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Yang Y, Guan W, Sheng XM, Gu HJ. Role of Semaphorin 3A in common psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116358. [PMID: 38857830 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
With societal development and an ageing population, psychiatric disorders have become a common cause of severe and long-term disability and socioeconomic burdens worldwide. Semaphorin 3A (Sema-3A) is a secreted glycoprotein belonging to the semaphorin family. Sema-3A is well known as an axon guidance factor in the neuronal system and a potent immunoregulator at all stages of the immune response. It is reported to have various biological functions and is involved in many human diseases, including autoimmune diseases, angiocardiopathy, osteoporosis, and tumorigenesis. The signals of sema-3A involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions, are transduced through its cognate receptors and diverse downstream signalling pathways. An increasing number of studies show that sema-3A plays important roles in synaptic and dendritic development, which are closely associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, depression, and autism, suggesting the involvement of sema-3A in the pathogenesis of mental diseases. This indicates that mutations in sema-3A and alterations in its receptors and signalling may compromise neurodevelopment and predispose patients to these disorders. However, the role of sema-3A in psychiatric disorders, particularly in regulating neurodevelopment, remains elusive. In this review, we summarise the recent progress in understanding sema-3A in the pathogenesis of mental diseases and highlight sema-3A as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University/Nantong Tumor Hospital, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Nantong University, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Sheng
- Department of Trauma Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Hai-Juan Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University/Nantong Tumor Hospital, China.
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2
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Primak A, Bozov K, Rubina K, Dzhauari S, Neyfeld E, Illarionova M, Semina E, Sheleg D, Tkachuk V, Karagyaur M. Morphogenetic theory of mental and cognitive disorders: the role of neurotrophic and guidance molecules. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1361764. [PMID: 38646100 PMCID: PMC11027769 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1361764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental illness and cognitive disorders represent a serious problem for the modern society. Many studies indicate that mental disorders are polygenic and that impaired brain development may lay the ground for their manifestation. Neural tissue development is a complex and multistage process that involves a large number of distant and contact molecules. In this review, we have considered the key steps of brain morphogenesis, and the major molecule families involved in these process. The review provides many indications of the important contribution of the brain development process and correct functioning of certain genes to human mental health. To our knowledge, this comprehensive review is one of the first in this field. We suppose that this review may be useful to novice researchers and clinicians wishing to navigate the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Primak
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Bozov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kseniya Rubina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stalik Dzhauari
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Neyfeld
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Higher Education “A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Illarionova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Semina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Sheleg
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Higher Education “A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Karagyaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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3
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Akkouh IA, Ueland T, Szabo A, Hughes T, Smeland OB, Andreassen OA, Osete JR, Djurovic S. Longitudinal Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Cortical Spheroids Identifies Axonal Dysregulation in the Prenatal Brain as a Mediator of Genetic Risk for Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:687-698. [PMID: 37661009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) has a known neurodevelopmental etiology, but limited access to human prenatal brain tissue hampers the investigation of basic disease mechanisms in early brain development. Here, we elucidate the molecular mechanisms contributing to SCZ risk in a disease-relevant model of the prenatal human brain. METHODS We generated induced pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids, termed human cortical spheroids (hCSs), from a large, genetically stratified sample of 14 SCZ cases and 14 age- and sex-matched controls. The hCSs were differentiated for 150 days, and comprehensive molecular characterization across 4 time points was carried out. RESULTS The transcriptional and cellular architecture of hCSs closely resembled that of fetal brain tissue at 10 to 24 postconception weeks, showing strongest spatial overlap with frontal regions of the cerebral cortex. A total of 3520 genes were differentially modulated between SCZ and control hCSs across organoid maturation, displaying a significant contribution of genetic loading, an overrepresentation of risk genes for autism spectrum disorder and SCZ, and the strongest enrichment for axonal processes in all hCS stages. The two axon guidance genes SEMA7A and SEMA5A, the first a promoter of synaptic functions and the second a repressor, were downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in SCZ hCSs. This expression pattern was confirmed at the protein level and replicated in a large postmortem sample. CONCLUSIONS Applying a disease-relevant model of the developing fetal brain, we identified consistent dysregulation of axonal genes as an early risk factor for SCZ, providing novel insights into the effects of genetic predisposition on the neurodevelopmental origins of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A Akkouh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Attila Szabo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Timothy Hughes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jordi Requena Osete
