, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Instituto e Departamento de Radiologia da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karthik Sheshachala
- National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Christine Lochner
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Euripedes C Miguel
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders Program, LIM23, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Instituto & Departamento de Psiquiatria da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Y C Janardhan Reddy
- National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Roseli G Shavitt
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders Program, LIM23, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Instituto & Departamento de Psiquiatria da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Melanie Wall
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Helen Blair Simpson
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Odile A van den Heuvel
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, and Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Compulsivity, Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Liu Q, Gao F, Wang X, Xia J, Yuan G, Zheng S, Zhong M, Zhu X. Cognitive inflexibility is linked to abnormal frontoparietal-related activation and connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5460-5470. [PMID: 37683103 PMCID: PMC10543351 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it was acknowledged that patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) would exhibit cognitive inflexibility, the underlying neural mechanism has not been fully clarified. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the neural substrates involved in cognitive inflexibility among individuals with OCD. A total of 42 patients with OCD and 48 healthy controls (HCs) completed clinical assessment and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data collection during cued task switching. Behavioral performances and fMRI activation were compared between the OCD group and the HC group. Psychophysiological interactions (PPIs) analyses were applied to explore functional connectivity related to task switching. Pearson correlation was used to investigate the relationships among behavioral performance, fMRI activity, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in OCD. The OCD group had a greater switch cost than HCs (χ2 = 5.89, p < .05). A significant difference in reaction time was found during switch (χ2 = 17.72, p < .001) and repeat (χ2 = 16.60, p = .018) between the two groups, while there was no significant difference in group accuracy. Comparison of group differences showed that the OCD group had increased activation in the right superior parietal cortex (rSPL) during task switching, and exhibited increased connectivity of frontoparietal network/default mode network (FPN-DMN; i.e., middle frontal gyrus [MFG]/inferior parietal cortex-precuneus, MFG-middle/posterior cingulate gyrus) and within the FPN (inferior parietal cortex-postcentral gyrus). In the OCD group, the compulsion score was positively correlated with accuracy during switch (r = .405, p = .008, FDRq <.05), and negatively correlated with activation of rSPL (r = -.328, p = .034, FDRq >.05). Patients with OCD had impaired cognitive flexibility and cautious response strategy. The neural mechanism of cognitive inflexibility in OCD may involve increased activation in the rSPL, as well as hyperconnectivity within the FPN and between the FPN and DMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Medical Psychological Centerthe Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Medical Psychological Institute of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersChangshaHunanChina
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
- School of PsychologySouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Center for Studies of Psychological ApplicationSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Feng Gao
- Medical Psychological Centerthe Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Medical Psychological Institute of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersChangshaHunanChina
| | - Xiang Wang
- Medical Psychological Centerthe Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Medical Psychological Institute of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jie Xia
- Medical Psychological Centerthe Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Medical Psychological Institute of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersChangshaHunanChina
| | - Gangxuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
- School of PsychologySouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Center for Studies of Psychological ApplicationSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuxin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
- School of PsychologySouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Center for Studies of Psychological ApplicationSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Mingtian Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of EducationGuangzhouChina
- School of PsychologySouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Center for Studies of Psychological ApplicationSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiongzhao Zhu
- Medical Psychological Centerthe Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Medical Psychological Institute of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersChangshaHunanChina
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Uzun Cicek A, Ucuz I, Isık CM, Temelli G. Evaluation of cognitive disengagement syndrome in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical implications. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1449-1462. [PMID: 37073420 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231169137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) has been found to be associated with internalizing symptoms. Yet, no study thus far has focused on whether there is an association between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and CDS. The purpose of this study is to examine the symptom frequency and clinical implications of CDS in children with OCD. The study included sixty-one children with OCD and sixty-six typically developing children. Children were evaluated by a semi-constructed diagnosis interview, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, Barkley Child Attention Scale, and Stroop test. The frequency of elevated symptoms of CDS, and total time, total error, and total correction scores of the Stroop test were significantly higher in the OCD group compared to the controls. Elevated CDS symptoms were significantly associated with higher OCD symptom prevalence and poorer performance on the Stroop Test. Moreover, poor insight, hoarding symptoms, mental compulsions, and ADHD comorbidity were significantly higher in those with elevated CDS symptoms than in those without CDS in the OCD group. The findings of this study provide clinical implications that CDS symptoms may contribute to deficits in attentional orientation, conceptual flexibility, and cognitive processing speed in OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Uzun Cicek
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Ucuz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Cansu Mercan Isık
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Diyarbakir Gazi Yasargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Gürkan Temelli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
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Biria M, Banca P, Healy MP, Keser E, Sawiak SJ, Rodgers CT, Rua C, de Souza AMFLP, Marzuki AA, Sule A, Ersche KD, Robbins TW. Cortical glutamate and GABA are related to compulsive behaviour in individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder and healthy controls. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3324. [PMID: 37369695 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38695-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been little analysis of neurochemical correlates of compulsive behaviour to illuminate its underlying neural mechanisms. We use 7-Tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to assess the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission by measuring glutamate and GABA levels in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and supplementary motor area (SMA) of healthy volunteers and participants with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Within the SMA, trait and clinical measures of compulsive behaviour are related to glutamate levels, whereas a behavioural index of habitual control correlates with the glutamate:GABA ratio. Participants with OCD also show the latter relationship in the ACC while exhibiting elevated glutamate and lower GABA levels in that region. This study highlights SMA mechanisms of habitual control relevant to compulsive behaviour, common to the healthy sub-clinical and OCD populations. The results also demonstrate additional involvement of anterior cingulate in the balance between goal-directed and habitual responding in OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Biria
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK.
