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Domany Y, Levy A, Cassan SM, Tarrasch R, Lifshitz T, Schreiber S, Shamir EZ. Clinical utility of biomarkers of the hand in the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2018; 260:105-110. [PMID: 29179014 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A number of biomarkers were assessed in photos and prints of the hands of 95 patients with a variety of mental disorders to determine whether patients with schizophrenia could be distinguished from the others. Patients were recruited as consecutive admissions from an outpatient psychiatric day hospital population. Fourteen patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder and 81 were diagnosed with other mental disorders. A discriminant analysis yielded an overall 80% correct classification, with a sensitivity (schizophrenia patients identified correctly) of 78.6% and a specificity (non-schizophrenia patients identified correctly) of 80.2%. Significant differences were noted in the proximal interphalangeal joint, eponychium of the middle digit and fingernails. To determine biomarker frequency distribution patients with bipolar disorder were then compared to those with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder and then to patients with PTSD. The former yielded an overall 78.6% correct classification, with a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 85.7% and with similar biomarker frequency distribution for bipolar disorder as for the entire non schizophrenia group. The latter comparison yielded an overall 58.6% correct classification, with no significant differences between the features. The application of these biomarkers in clinical practice could constitute an additional tool for the psychiatrist in cases lacking diagnostic clarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Domany
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Levy
- Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Psychiatric Day Hospital, Bat-Yam, Israel.
| | | | - Ricardo Tarrasch
- School of Education, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tova Lifshitz
- Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Psychiatric Day Hospital, Bat-Yam, Israel
| | - Shaul Schreiber
- Department of Psychiatry, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Zvi Shamir
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Psychiatric Day Hospital, Bat-Yam, Israel
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Kalmady SV, Shivakumar V, Gautham S, Arasappa R, Jose DA, Venkatasubramanian G, Gangadhar BN. Dermatoglyphic correlates of hippocampus volume: Evaluation of aberrant neurodevelopmental markers in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2015; 234:113-20. [PMID: 26385539 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a disorder of aberrant neurodevelopment is marked by abnormalities in brain structure and dermatoglyphic traits. However, the link between these two (i.e. dermatoglyphic parameters and brain structure) which share ectodermal origin and common developmental window has not been explored extensively. The current study examined dermatoglyphic correlates of hippocampal volume in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients in comparison with matched healthy controls. Ridge counts and asymmetry measures for palmar inter-digital areas (a-b, b-c, c-d) were obtained using high resolution digital scans of palms from 89 schizophrenia patients [M:F=48:41] and 48 healthy controls [M:F=30:18]. Brain scans were obtained for subset of subjects including 26 antipsychotic-naïve patients [M:F=13:13] and 29 healthy controls [M:F=19:10] using 3 T-MRI. Hippocampal volume and palmar ridge counts were measured by blinded raters with good inter-rater reliability using valid methods. Directional asymmetry (DA) of b-c and bilateral hippocampal volume were significantly lower in patients than controls. Significant positive correlation was found between DA and ridge count of b-c with bilateral anterior hippocampal volume. Study demonstrates the utility of dermatoglyphic markers in identifying structural changes in the brain which may form the basis for neurodevelopmental pathogenesis in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil V Kalmady
- InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - S Gautham
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Rashmi Arasappa
- InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Dania A Jose
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India.
| | - B N Gangadhar
- InSTAR Program, Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
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Zvi Shamir E, Levy A, Morris Cassan S, Lifshitz T, Shefler G, Tarrasch R. Do biometric parameters of the hand differentiate schizophrenia from other psychiatric disorders? A comparative evaluation using three mental health modules. Psychiatry Res 2015; 228:425-30. [PMID: 26160199 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The link between schizophrenia and anomalies in the distal upper limb is well documented. Preliminary studies have identified a number of biometric parameters of the hand by which schizophrenics can be distinguished from matched controls. The current study seeks to determine whether patients with schizophrenia can be singled out from a disparate group of other mental disorders by using the same parameters. We studied three groups, totaling 134 men: 51 diagnosed with schizophrenia, 29 with anxiety and mood disorders, and 54 comprising a control group. Seven parameters were studied: the proximal interphalangeal joint, the eponychia of the middle and ring digits, two dermatoglyphic features, and two constitutional factors. Examiners evaluated the parameters based on photographs and prints. An initial Mann Whitney comparison showed no significant difference between the control group and those identified with anxiety and mood disorders. We therefore accounted for them as a single group. In a discriminant analysis, an overall accuracy of 78.4% was established with a sensitivity of 80.4% (schizophrenics identified correctly) and a specificity of 77.1% (controls identified correctly). These results suggest that the biometric parameters employed may be useful in identifying patients with schizophrenia from a disparate group of other mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Zvi Shamir
- Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Psychiatric Day Hospital, 15 KKL st., Bat-Yam, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Levy
- Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Psychiatric Day Hospital, 15 KKL st., Bat-Yam, Israel; Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | | | - Tova Lifshitz
- Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Psychiatric Day Hospital, 15 KKL st., Bat-Yam, Israel
| | - Gaby Shefler
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Herzog Hospital, Givat Shaul, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ricardo Tarrasch
- School of Education and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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