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Carceller H, Gramuntell Y, Klimczak P, Nacher J. Perineuronal Nets: Subtle Structures with Large Implications. Neuroscientist 2023; 29:569-590. [PMID: 35872660 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221106346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialized structures of the extracellular matrix that surround the soma and proximal dendrites of certain neurons in the central nervous system, particularly parvalbumin-expressing interneurons. Their appearance overlaps the maturation of neuronal circuits and the closure of critical periods in different regions of the brain, setting their connectivity and abruptly reducing their plasticity. As a consequence, the digestion of PNNs, as well as the removal or manipulation of their components, leads to a boost in this plasticity and can play a key role in the functional recovery from different insults and in the etiopathology of certain neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Here we review the structure, composition, and distribution of PNNs and their variation throughout the evolutive scale. We also discuss methodological approaches to study these structures. The function of PNNs during neurodevelopment and adulthood is discussed, as well as the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on these specialized regions of the extracellular matrix. Finally, we review current data on alterations in PNNs described in diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), focusing on psychiatric disorders. Together, all the data available point to the PNNs as a promising target to understand the physiology and pathologic conditions of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Carceller
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Imaging Unit FISABIO-CIPF, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yaiza Gramuntell
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Patrycja Klimczak
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Nacher
- Neurobiology Unit, Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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5
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Duan J, Gong X, Womer FY, Sun K, Tang L, Liu J, Zheng J, Zhu Y, Tang Y, Zhang X, Wang F. Neurodevelopmental trajectories, polygenic risk, and lipometabolism in vulnerability and resilience to schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:153. [PMID: 36894907 PMCID: PMC9999573 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SZ) arises from a complex interplay involving genetic and molecular factors. Early intervention of SZ hinges upon understanding its vulnerability and resiliency factors in study of SZ and genetic high risk for SZ (GHR). METHODS Herein, using integrative and multimodal strategies, we first performed a longitudinal study of neural function as measured by amplitude of low frequency function (ALFF) in 21 SZ, 26 GHR, and 39 healthy controls to characterize neurodevelopmental trajectories of SZ and GHR. Then, we examined the relationship between polygenic risk score for SZ (SZ-PRS), lipid metabolism, and ALFF in 78 SZ, and 75 GHR in cross-sectional design to understand its genetic and molecular substrates. RESULTS Across time, SZ and GHR diverge in ALFF alterations of the left medial orbital frontal cortex (MOF). At baseline, both SZ and GHR had increased left MOF ALFF compared to HC (P < 0.05). At follow-up, increased ALFF persisted in SZ, yet normalized in GHR. Further, membrane genes and lipid species for cell membranes predicted left MOF ALFF in SZ; whereas in GHR, fatty acids best predicted and were negatively correlated (r = -0.302, P < 0.05) with left MOF. CONCLUSIONS Our findings implicate divergence in ALFF alteration in left MOF between SZ and GHR with disease progression, reflecting vulnerability and resiliency to SZ. They also indicate different influences of membrane genes and lipid metabolism on left MOF ALFF in SZ and GHR, which have important implications for understanding mechanisms underlying vulnerability and resiliency in SZ and contribute to translational efforts for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Duan
- Department of Psychiatry. Early Intervention Unit, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China.,Department of Psychiatry and Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fay Y Womer
- Dept of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kaijin Sun
- Department of Psychiatry. Early Intervention Unit, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lili Tang
- Department of Psychiatry. Early Intervention Unit, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China.,Department of Psychiatry and Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry. Early Intervention Unit, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China.,Department of Psychiatry and Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Junjie Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry. Early Intervention Unit, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry. Early Intervention Unit, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China.,Department of Psychiatry and Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Xizhe Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry. Early Intervention Unit, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China. .,Department of Psychiatry and Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, PR China.
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6
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Xu F, Wu H, Xie L, Chen Q, Xu Q, Sun L, Li H, Xie J, Chen X. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate alleviates gestational stress-induced postpartum anxiety and depression-like behaviors in mice by downregulating semaphorin3A and promoting GSK3β phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1109458. [PMID: 36776771 PMCID: PMC9909483 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1109458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by depression and comorbid anxiety during the postpartum period. PPD is difficult to treat because of its elusive mechanisms. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a component of tea polyphenols, is reported to exert neuroprotective effects in emotional disorders by reducing inflammation and apoptosis. However, the effect of EGCG on PPD and the underlying mechanism are unknown. Methods We used a mouse model of PPD established by exposing pregnant mice to gestational stress. Open field, forced swimming and tail suspension tests were performed to investigate the anxiety and depression-like behaviors. Immunohistochemical staining was used to measure the c-fos positive cells. The transcriptional levels of hippocampal semaphorin3A(sema3A), (glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta)GSK3β and collapsin response mediator protein 2(CRMP2) were assessed by RT-PCR. Alterations in protein expression of Sema3A, GSK3β, p-GSK3β, CRMP2 and p-CRMP2 were quantified by western blotting. EGCG was administrated to analyze its effect on PPD mice. Results Gestational stress induced anxiety and depression-like behaviors during the postpartum period, increasing Sema3A expression while decreasing that of phosphorylated GSK3β as well as c-Fos in the hippocampus. These effects were reversed by systemic administration of EGCG. Conclusions Thus, EGCG may alleviate anxiety and depression-like behaviors in mice by downregulating Sema3A and increasing GSK3β phosphorylation in the hippocampus, and has potential application in the treatment of PPD.