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK.
| | - Paula Banca
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Máiréad P Healy
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Engin Keser
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Stephen J Sawiak
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EL, UK
| | - Christopher T Rodgers
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Catarina Rua
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Maria Frota Lisbôa Pereira de Souza
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Aleya A Marzuki
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Akeem Sule
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karen D Ersche
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK.
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK.
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Caulfield MK, Hallion LS. Impaired disengagement from worry: Dissociating the impacts of valence and internally-directed attention. Behav Res Ther 2023; 161:104242. [PMID: 36641981 PMCID: PMC9892290 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2022.104242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Worry is a repetitive, negative thought process that is widely experienced as difficult to control. Despite the adverse effects of uncontrollable worry on academic and other role functioning, the mechanisms by which worry becomes uncontrollable remain poorly understood. Previous experimental work has historically emphasized valence (negative versus positive or neutral). However, contemporary cognitive neuroscience also distinguishes between internally-directed attention (e.g., to thoughts) and externally-directed attention (e.g., to perceptual stimuli). To date, no studies have experimentally examined potential dissociable contributions of valence versus attentional direction to impaired disengagement from worry. In a 2 (negative or neutral valence) x 2 (internal or external attention) between-subjects, experimental and prospective design (https://osf.io/vdyfn/), participants (N = 200) completed alternating blocks of a randomly-assigned attention manipulation and validated sustained attention task. Participants also rated trait worry and distress during the experimental session (T1) and a naturalistic stressor (the week before finals; T2). There was a main effect, such that internally-directed attention impaired sustained attention (increased commission errors). Worry (internal x negative) also impaired sustained attention (faster and less accurate responding) in planned group contrasts. Trait worry did not moderate these effects. Sustained attention at T1 did not predict distress or worry during the T2 stressor. These findings augment the literature on the attentional consequences of worry and replicate and extend previous findings of altered speed-accuracy tradeoffs following experimentally-induced worry. We also find evidence for impaired disengagement from internally-directed (versus externally-directed) attention, which may help to explain impaired disengagement from related forms of perseverative thought (e.g., rumination).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Caulfield
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Lauren S Hallion
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, United States.
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Zhou Z, Li B, Jiang J, Li H, Cao L, Zhang S, Gao Y, Zhang L, Qiu C, Huang X, Gong Q. Abnormal resting-state functional connectivity of the insula in medication-free patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:742. [PMID: 36447147 PMCID: PMC9710058 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of the insula has been increasingly mentioned in neurocircuitry models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) for its role in affective processing and regulating anxiety and its wide interactions with the classic cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit. However, the insular resting-state functional connectivity patterns in OCD remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate characteristic intrinsic connectivity alterations of the insula in OCD and their associations with clinical features. METHODS We obtained resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 85 drug-free OCD patients and 85 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). We performed a general linear model to compare the whole-brain intrinsic functional connectivity maps of the bilateral insula between the OCD and HC groups. In addition, we further explored the relationship between the intrinsic functional connectivity alterations of the insula and clinical features using Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with OCD exhibited increased intrinsic connectivity between the bilateral insula and bilateral precuneus gyrus extending to the inferior parietal lobule and supplementary motor area. Decreased intrinsic connectivity was only found between the right insula and bilateral lingual gyrus in OCD patients relative to HC subjects, which was negatively correlated with the severity of depression symptoms in the OCD group. CONCLUSION In the current study, we identified impaired insular intrinsic connectivity in OCD patients and the dysconnectivity of the right insula and bilateral lingual gyrus associated with the depressive severity of OCD patients. These findings provide neuroimaging evidence for the involvement of the insula in OCD and suggest its potential role in the depressive symptoms of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Zhou
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Li
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Jiang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailong Li
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxiao Cao
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Suming Zhang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Yingxue Gao
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqing Zhang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041, Chengdu, China. .,Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Science (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guo Xue Xiang, 610041 Chengdu, China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Science (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Yu J, Xie M, Song S, Zhou P, Yuan F, Ouyang M, Wang C, Liu N, Zhang N. Functional Connectivity within the Frontal–Striatal Network Differentiates Checkers from Washers of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12080998. [PMID: 36009061 PMCID: PMC9406102 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12080998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder with high clinical heterogeneity manifested by the presence of obsessions and/or compulsions. The classification of the symptom dimensional subtypes is helpful for further exploration of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the clinical heterogeneity of OCD. Washing and checking symptoms are the two major symptom subtypes in OCD, but the neural mechanisms of the different types of symptoms are not yet clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to compare regional and network functional alterations between washing and checking OCD based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Methods: In total, 90 subjects were included, including 15 patients in the washing group, 30 patients in the checking group, and 45 healthy controls (HCs). Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was used to compare the differences in regional spontaneous neural activity among the three groups, and local indicators were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves as imaging markers for the prediction of the clinical subtypes of OCD. Furthermore, differently activated local brain areas, as regions of interest (ROIs), were used to explore differences in altered brain functioning between washing and checking OCD symptoms based on a functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Results: Extensive abnormalities in spontaneous brain activity involving frontal, temporal, and occipital regions were observed in the patients compared to the HCs. The differences in local brain functioning between checking and washing OCD were mainly concentrated in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus, right angular gyrus, and right inferior occipital gyrus. The ROC curve analysis revealed that the hyperactivation right middle frontal gyrus had a better discriminatory value for checking and washing OCD. Furthermore, the seed-based FC analysis revealed higher FC between the left medial superior frontal gyrus and right caudate nucleus compared to that in the healthy controls. Conclusions: These findings suggest that extensive local differences exist in intrinsic spontaneous activity among the checking group, washing group, and HCs. The neural basis of checking OCD may be related to dysfunction in the frontal–striatal network, which distinguishes OCD from washing OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Yu
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China; (J.Y.); (M.X.); (S.S.); (M.O.); (C.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Minyao Xie
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China; (J.Y.); (M.X.); (S.S.); (M.O.); (C.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Shasha Song
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China; (J.Y.); (M.X.); (S.S.); (M.O.); (C.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Medical Psychology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China;
| | - Fangzheng Yuan
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, 122 Ninghai Road, Nanjing 210024, China;
| | - Mengyuan Ouyang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China; (J.Y.); (M.X.); (S.S.); (M.O.); (C.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Chun Wang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China; (J.Y.); (M.X.); (S.S.); (M.O.); (C.W.); (N.Z.)