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7
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Spatially resolved gene regulatory and disease-related vulnerability map of the adult Macaque cortex. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6747. [PMID: 36347848 PMCID: PMC9643508 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Single cell approaches have increased our knowledge about the cell type composition of the non-human primate (NHP), but a detailed characterization of area-specific regulatory features remains outstanding. We generated single-cell transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility (single-cell ATAC) data of 358,237 cells from prefrontal cortex (PFC), primary motor cortex (M1) and primary visual cortex (V1) of adult female cynomolgus monkey brain, and integrated this dataset with Stereo-seq (spatial enhanced resolution omics-sequencing) of the corresponding cortical areas to assign topographic information to molecular states. We identified area-specific chromatin accessible sites and their targeted genes, including the cell type-specific transcriptional regulatory network associated with excitatory neurons heterogeneity. We reveal calcium ion transport and axon guidance genes related to specialized functions of PFC and M1, identified the similarities and differences between adult macaque and human oligodendrocyte trajectories, and mapped the genetic variants and gene perturbations of human diseases to NHP cortical cells. This resource establishes a transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility combinatory regulatory landscape at a single-cell and spatially resolved resolution in NHP cortex.
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8
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Ferretti G, Romano A, Sirabella R, Serafini S, Maier TJ, Matrone C. An increase in Semaphorin 3A biases the axonal direction and induces an aberrant dendritic arborization in an in vitro model of human neural progenitor differentiation. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:182. [DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00916-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Semaphorins (Sema) belong to a large family of repellent guidance cues instrumental in guiding axons during development. In particular, Class 3 Sema (Sema 3) is among the best characterized Sema family members and the only produced as secreted proteins in mammals, thereby exerting both autocrine and paracrine functions. Intriguingly, an increasing number of studies supports the crucial role of the Sema 3A in hippocampal and cortical neurodevelopment. This means that alterations in Sema 3A signaling might compromise hippocampal and cortical circuits and predispose to disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. Consistently, increased Sema 3A levels have been detected in brain of patients with schizophrenia and many polymorphisms in Sema 3A or in the Sema 3A receptors, Neuropilins (Npn 1 and 2) and Plexin As (Plxn As), have been associated to autism.
Results
Here we present data indicating that when overexpressed, Sema 3A causes human neural progenitors (NP) axonal retraction and an aberrant dendritic arborization. Similarly, Sema 3A, when overexpressed in human microglia, triggers proinflammatory processes that are highly detrimental to themselves as well as NP. Indeed, NP incubated in microglia overexpressing Sema 3A media retract axons within an hour and then start suffering and finally die. Sema 3A mediated retraction appears to be related to its binding to Npn 1 and Plxn A2 receptors, thus activating the downstream Fyn tyrosine kinase pathway that promotes the threonine-serine kinase cyclin-dependent kinase 5, CDK5, phosphorylation at the Tyr15 residue and the CDK5 processing to generate the active fragment p35.
Conclusions
All together this study identifies Sema 3A as a critical regulator of human NP differentiation. This may imply that an insult due to Sema 3A overexpression during the early phases of neuronal development might compromise neuronal organization and connectivity and make neurons perhaps more vulnerable to other insults across their lifespan.
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9
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Jahan MS, Tsuzuki T, Ito T, Bhuiyan MER, Takahashi I, Takamatsu H, Kumanogoh A, Negishi T, Yukawa K. PlexinA1-deficient mice exhibit decreased cell density and augmented oxidative stress in parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 13:500-512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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10
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Casas BS, Arancibia-Altamirano D, Acevedo-La Rosa F, Garrido-Jara D, Maksaev V, Pérez-Monje D, Palma V. It takes two to tango: Widening our understanding of the onset of schizophrenia from a neuro-angiogenic perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:946706. [PMID: 36092733 PMCID: PMC9448889 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.946706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic debilitating mental disorder characterized by perturbations in thinking, perception, and behavior, along with brain connectivity deficiencies, neurotransmitter dysfunctions, and loss of gray brain matter. To date, schizophrenia has no cure and pharmacological treatments are only partially efficacious, with about 30% of patients describing little to no improvement after treatment. As in most neurological disorders, the main descriptions of schizophrenia physiopathology have been focused on neural network deficiencies. However, to sustain proper neural activity in the brain, another, no less important network is operating: the vast, complex and fascinating vascular network. Increasing research has characterized schizophrenia as a systemic disease where vascular involvement is important. Several neuro-angiogenic pathway disturbances have been related to schizophrenia. Alterations, ranging from genetic polymorphisms, mRNA, and protein alterations to microRNA and abnormal metabolite processing, have been evaluated in plasma, post-mortem brain, animal models, and patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models. During embryonic brain development, the coordinated formation of blood vessels parallels neuro/gliogenesis and results in the structuration of the neurovascular niche, which brings together physical and molecular signals from both systems conforming to the Blood-Brain barrier. In this review, we offer an upfront perspective on distinctive angiogenic and neurogenic signaling pathways that might be involved in the biological causality of schizophrenia. We analyze the role of pivotal angiogenic-related pathways such as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and HIF signaling related to hypoxia and oxidative stress events; classic developmental pathways such as the NOTCH pathway, metabolic pathways such as the mTOR/AKT cascade; emerging neuroinflammation, and neurodegenerative processes such as UPR, and also discuss non-canonic angiogenic/axonal guidance factor signaling. Considering that all of the mentioned above pathways converge at the Blood-Brain barrier, reported neurovascular alterations could have deleterious repercussions on overall brain functioning in schizophrenia.