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ning Zhang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China; (J.Y.); (M.X.); (S.S.); (M.O.); (C.W.); (N.Z.)
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9
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Chen S, Zhong H, Mei G. Stable abnormalities of contrast discrimination sensitivity in subthreshold depression: A longitudinal study. Psych J 2022; 11:194-204. [PMID: 35168295 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Subthreshold depression (StD), as a subclinical state, is highly prevalent and increases the risk for developing major depressive disorder (MDD). Although several studies have reported deficits of contrast sensitivity in MDD patients, it is unclear whether individuals with StD could demonstrate deficits of contrast sensitivity and whether the deficits could remain stable over time. Here we used a contrast discrimination task (a suprathreshold task) and a contrast detection task (a near-threshold task) to compare contrast sensitivity of the StD group with that of matched non-depressed controls. For each task, a spatial four-alternative forced-choice method and a psychophysical QUEST procedure were used to measure contrast discrimination threshold or contrast detection threshold. Participants performed an initial assessment and a follow-up assessment 4 months later. Compared to the non-depressed controls, individuals with StD demonstrated reduced contrast discrimination sensitivity, not only at the initial assessment but also at the follow-up assessment, indicating a stable abnormality. Contrast discrimination thresholds at the initial assessment did not predict changes of depression symptom severity over time. For contrast detection sensitivity, there was no significant difference between the StD group and non-depressed controls. We concluded that contrast discrimination testing might provide a trait-dependent biomarker for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Chen
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Education, Guiyang Ninth High School, Guiyang, China
| | - Han Zhong
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gaoxing Mei
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
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10
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Li X, Li H, Jiang X, Li J, Cao L, Liu J, Xing H, Huang X, Gong Q. Characterizing multiscale modular structures in medication-free obsessive-compulsive disorder patients with no comorbidity. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:2391-2399. [PMID: 35170143 PMCID: PMC8996347 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain networks exhibit signatures of modular structure, which maintains a fine trade‐off between wiring cost and efficiency of information transmission. Alterations in modular structure have been found in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, previous studies were focused on a single scale (i.e., modularity or intra/intermodular connectivity) for investigation. Here, we recruited 92 OCD patients and 90 healthy controls. A comprehensive analysis was performed on modular architecture alterations in the voxelwise functional connectome at the “global” (modularity), “meso” (modular segregation and within‐ and between‐module connections), and “local” (participation coefficients, PC) scales. We also examined the correlation between modular structure metrics and clinical symptoms. The findings revealed that (1) there was no significant group difference in global modularity; (2) both primary modules (visual network, sensorimotor network) and high‐order modules (dorsal attention network, frontoparietal network) exhibited lower modular segregation in OCD patients, which was mainly driven by increased numbers of between‐module connections; and (3) OCD patients showed higher PC in several connectors including the bilateral middle occipital gyri, left medial orbital frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, left posterior cingulate gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus, and lower PC in the right lingual gyrus. Moreover, these alterations in modular structure were associated with clinical symptoms in patients. Our findings provide further insights into the involvement of different modules in functional network dysfunction in OCD from a connectomic perspective and suggest a synergetic mechanism of module interactions that may be related to the pathophysiology of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxiao Cao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoyang Xing
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
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11
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Dougherty DD, Peters AT, Grant JE, Peris TS, Ricketts EJ, Migó M, Chou T, O'Neill J, Stein DJ, Lochner C, Keuthen N, Piacentini J, Deckersbach T. Neural Basis of Associative Learning in Trichotillomania and Skin-Picking Disorder. Behav Brain Res 2022; 425:113801. [PMID: 35183617 PMCID: PMC8940679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Disorders such as Trichotillomania (TTM) and skin-picking disorder (SPD) are associated with reduced flexibility and increased internally focused attention. While the basal ganglia have been hypothesized to play a key role, the mechanisms underlying learning and flexible accommodation of new information is unclear. Using a Bayesian Learning Model, we evaluated the neural basis of learning and accommodation in individuals with TTM and/or SPD. Participants were 127 individuals with TTM and/or SPD (TTM/SPD) recruited from three sites (age 18-57, 84% female) and 26 healthy controls (HC). During fMRI, participants completed a shape-button associative learning and reversal fMRI task. Above-threshold clusters were identified where the Initial Learning-Reversals BOLD activation contrast differed significantly (p < .05 FDR-corrected) between the two groups. A priori, effects were anticipated in predefined ROIs in bilateral basal ganglia, with exploratory analyses in the hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Relative to HC, individuals with TTM/SPD demonstrated reduced activation during initial learning compared to reversal learning in the right basal ganglia. Similarly, individuals with TTM/SPD demonstrated reduced activation during initial learning compared to reversal learning in several clusters in the dlPFC and dACC compared to HC. Individuals with TTM/SPD may form or reform visual stimulus-motor response associations through different brain mechanisms than healthy controls. The former exhibit altered activation within the basal ganglia, dlPFC, and dACC during an associative learning task compared to controls, reflecting reduced frontal-subcortical activation during initial learning. Future work should determine whether these neural deficits may be restored with targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darin D Dougherty
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Amy T Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jon E Grant
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tara S Peris
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Emily J Ricketts
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Marta Migó
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tina Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joseph O'Neill
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Christine Lochner
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Nancy Keuthen
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John Piacentini
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Thilo Deckersbach
- Psychology Program, University of Applied Sciences Europe, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Stern ER, Eng GK, De Nadai AS, Iosifescu DV, Tobe RH, Collins KA. Imbalance between default mode and sensorimotor connectivity is associated with perseverative thinking in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:19. [PMID: 35022398 PMCID: PMC8755709 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is highly heterogeneous. Although perseverative negative thinking (PT) is a feature of OCD, little is known about its neural mechanisms or relationship to clinical heterogeneity in the disorder. In a sample of 85 OCD patients, we investigated the relationships between self-reported PT, clinical symptom subtypes, and resting-state functional connectivity measures of local and global connectivity. Results indicated that PT scores were highly variable within the OCD sample, with greater PT relating to higher severity of the "unacceptable thoughts" symptom dimension. PT was positively related to local connectivity in subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), pregenual ACC, and the temporal poles-areas that are part of, or closely linked to, the default mode network (DMN)-and negatively related to local connectivity in sensorimotor cortex. While the majority of patients showed higher local connectivity strengths in sensorimotor compared to DMN regions, OCD patients with higher PT scores had less of an imbalance between sensorimotor and DMN connectivity than those with lower PT scores, with healthy controls exhibiting an intermediate pattern. Clinically, this imbalance was related to both the "unacceptable thoughts" and "symmetry/not-just-right-experiences" symptom dimensions, but in opposite directions. These effects remained significant after accounting for variance related to psychiatric comorbidity and medication use in the OCD sample, and no significant relationships were found between PT and global connectivity. These data indicate that PT is related to symptom and neural variability in OCD. Future work may wish to target this circuity when developing personalized interventions for patients with these symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R. Stern
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.250263.00000 0001 2189 4777Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY USA
| | - Goi Khia Eng
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.250263.00000 0001 2189 4777Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY USA
| | - Alessandro S. De Nadai
- grid.264772.20000 0001 0682 245XDepartment of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX USA
| | - Dan V. Iosifescu
- grid.240324.30000 0001 2109 4251Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.250263.00000 0001 2189 4777Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY USA
| | - Russell H. Tobe
- grid.250263.00000 0001 2189 4777Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY USA
| | - Katherine A. Collins
- grid.250263.00000 0001 2189 4777Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY USA
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13
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Geffen T, Smallwood J, Finke C, Olbrich S, Sjoerds Z, Schlagenhauf F. Functional connectivity alterations between default mode network and occipital cortex in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Neuroimage Clin 2021; 33:102915. [PMID: 34933233 PMCID: PMC8688720 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Altered brain network connectivity is a potential biomarker for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A meta-analysis of resting-state MRI studies by Gürsel et al. (2018) described altered functional connectivity in OCD patients within and between the default mode network (DMN), the salience network (SN), and the frontoparietal network (FPN), as well as evidence for aberrant fronto-striatal circuitry. Here, we tested the replicability of these meta-analytic rsfMRI findings by measuring functional connectivity during resting-state fMRI in a new sample of OCD patients (n = 24) and matched controls (n = 33). We performed seed-to-voxel analyses using 30 seed regions from the prior meta-analysis. OCD patients showed reduced functional connectivity between the SN and the DMN compared to controls, replicating previous findings. We did not observe significant group differences of functional connectivity within the DMN, SN, nor FPN. Additionally, we observed reduced connectivity between the visual network to both the DMN and SN in OCD patients, in particular reduced functional connectivity between lateral parietal seeds and the left inferior lateral occipital pole. Furthermore, the right lateral parietal seed (associated with the DMN) was more strongly correlated with a cluster in the right lateral occipital cortex and precuneus (a region partly overlapping with the Dorsal Attentional Network (DAN)) in patients. Importantly, this latter finding was positively correlated to OCD symptom severity. Overall, our study partly replicated prior meta-analytic findings, highlighting hypoconnectivity between SN and DMN as a potential biomarker for OCD. Furthermore, we identified changes between the SN and the DMN with the visual network. This suggests that abnormal connectivity between cortex regions associated with abstract functions (transmodal regions such as the DMN), and cortex regions associated with constrained neural processing (unimodal regions such as the visual cortex), may be important in OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Geffen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Carsten Finke
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Olbrich
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zsuzsika Sjoerds
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain & Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Florian Schlagenhauf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Altered functional connectivity of the dorsal attention network among problematic social network users. Addict Behav 2021; 116:106823. [PMID: 33460991 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Many smartphone users spend excessive amounts of time online and cannot control their behavior, and the addictive overuse of social-networking services has been shown to be associated with diminished executive control. Attentional control is a cognitive process crucial to exerting executive functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate functional connectivity (FC) characteristics of attention networks in problematic social-network users. We performed seed-based resting-state FC analyses for 29 males and 10 females with excessive social network use and 32 healthy males and 17 healthy females. The right intraparietal sulcus and frontal eye fields were considered seeds of the dorsal attention network (DAN), and the right temporoparietal junction and ventral frontal cortex were considered seeds of the ventral attention network (VAN). Clinical characteristics predictive of FC findings in problematic social network users were identified through hierarchical multiple regression analysis. In FC analysis with DAN seeds, FC between the right intraparietal sulcus and the right middle occipital gyrus was stronger in problematic social network users than in controls, and FC between the right frontal eye field and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was weaker than that in controls. There was no significant difference between the groups in FC analysis with VAN seeds. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that usage times on social networking platforms significantly predicted the negative effects on the strength of FC between the intraparietal sulcus and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These findings indicated that problematic social network use reflects changes in the neural circuits underlying attentional control. Weaking of prefrontal control for attention networks would have a significant impact on failure to control one's time spent on social networks.