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11
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Shao X, Liao Y, Gu L, Chen W, Tang J. The Etiology of Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia: From Multidimensional Levels. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:755870. [PMID: 34858129 PMCID: PMC8632545 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.755870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enormous efforts have been made to unveil the etiology of auditory hallucinations (AHs), and multiple genetic and neural factors have already been shown to have their own roles. Previous studies have shown that AHs in schizophrenia vary from those in other disorders, suggesting that they have unique features and possibly distinguishable mechanisms worthy of further investigation. In this review, we intend to offer a comprehensive summary of current findings related to AHs in schizophrenia from aspects of genetics and transcriptome, neurophysiology (neurometabolic and electroencephalogram studies), and neuroimaging (structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies and transcriptome–neuroimaging association study). Main findings include gene polymorphisms, glutamate level change, electroencephalographic alterations, and abnormalities of white matter fasciculi, cortical structure, and cerebral activities, especially in multiple regions, including auditory and language networks. More solid and comparable research is needed to replicate and integrate ongoing findings from multidimensional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Shao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Gu
- RIKEN AIP, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Png G, Barysenka A, Repetto L, Navarro P, Shen X, Pietzner M, Wheeler E, Wareham NJ, Langenberg C, Tsafantakis E, Karaleftheri M, Dedoussis G, Mälarstig A, Wilson JF, Gilly A, Zeggini E. Mapping the serum proteome to neurological diseases using whole genome sequencing. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7042. [PMID: 34857772 PMCID: PMC8640022 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing global burden of neurological disorders, there is a lack of effective diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Proteins are often dysregulated in disease and have a strong genetic component. Here, we carry out a protein quantitative trait locus analysis of 184 neurologically-relevant proteins, using whole genome sequencing data from two isolated population-based cohorts (N = 2893). In doing so, we elucidate the genetic landscape of the circulating proteome and its connection to neurological disorders. We detect 214 independently-associated variants for 107 proteins, the majority of which (76%) are cis-acting, including 114 variants that have not been previously identified. Using two-sample Mendelian randomisation, we identify causal associations between serum CD33 and Alzheimer's disease, GPNMB and Parkinson's disease, and MSR1 and schizophrenia, describing their clinical potential and highlighting drug repurposing opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Png
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. .,TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
| | - Andrei Barysenka
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Linda Repetto
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pau Navarro
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xia Shen
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Fudan University, Guangzhou, China ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maik Pietzner
- grid.5335.00000000121885934MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- grid.5335.00000000121885934MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- grid.5335.00000000121885934MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- grid.5335.00000000121885934MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.484013.aComputational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - George Dedoussis
- grid.15823.3d0000 0004 0622 2843Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anders Mälarstig
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden ,Emerging Science & Innovation, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - James F. Wilson
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Arthur Gilly
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. .,TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
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13
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Sanjuán J, Castro-Martínez XH, García-Martí G, González-Fernández J, Sanz-Requena R, Haro JM, Meana JJ, Martí-Bonmatí L, Nacher J, Sebastiá-Ortega N, Gilabert-Juan J, Moltó MD. FOXP2 expression and gray matter density in the male brains of patients with schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:1403-1411. [PMID: 32734433 PMCID: PMC8286223 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Common genetic variants of FOXP2 may contribute to schizophrenia vulnerability, but controversial results have been reported for this proposal. Here we evaluated the potential impact of the common FOXP2 rs2396753 polymorphism in schizophrenia. It was previously reported to be part of a risk haplotype for this disease and to have significant effects on gray matter concentration in the patients. We undertook the first examination into whether rs2396753 affects the brain expression of FOXP2 and a replication study of earlier neuroimaging findings of the influence of this genetic variant on brain structure. FOXP2 expression levels were measured in postmortem prefrontal cortex samples of 84 male subjects (48 patients and 36 controls) from the CIBERSAM Brain and the Stanley Foundation Array Collections. High-resolution anatomical magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 79 male subjects (61 patients, 18 controls) using optimized voxel-based morphometry. We found differences in FOXP2 expression and brain morphometry depending on the rs2396753, relating low FOXP2 mRNA levels with reduction of gray matter density. We detected an interaction between rs2396753 and the clinical groups, showing that heterozygous patients for this polymorphism have gray matter density decrease and low FOXP2 expression comparing with the heterozygous controls. This study shows the importance of independent replication of neuroimaging genetic studies of FOXP2 as a candidate gene in schizophrenia. Furthermore, our results suggest that the FOXP2 rs2396753 affects mRNA levels, thus providing new knowledge about its significance as a potential susceptibility polymorphism in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Sanjuán
- Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain.,Unit of Psychiatry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Xochitl Helga Castro-Martínez
- Department of Genetics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, INMEGEN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gracián García-Martí
- Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain.,Biomedical Engineering Unit / Radiology Department, Quirónsalud Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Sanz-Requena
- Biomedical Engineering Unit / Radiology Department, Quirónsalud Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Josep María Haro
- Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain.,Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Javier Meana
- Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Luis Martí-Bonmatí
- Biomedical Engineering Unit / Radiology Department, Quirónsalud Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Nacher
- Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Noelia Sebastiá-Ortega
- Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Genetics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Gilabert-Juan
- Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain. .,INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Genetics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Moltó
- Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health CIBERSAM, Valencia, Spain. .,INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Genetics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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14
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Modelling and Refining Neuronal Circuits with Guidance Cues: Involvement of Semaphorins. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116111. [PMID: 34204060 PMCID: PMC8201269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of neuronal circuits requires neurons to develop and maintain appropriate connections with cellular partners in and out the central nervous system. These phenomena include elaboration of dendritic arborization and formation of synaptic contacts, initially made in excess. Subsequently, refinement occurs, and pruning takes places both at axonal and synaptic level, defining a homeostatic balance maintained throughout the lifespan. All these events require genetic regulations which happens cell-autonomously and are strongly influenced by environmental factors. This review aims to discuss the involvement of guidance cues from the Semaphorin family.
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15
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Pantazopoulos H, Katsel P, Haroutunian V, Chelini G, Klengel T, Berretta S. Molecular signature of extracellular matrix pathology in schizophrenia. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3960-3987. [PMID: 33070392 PMCID: PMC8359380 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence points to a critical involvement of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Decreases of perineuronal nets (PNNs) and altered expression of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in glial cells have been identified in several brain regions. GWAS data have identified several SZ vulnerability variants of genes encoding for ECM molecules. Given the potential relevance of ECM functions to the pathophysiology of this disorder, it is necessary to understand the extent of ECM changes across brain regions, their region- and sex-specificity and which ECM components contribute to these changes. We tested the hypothesis that the expression of genes encoding for ECM molecules may be broadly disrupted in SZ across several cortical and subcortical brain regions and include key ECM components as well as factors such as ECM posttranslational modifications and regulator factors. Gene expression profiling of 14 neocortical brain regions, caudate, putamen and hippocampus from control subjects (n = 14/region) and subjects with SZ (n = 16/region) was conducted using Affymetrix microarray analysis. Analysis across brain regions revealed widespread dysregulation of ECM gene expression in cortical and subcortical brain regions in SZ, impacting several ECM functional key components. SRGN, CD44, ADAMTS1, ADAM10, BCAN, NCAN and SEMA4G showed some of the most robust changes. Region-, sex- and age-specific gene expression patterns and correlation with cognitive scores were also detected. Taken together, these findings contribute to emerging evidence for large-scale ECM dysregulation in SZ and point to molecular pathways involved in PNN decreases, glial cell dysfunction and cognitive impairment in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Pantazopoulos
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical SciencesUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Pavel Katsel
- Department of PsychiatryThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mental Illness Research Education ClinicalCenters of Excellence (MIRECC)JJ Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNYUSA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Department of PsychiatryThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mental Illness Research Education ClinicalCenters of Excellence (MIRECC)JJ Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNYUSA
| | - Gabriele Chelini
- Translational Neuroscience LaboratoryMclean HospitalBelmontMAUSA
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Torsten Klengel
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Translational Molecular Genomics LaboratoryMclean HospitalBelmontMAUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Sabina Berretta
- Translational Neuroscience LaboratoryMclean HospitalBelmontMAUSA
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Program in NeuroscienceHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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16