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15
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Frontoparietal hyperconnectivity during cognitive regulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder followed by reward valuation inflexibility. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:657-666. [PMID: 33187688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by cognitive deficits and altered reward processing systems. An imbalance between cognitive and reward pathways may explain the lack of control over obsessions followed by rewarding compulsive behaviors. While the processes of emotional cognitive regulation are widely studied in OCD, the mechanisms of cognitive regulation of reward are poorly described. Our goal was to investigate the OCD impact on cognitive regulation of reward at behavioral and neural functioning levels. OCD and control participants performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging task where they cognitively modulated their craving for food pictures under three cognitive regulation conditions: indulge/increase craving, distance/decrease craving, and natural/no regulation of craving. After regulation, the participants gave each picture a monetary value. We found that OCD patients had fixed food valuation scores while the control group modulated these values accordingly to the regulation conditions. Moreover, we observed frontoparietal hyperconnectivity during cognitive regulation. Our results suggest that OCD is characterized by deficits in cognitive regulation of internal states associated with inflexible behavior during reward processing. These findings bring new insights into the nature of compulsive behaviors in OCD.
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16
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Dikmeer N, Besiroglu L, Di Biase MA, Zalesky A, Kasal MI, Bilge A, Durmaz E, Polat S, Gelal F, Zorlu N. White matter microstructure and connectivity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and their unaffected siblings. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2021; 143:72-81. [PMID: 33029781 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine white matter microstructure and connectivity in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and their unaffected siblings, relative to healthy controls. METHODS Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) scans were acquired in 30 patients with OCD, 21 unaffected siblings, and 31 controls. We examined white matter microstructure using measures of fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD). Structural networks were examined using network-based statistic (NBS). RESULTS Compared to controls, OCD patients showed significantly reduced FA and increased RD in clusters traversing the left forceps minor, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, and cingulum. Furthermore, the OCD group displayed significantly weaker connectivity (quantified by the streamline count) compared to controls in the right hemisphere, most notably in edges connecting subcortical structures to temporo-occipital cortical regions. The sibling group showed intermediate streamline counts, FA and RD values between OCD and healthy control groups in connections found to be abnormal in patients with OCD. However, these reductions did not significantly differ compared to controls. CONCLUSION Therefore, siblings of OCD patients display intermediate levels in dMRI measures of microstructure and connectivity, suggesting white matter abnormalities might be related to the familial predisposition for OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Dikmeer
- Department of Psychiatry, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Lutfullah Besiroglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Maria A Di Biase
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Meltem I Kasal
- Department of Psychiatry, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Bilge
- Department of Psychiatry, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ercan Durmaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Serap Polat
- Department of Psychiatry, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fazil Gelal
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nabi Zorlu
- Department of Psychiatry, Katip Celebi University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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17
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Valderrama J, Hansen SK, Pato C, Phillips K, Knowles J, Pato MT. Greater history of traumatic event exposure and PTSD associated with comorbid body dysmorphic disorder in a large OCD cohort. Psychiatry Res 2020; 289:112962. [PMID: 32446006 PMCID: PMC9017948 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined whether or not there are differential rates of traumatic event exposure and presumed Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) between individuals with OCD without comorbid presumed BDD (OCD-Non-BDD) and individuals with OCD with comorbid presumed BDD (OCD+BDD) within a large cohort of OCD participants (N = 605). Individuals in the OCD+BDD group had significantly higher rates of endorsing at least one lifetime traumatic event and presumed PTSD than individuals with OCD-Non-BDD. Additionally, individuals in the OCD+BDD group with comorbid presumed PTSD had significantly higher rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) and presumed panic disorder (PD). A logistic regression analysis revealed that presumed PTSD significantly predicted the presence of BDD symptoms among individuals who experienced at least one lifetime traumatic event in our sample. These findings suggest that individuals in the OCD+BDD group were more likely to have experienced a traumatic event in their lives, to experience presumed PTSD, and to have MDD and presumed PD than individuals in the OCD-Non-BDD group. Clinical implications and possible mechanistic pathways from trauma exposure to OCD and BDD symptomatology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Valderrama
- Institute for Genomic Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA,Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Stella Kim Hansen
- Institute for Genomic Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Carlos Pato
- Institute for Genomic Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA,Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Katharine Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Knowles
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Michele T. Pato
- Institute for Genomic Health, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA,Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA,College of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Chen T, Su H, Zhong N, Tan H, Li X, Meng Y, Duan C, Zhang C, Bao J, Xu D, Song W, Zou J, Liu T, Zhan Q, Jiang H, Zhao M. Disrupted brain network dynamics and cognitive functions in methamphetamine use disorder: insights from EEG microstates. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:334. [PMID: 32580716 PMCID: PMC7315471 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02743-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction in brain network dynamics has been found to correlate with many psychiatric disorders. However, there is limited research regarding resting electroencephalogram (EEG) brain network and its association with cognitive process for patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). This study aimed at using EEG microstate analysis to determine whether brain network dynamics in patients with MUD differ from those of healthy controls (HC). METHODS A total of 55 MUD patients and 27 matched healthy controls were included for analysis. The resting brain activity was recorded by 64-channel electroencephalography. EEG microstate parameters and intracerebral current sources of each EEG microstate were compared between the two groups. Generalized linear regression model was used to explore the correlation between significant microstates with drug history and cognitive functions. RESULTS MUD patients showed lower mean durations of the microstate classes A and B, and a higher global explained variance of the microstate class C. Besides, MUD patients presented with different current density power in microstates A, B, and C relative to the HC. The generalized linear model showed that MA use frequency is negatively correlated with the MMD of class A. Further, the generalized linear model showed that MA use frequency, scores of Two-back task, and the error rate of MA word are correlated with the MMD and GEV of class B, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Intracranial current source densities of resting EEG microstates are disrupted in MUD patients, hence causing temporal changes in microstate topographies, which are correlated with attention bias and history of drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhen Chen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Hang Su
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Na Zhong
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Haoye Tan
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Yiran Meng
- Yunnan Institute on Drug Dependence, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Chunmei Duan
- Yunnan Institute on Drug Dependence, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Congbin Zhang
- Yunnan Institute on Drug Dependence, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Juwang Bao
- grid.28703.3e0000 0000 9040 3743Institute of Higher Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ding Xu
- Shanghai Bureau of Drug Rehabilitation Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Song
- Shanghai Bureau of Drug Rehabilitation Administration, Shanghai, China
| | - Jixue Zou
- Department of Health, Yunnan Bureau of Drug Rehabilitation Administration, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Tao Liu
- Yunnan Third Compulsory Drug Dependence Rehablitation Center Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Qingqing Zhan
- Yunnan Third Compulsory Drug Dependence Rehablitation Center Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Zhao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.415630.50000 0004 1782 6212Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Makovac E, Fagioli S, Rae CL, Critchley HD, Ottaviani C. Can't get it off my brain: Meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies on perseverative cognition. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 295:111020. [PMID: 31790922 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.111020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Perseverative cognition (i.e. rumination and worry) describes intrusive, uncontrollable, repetitive thoughts. These negative affective experiences are accompanied by physiological arousal, as if the individual were facing an external stressor. Perseverative cognition is a transdiagnostic symptom, yet studies of neural mechanisms are largely restricted to specific clinical populations (e.g. patients with major depression). The present study applied activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses to 43 functional neuroimaging studies of perseverative cognition to elucidate the neurobiological substrates across individuals with and without psychopathological conditions. Task-related and resting state functional connectivity studies were examined in separate meta-analyses. Across task-based studies, perseverative cognition engaged medial frontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, insula, and posterior cingulate cortex. Resting state functional connectivity studies similarly implicated posterior cingulate cortex together with thalamus and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), yet the involvement of ACC distinguished between perseverative cognition in healthy controls (HC) and clinical groups. Perseverative cognition is accompanied by the engagement of prefrontal, insula and cingulate regions, whose interaction may support the characteristic conjunction of self-referential and affective processing with (aberrant) cognitive control and embodied (autonomic) arousal. Within this context, ACC engagement appears critical for the pathological expression of rumination and worry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Makovac
- Centre for Neuroimaging Science, Kings College London, London, UK.
| | - Sabrina Fagioli
- Department of Education, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy; Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Charlotte L Rae
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK; Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Hugo D Critchley
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School (BSMS), University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Cristina Ottaviani
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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20
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Chen Y, Ou Y, Lv D, Yang R, Li S, Jia C, Wang Y, Meng X, Cui H, Li C, Sun Z, Wang X, Guo W, Li P. Altered network homogeneity of the default-mode network in drug-naive obsessive-compulsive disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 93:77-83. [PMID: 30905622 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Default-mode network (DMN) plays a key role in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the network homogeneity (NH) of DMN in OCD remains equivocal. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate abnormalities in the NH of the DMN at rest and the correlation between the NH of DMN and clinical variables in patients with OCD. METHODS This study used the independent component analysis and unbiased hypothesis-driven NH method to analyze the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 40 drug-naive patients with OCD and 40 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs). RESULTS Patients with OCD exhibited decreased NH values in the left ventral medial prefrontal cortex and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus (PCu) compared with HCs. Furthermore, analyses of receiver operating characteristic curves indicated that the decreased NH values in the right PCC/PCu may be used as a candidate neuroimaging marker to distinguish patients with OCD from HCs. CONCLUSION These findings contribute new evidence of the participation of the altered NH of the DMN in the pathophysiology of OCD. TRIAL REGISTRATION Study on the mechanism of brain network in obsessive-compulsive disorder with multi-model magnetic resonance imaging (ChiCTR-COC-17013301).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | - Yangpan Ou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | - Ru Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Sufang Li
- Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cuicui Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hongsheng Cui
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chengchong Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | - Zhenghai Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China..
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China..
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21
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Li K, Zhang H, Yang Y, Zhu J, Wang B, Shi Y, Li X, Meng Z, Lv L, Zhang H. Abnormal functional network of the thalamic subregions in adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behav Brain Res 2019; 371:111982. [PMID: 31141727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The thalamus plays an important role in pathological mechanisms underlying obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). As the thalamus is a heterogeneous brain region, functional connectivity (FC) between thalamic subregions and other brain regions is worth investigating in OCD. In addition, the relationship between abnormal FC and clinical symptoms is still unclear. In this study, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to scan 45 OCD patients and 43 well-matched healthy controls (HCs). Thalamic subregions were defined according to the Human Brainnetome Atlas. The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) and FC seeding-based connectivity were compared using a two-sample t-test. Correlations between abnormal FC and clinical symptoms were analyzed in OCD patients. Compared with HCs, increased fALFF was found in the bilateral thalamus, and increased FC was observed between the right posterior parietal thalamus (PPtha) and left middle occipital gyrus (LMOG) and between the right occipital thalamus (Otha) and right middle occipital gyrus (RMOG) in OCD patients. In addition, OCD patients had reduced FC between the left sensory thalamus (Stha) and left orbital inferior frontal gyrus, right PPtha and left prefrontal cortex, and between the right Otha and left inferior parietal gyrus (LIPG), respectively. Within the OCD group, the FC between right PPtha-LMOG was correlated with severity of clinical symptoms. These results revealed that the FC between the thalamus and occipital lobe is related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms in OCD patients. This finding provides more accurate information about the involvement of the thalamus in the pathophysiology of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
| | - Haisan Zhang
- Radiology department, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
| | - Jianli Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Bi Wang
- Radiology department, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
| | - Yanli Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China
| | - Xianrui Li
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Zhang Meng
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Luxian Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China.