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Carulli D, de Winter F, Verhaagen J. Semaphorins in Adult Nervous System Plasticity and Disease. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:672891. [PMID: 34045951 PMCID: PMC8148045 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.672891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins, originally discovered as guidance cues for developing axons, are involved in many processes that shape the nervous system during development, from neuronal proliferation and migration to neuritogenesis and synapse formation. Interestingly, the expression of many Semaphorins persists after development. For instance, Semaphorin 3A is a component of perineuronal nets, the extracellular matrix structures enwrapping certain types of neurons in the adult CNS, which contribute to the closure of the critical period for plasticity. Semaphorin 3G and 4C play a crucial role in the control of adult hippocampal connectivity and memory processes, and Semaphorin 5A and 7A regulate adult neurogenesis. This evidence points to a role of Semaphorins in the regulation of adult neuronal plasticity. In this review, we address the distribution of Semaphorins in the adult nervous system and we discuss their function in physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Carulli
- Laboratory for Neuroregeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fred de Winter
- Laboratory for Neuroregeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joost Verhaagen
- Laboratory for Neuroregeneration, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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17
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Maas DA, Martens MB, Priovoulos N, Zuure WA, Homberg JR, Nait-Oumesmar B, Martens GJM. Key role for lipids in cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:399. [PMID: 33184259 PMCID: PMC7665187 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a psychiatric disorder with a convoluted etiology that includes cognitive symptoms, which arise from among others a dysfunctional dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). In our search for the molecular underpinnings of the cognitive deficits in SZ, we here performed RNA sequencing of gray matter from the dlPFC of SZ patients and controls. We found that the differentially expressed RNAs were enriched for mRNAs involved in the Liver X Receptor/Retinoid X Receptor (LXR/RXR) lipid metabolism pathway. Components of the LXR/RXR pathway were upregulated in gray matter but not in white matter of SZ dlPFC. Intriguingly, an analysis for shared genetic etiology, using two SZ genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and GWAS data for 514 metabolites, revealed genetic overlap between SZ and acylcarnitines, VLDL lipids, and fatty acid metabolites, which are all linked to the LXR/RXR signaling pathway. Furthermore, analysis of structural T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in combination with cognitive behavioral data showed that the lipid content of dlPFC gray matter is lower in SZ patients than in controls and correlates with a tendency towards reduced accuracy in the dlPFC-dependent task-switching test. We conclude that aberrations in LXR/RXR-regulated lipid metabolism lead to a decreased lipid content in SZ dlPFC that correlates with reduced cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien A. Maas
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Faculty of Science, Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute – ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France ,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Donders Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marijn B. Martens
- NeuroDrug Research Ltd, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nikos Priovoulos
- grid.458380.20000 0004 0368 8664Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Meibergdreef 75, Amsterdam-Zuidoost, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wieteke A. Zuure
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Faculty of Science, Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R. Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Donders Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Brahim Nait-Oumesmar
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute – ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Gerard J. M. Martens
- grid.5590.90000000122931605Faculty of Science, Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,NeuroDrug Research Ltd, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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18
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Jahan MS, Ito T, Ichihashi S, Masuda T, Bhuiyan MER, Takahashi I, Takamatsu H, Kumanogoh A, Tsuzuki T, Negishi T, Yukawa K. PlexinA1 deficiency in BALB/cAJ mice leads to excessive self-grooming and reduced prepulse inhibition. IBRO Rep 2020; 9:276-289. [PMID: 33163687 PMCID: PMC7607060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PlexinA1 (PlxnA1) is a transmembrane receptor for semaphorins, a large family of proteins that act as axonal guidance cues during nervous system development. However, there are limited studies on PlxnA1 function in neurobehavior. The present study examined if PlxnA1 deficiency leads to behavioral abnormalities in BALB/cAJ mice. PlxnA1 knockout (KO) mice were generated by homologous recombination and compared to wild type (WT) littermates on a comprehensive battery of behavioral tests, including open field assessment of spontaneous ambulation, state anxiety, and grooming, home cage grooming, the wire hang test of muscle strength, motor coordination on the rotarod task, working memory on the Y maze alternation task, cued and contextual fear conditioning, anxiety on the elevated plus maze, sociability to intruders, and sensory processing as measured by prepulse inhibition (PPI). Measures of motor performance, working memory, fear memory, and sociability did not differ significantly between genotypes, while PlxnA1 KO mice displayed excessive self-grooming, impaired PPI, and slightly lower anxiety. These results suggest a crucial role for PlxnA1 in the development and function of brain regions controlling self-grooming and sensory gating. PlxnA1 KO mice may be a valuable model to investigate the repetitive behaviors and information processing deficits characteristic of many neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Sharifa Jahan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuji Ito
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sachika Ichihashi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takanobu Masuda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Ikuko Takahashi
- Radioisotope Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hyota Takamatsu
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takamasa Tsuzuki
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takayuki Negishi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yukawa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
- Corresponding author.