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453002, China; Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, 453003, China.
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22
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Bu X, Hu X, Zhang L, Li B, Zhou M, Lu L, Hu X, Li H, Yang Y, Tang W, Gong Q, Huang X. Investigating the predictive value of different resting-state functional MRI parameters in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:17. [PMID: 30655506 PMCID: PMC6336781 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0362-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have facilitated our understanding of OCD pathophysiology based on its intrinsic activity. However, whether the group difference derived from univariate analysis could be useful for informing the diagnosis of individual OCD patients remains unclear. We aimed to apply multivariate pattern analysis of different rs-fMRI parameters to distinguish drug-naive patients with OCD from healthy control subjects (HCS). Fifty-four drug-naive OCD patients and 54 well-matched HCS were recruited. Four different rs-fMRI parameter maps, including the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity strength (FCS), were calculated. Training of a support vector machine (SVM) classifier using rs-fMRI maps produced voxelwise discrimination maps. Overall, the classification accuracies were acceptable for the four rs-fMRI parameters. Excellent performance was achieved when ALFF maps were employed (accuracy, 95.37%, p < 0.01), good performance was achieved by using ReHo maps, weaker performance was achieved by using fALFF maps, and fair performance was achieved by using FCS maps. The brain regions showing the greatest discriminative power included the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, precentral gyrus, and occipital lobes. The application of SVM to rs-fMRI features may provide potential power for OCD classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Bu
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Lianqing Zhang
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Bin Li
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fMental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Ming Zhou
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Lu Lu
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Hailong Li
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Yanchun Yang
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fMental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Wanjie Tang
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fMental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- 0000 0004 1770 1022grid.412901.fHuaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 China
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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23
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Betka S, Harris L, Rae C, Palfi B, Pfeifer G, Sequeira H, Duka T, Critchley H. Signatures of alcohol use in the structure and neurochemistry of insular cortex: a correlational study. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2579-2591. [PMID: 31011757 PMCID: PMC6695346 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Insular cortex supports the representation of motivational feelings through the integration of interoceptive information concerning bodily physiology. Compromised insular integrity is implicated in alcohol and drug use disorders. Alcohol-associated insular dysfunction may arise through aberrant glutamatergic neurotransmission associated with selective neuronal death and atrophy. OBJECTIVE In a sample of alcohol users, we combined magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with voxel and surface-based morphometry (VBM, SBM) to test the hypothesis that the neurochemical and structural properties of the insula relate to alcohol use. METHODS Twenty-three healthy individuals were characterized by measures of alcohol use and subjective craving. Right mid-insula glutamate/glutamine (Glx) and total N-acetylaspartate/N-acetyl-aspartylglutamate (TNAA) concentrations were measured using MRS. Right insular structure was quantified using VBM and SBM parameters. We tested for predictive associations between these neuroimaging and behavioral/psychometric measures using Bayesian statistics. RESULTS Reduced insular Glx concentration was associated with increased alcohol compulsions and, to a lesser extent, with greater alcohol use severity. Anecdotal evidence for a negative relationship between alcohol use severity and levels of insular gyrification was also observed. CONCLUSIONS This study is, to date, the first characterization of the neurochemical and morphological integrity of insular cortex in alcohol users. Our data seem to reveal a negative relationship between alcohol use and the neurochemical and structural integrity of the insula, a critical substrate for motivational behavior. These neurobiological characteristics might contribute to loss of control toward compulsive drinking with prolonged and excessive alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Betka
- Trafford Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Clinical Imaging Science Centre, Brighton, BN1 9RY, UK.
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, UK.
- University of Lille, SCALab, CNRS UMR 9193, 59045, Lille, France.
| | - Lisa Harris
- Radiological Science, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Charlotte Rae
- Trafford Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Clinical Imaging Science Centre, Brighton, BN1 9RY, UK
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Bence Palfi
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Gaby Pfeifer
- Trafford Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Clinical Imaging Science Centre, Brighton, BN1 9RY, UK
| | | | - Theodora Duka
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, UK
- Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre (SARIC), University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Hugo Critchley
- Trafford Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Clinical Imaging Science Centre, Brighton, BN1 9RY, UK
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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24
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Brennan BP, Wang D, Li M, Perriello C, Ren J, Elias JA, Van Kirk NP, Krompinger JW, Pope HG, Haber SN, Rauch SL, Baker JT, Liu H. Use of an Individual-Level Approach to Identify Cortical Connectivity Biomarkers in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2018; 4:27-38. [PMID: 30262337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing functional connectivity studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) support a model of circuit dysfunction. However, these group-level observations have failed to yield neuroimaging biomarkers sufficient to serve as a test for the OCD diagnosis, predict current or future symptoms, or predict treatment response, perhaps because these studies failed to account for the substantial intersubject variability in structural and functional brain organization. METHODS We used functional regions, localized in each of 41 individual OCD patients, to identify cortical connectivity biomarkers of both global and dimension-specific symptom severity and to detect functional connections that track changes in symptom severity following intensive residential treatment. RESULTS Global OCD symptom severity was directly linked to dysconnectivity between large-scale intrinsic brain networks-particularly among the dorsal attention, default, and frontoparietal networks. Changes within a subset of connections among these networks were associated with symptom resolution. Additionally, distinct and nonoverlapping cortical connectivity biomarkers were identified that were significantly associated with the severity of contamination/washing and responsibility for harm/checking symptoms, highlighting the contribution of dissociable neural networks to specific OCD symptom dimensions. By contrast, when we defined functional regions conventionally, using a population-level brain atlas, we could no longer identify connectivity biomarkers of severity or improvement for any of the symptom dimensions. CONCLUSIONS Our findings would seem to encourage the use of individual-level approaches to connectivity analyses to better delineate the cortical and subcortical networks underlying symptom severity and improvement at the dimensional level in OCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Brennan
- Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Institute, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Danhong Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meiling Li
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu
| | - Chris Perriello
- Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts
| | - Jianxun Ren
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jason A Elias
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Institute, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nathaniel P Van Kirk
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Institute, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jason W Krompinger
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Institute, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Harrison G Pope
- Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Suzanne N Haber
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott L Rauch
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Justin T Baker
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hesheng Liu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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25
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Open monitoring meditation reduces the involvement of brain regions related to memory function. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9968. [PMID: 29967435 PMCID: PMC6028418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness meditation consists of focused attention meditation (FAM) and open monitoring meditation (OMM), both of which reduce activation of the default mode network (DMN) and mind-wandering. Although it is known that FAM requires intentional focused attention, the mechanisms of OMM remain largely unknown. To investigate this, we examined striatal functional connectivity in 17 experienced meditators (mean total practice hours = 920.6) during pre-resting, meditation, and post-resting states comparing OMM with FAM, using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Both FAM and OMM reduced functional connectivity between the striatum and posterior cingulate cortex, which is a core hub region of the DMN. Furthermore, OMM reduced functional connectivity of the ventral striatum with both the visual cortex related to intentional focused attention in the attentional network and retrosplenial cortex related to memory function in the DMN. In contrast, FAM increased functional connectivity in these regions. Our findings suggest that OMM reduces intentional focused attention and increases detachment from autobiographical memory. This detachment may play an important role in non-judgmental and non-reactive attitude during OMM. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the contribution of OMM to well-being and happiness.