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19
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Campos AI, Verweij KJH, Statham DJ, Madden PAF, Maciejewski DF, Davis KAS, John A, Hotopf M, Heath AC, Martin NG, Rentería ME. Genetic aetiology of self-harm ideation and behaviour. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9713. [PMID: 32546850 PMCID: PMC7297971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Family studies have identified a heritable component to self-harm that is partially independent from comorbid psychiatric disorders. However, the genetic aetiology of broad sense (non-suicidal and suicidal) self-harm has not been characterised on the molecular level. In addition, controversy exists about the degree to which suicidal and non-suicidal self-harm share a common genetic aetiology. In the present study, we conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on lifetime self-harm ideation and self-harm behaviour (i.e. any lifetime self-harm act regardless of suicidal intent) using data from the UK Biobank (n > 156,000). We also perform genome wide gene-based tests and characterize the SNP heritability and genetic correlations between these traits. Finally, we test whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for self-harm ideation and self-harm behaviour predict suicide attempt, suicide thoughts and non-suicidal self-harm (NSSH) in an independent target sample of 8,703 Australian adults. Our GWAS results identified one genome-wide significant locus associated with each of the two phenotypes. SNP heritability (hsnp2) estimates were ~10%, and both traits were highly genetically correlated (LDSC rg > 0.8). Gene-based tests identified seven genes associated with self-harm ideation and four with self-harm behaviour. Furthermore, in the target sample, PRS for self-harm ideation were significantly associated with suicide thoughts and NSSH, and PRS for self-harm behaviour predicted suicide thoughts and suicide attempt. Follow up regressions identified a shared genetic aetiology between NSSH and suicide thoughts, and between suicide thoughts and suicide attempt. Evidence for shared genetic aetiology between NSSH and suicide attempt was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian I Campos
- Department of Genetics & Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.
| | - Karin J H Verweij
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dixie J Statham
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University, Ballarat, VIC, 3550, Australia
| | - Pamela A F Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Dominique F Maciejewski
- Department of Developmental Psychopathology, Behavioural Science Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Katrina A S Davis
- KCL Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ann John
- HDRUK, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- KCL Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Department of Genetics & Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Miguel E Rentería
- Department of Genetics & Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.
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20
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Gilabert-Juan J, López-Campos G, Sebastiá-Ortega N, Guara-Ciurana S, Ruso-Julve F, Prieto C, Crespo-Facorro B, Sanjuán J, Moltó MD. Time dependent expression of the blood biomarkers EIF2D and TOX in patients with schizophrenia. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:909-915. [PMID: 31078689 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During last years, there has been an intensive search for blood biomarkers in schizophrenia to assist in diagnosis, prognosis and clinical management of the disease. METHODS In this study, we first conducted a weighted gene coexpression network analysis to address differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood from patients with chronic schizophrenia (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 15). The discriminating performance of the candidate genes was further tested in an independent cohort of patients with first-episode schizophrenia (n = 124) and healthy controls (n = 54), and in postmortem brain samples (cingulate and prefrontal cortices) from patients with schizophrenia (n = 34) and healthy controls (n = 35). RESULTS The expression of the Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2D (EIF2D) gene, which is involved in protein synthesis regulation, was increased in the chronic patients of schizophrenia. On the contrary, the expression of the Thymocyte Selection-Associated High Mobility Group Box (TOX) gene, involved in immune function, was reduced. EIF2D expression was also altered in first-episode schizophrenia patients, but showing reduced levels. Any of the postmortem brain areas studied did not show differences of expression of both genes. CONCLUSIONS EIF2D and TOX are putative blood markers of chronic patients of schizophrenia, which expression change from the onset to the chronic disease, unraveling new biological pathways that can be used for the development of new intervention strategies in the diagnosis and prognosis of schizophrenia disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gilabert-Juan
- Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | | | - Noelia Sebastiá-Ortega
- Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Fulgencio Ruso-Julve
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Carlos Prieto
- Servicio de Bioinformática, Nucleus, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Julio Sanjuán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Unit of Psychiatry, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Moltó
- Department of Genetics, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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21
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Tongluojiunao, a traditional Chinese medication with neuroprotective ability: A review of the cellular, molecular and physiological mediators of TLJN’s effectiveness. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:485-495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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22
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Dynamic Causal Modeling and machine learning for effective connectivity in Auditory Hallucination. Neurocomputing 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2016.08.