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Betka S, Gould Van Praag C, Paloyelis Y, Bond R, Pfeifer G, Sequeira H, Duka T, Critchley H. Impact of intranasal oxytocin on interoceptive accuracy in alcohol users: an attentional mechanism? Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2018; 13:440-448. [PMID: 29618101 PMCID: PMC5928407 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsy027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interoception, i.e. the perception and appraisal of internal bodily signals, is related to the phenomenon of craving, and is reportedly disrupted in alcohol use disorders. The hormone oxytocin influences afferent transmission of bodily signals and, through its potential modulation of craving, is proposed as a possible treatment for alcohol use disorders. However, oxytocin's impact on interoception in alcohol users remains unknown. Healthy alcohol users (n = 32) attended two laboratory sessions to perform tests of interoceptive ability (heartbeat tracking: attending to internal signals and, heartbeat discrimination: integrating internal and external signals) after intranasal administration of oxytocin or placebo. Effects of interoceptive accuracy, oxytocin administration and alcohol intake, were tested using mixed-effects models. On the tracking task, oxytocin reduced interoceptive accuracy, but did not interact with alcohol consumption. On the discrimination task, we found an interaction between oxytocin administration and alcohol intake: Oxytocin, compared with placebo, increased interoceptive accuracy in heavy drinkers, but not in light social drinkers. Our study does not suggest a pure interoceptive impairment in alcohol users but instead potentially highlights reduced flexibility of internal and external attentional resource allocation. Importantly, this impairment seems to be mitigated by oxytocin. This attentional hypothesis needs to be explicitly tested in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Betka
- Clinical Imaging Science Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK
- Psychology Department, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RR, UK
- SCALab, CNRS UMR 9193, University of Lille, Lille 59045, France
| | | | - Yannis Paloyelis
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Rod Bond
- Psychology Department, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RR, UK
| | - Gaby Pfeifer
- Clinical Imaging Science Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK
| | | | - Theodora Duka
- Psychology Department, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RR, UK
- Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre (SARIC), University of Sussex, BN1 9RR, UK
| | - Hugo Critchley
- Clinical Imaging Science Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, BN1 9QJ, UK
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Vu JT, Agtarap GR, Wong M. Commentary: Switching between internally and externally focused attention in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Abnormal visual cortex activation and connectivity. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1827. [PMID: 29085322 PMCID: PMC5650603 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Norman LJ, Carlisi CO, Christakou A, Cubillo A, Murphy CM, Chantiluke K, Simmons A, Giampietro V, Brammer M, Mataix-Cols D, Rubia K. Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder. Neuroimage Clin 2017; 15:181-193. [PMID: 28529874 PMCID: PMC5429245 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obsessive/compulsive disorder (OCD) share problems with sustained attention, and are proposed to share deficits in switching between default mode and task positive networks. The aim of this study was to investigate shared and disorder-specific brain activation abnormalities during sustained attention in the two disorders. Twenty boys with ADHD, 20 boys with OCD and 20 age-matched healthy controls aged between 12 and 18 years completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) version of a parametrically modulated sustained attention task with a progressively increasing sustained attention load. Performance and brain activation were compared between groups. Only ADHD patients were impaired in performance. Group by sustained attention load interaction effects showed that OCD patients had disorder-specific middle anterior cingulate underactivation relative to controls and ADHD patients, while ADHD patients showed disorder-specific underactivation in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex/dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). ADHD and OCD patients shared left insula/ventral IFG underactivation and increased activation in posterior default mode network relative to controls, but had disorder-specific overactivation in anterior default mode regions, in dorsal anterior cingulate for ADHD and in anterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex for OCD. In sum, ADHD and OCD patients showed mostly disorder-specific patterns of brain abnormalities in both task positive salience/ventral attention networks with lateral frontal deficits in ADHD and middle ACC deficits in OCD, as well as in their deactivation patterns in medial frontal DMN regions. The findings suggest that attention performance in the two disorders is underpinned by disorder-specific activation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Norman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Christina O Carlisi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Anastasia Christakou
- Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, UK
| | - Ana Cubillo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Clodagh M Murphy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Kaylita Chantiluke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Andrew Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) for Mental Health at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Michael Brammer
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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