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chen X, Shibata AC, Hendi A, Kurashina M, Fortes E, Weilinger NL, MacVicar BA, Murakoshi H, Mizumoto K. Rap2 and TNIK control Plexin-dependent tiled synaptic innervation in C. elegans. eLife 2018; 7:38801. [PMID: 30063210 PMCID: PMC6067881 DOI: 10.7554/elife.38801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, neurons form synapses with their fate-determined targets. While we begin to elucidate the mechanisms by which extracellular ligand-receptor interactions enhance synapse specificity by inhibiting synaptogenesis, our knowledge about their intracellular mechanisms remains limited. Here we show that Rap2 GTPase (rap-2) and its effector, TNIK (mig-15), act genetically downstream of Plexin (plx-1) to restrict presynaptic assembly and to form tiled synaptic innervation in C. elegans. Both constitutively GTP- and GDP-forms of rap-2 mutants exhibit synaptic tiling defects as plx-1 mutants, suggesting that cycling of the RAP-2 nucleotide state is critical for synapse inhibition. Consistently, PLX-1 suppresses local RAP-2 activity. Excessive ectopic synapse formation in mig-15 mutants causes a severe synaptic tiling defect. Conversely, overexpression of mig-15 strongly inhibited synapse formation, suggesting that mig-15 is a negative regulator of synapse formation. These results reveal that subcellular regulation of small GTPase activity by Plexin shapes proper synapse patterning in vivo. Genes do more than just direct the color of our hair or eyes. They produce proteins that are involved in almost every process in the body. In humans, the majority of active genes can be found in the brain, where they help it to develop and work properly – effectively controlling how we move and behave. The brain’s functional units, the nerve cells or neurons, communicate with each other by releasing messenger molecules in the gap between them, the synapse. These molecules are then picked up from specific receptor proteins of the receiving neuron. In the nervous system, neurons only form synapses with the cells they need to connect with, even though they are surrounded by many more cells. This implies that they use specific mechanisms to stop neurons from forming synapses with incorrect target cells. This is important, because if too many synapses were present or if synapses formed with incorrect target cells, it would compromise the information flow in the nervous system. This would ultimately lead to various neurological conditions, including Autism Spectrum Disorder. In 2013, researchers found that in the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, a receptor protein called Plexin, is located at the surface of the neurons and can inhibit the formation of nearby synapses. Now, Chen et al. – including one author involved in the previous research – wanted to find out what genes Plexin manipulates when it stops synapses from growing. Knowing what each of those genes does can help us understand how neurons can inhibit synapses. The results revealed that Plexin appears to regulate two genes, Rap2 and TNIK. Plexin reduced the activity of Rap2 in the neuron that released the messenger, which hindered the formation of synapses. The gene TNIK and its protein on the other hand, have the ability to modify other proteins and could so inhibit the growth of synapses. When TNIK was experimentally removed, the number of synapses increased, but when its activity was increased, the number of synapses was strongly reduced. These findings could help scientists understand how mutations in Rap2 or TNIK can lead to various neurological conditions. A next step will be to test if these genes also affect the formation of synapses in other species such as mice, which have a more complex nervous system that is structurally and functionally more similar to that of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Akihiro Ce Shibata
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Ardalan Hendi
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mizuki Kurashina
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ethan Fortes
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Brian A MacVicar
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hideji Murakoshi
- Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kota Mizumoto
- Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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24
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Casas BS, Vitória G, do Costa MN, Madeiro da Costa R, Trindade P, Maciel R, Navarrete N, Rehen SK, Palma V. hiPSC-derived neural stem cells from patients with schizophrenia induce an impaired angiogenesis. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:48. [PMID: 29467462 PMCID: PMC5821759 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0095-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disease characterized by cerebral connectivity impairment and loss of gray matter. It was described in adult schizophrenia patients (SZP) that concentration of VEGFA, a master angiogenic factor, is decreased. Recent evidence suggests cerebral hypoperfusion related to a dysfunctional Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) in SZP. Since neurogenesis and blood-vessel formation occur in a coincident and coordinated fashion, a defect in neurovascular development could result in increased vascular permeability and, therefore, in poor functionality of the SZP's neurons. Here, we characterized the conditioned media (CM) of human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSC)-derived Neural Stem Cells of SZP (SZP NSC) versus healthy subjects (Ctrl NSC), and its impact on angiogenesis. Our results reveal that SZP NSC have an imbalance in the secretion and expression of several angiogenic factors, among them non-canonical neuro-angiogenic guidance factors. SZP NSC migrated less and their CM was less effective in inducing migration and angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Since SZP originates during embryonic brain development, our findings suggest a defective crosstalk between NSC and endothelial cells (EC) during the formation of the neuro-angiogenic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara S Casas
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Development, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriela Vitória
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo N do Costa
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Pablo Trindade
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Maciel
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nelson Navarrete
- Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Stevens K Rehen
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Verónica Palma
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Development, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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25
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Neary JL, Perez SM, Peterson K, Lodge DJ, Carless MA. Comparative analysis of MBD-seq and MeDIP-seq and estimation of gene expression changes in a rodent model of schizophrenia. Genomics 2017; 109:204-213. [PMID: 28365388 PMCID: PMC5526217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a comparative study of multiplexed affinity enrichment sequence methodologies (MBD-seq and MeDIP-seq) in a rodent model of schizophrenia, induced by in utero methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) exposure. We also examined related gene expression changes using a pooled sample approach. MBD-seq and MeDIP-seq identified 769 and 1771 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between F2 offspring of MAM-exposed rats and saline control rats, respectively. The assays showed good concordance, with ~56% of MBD-seq-detected DMRs being identified by or proximal to MeDIP-seq DMRs. There was no significant overlap between DMRs and differentially expressed genes, suggesting that DNA methylation regulatory effects may act upon more distal genes, or are too subtle to detect using our approach. Methylation and gene expression gene ontology enrichment analyses identified biological processes important to schizophrenia pathophysiology, including neuron differentiation, prepulse inhibition, amphetamine response, and glutamatergic synaptic transmission regulation, reinforcing the utility of the MAM rodent model for schizophrenia research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Neary
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.
| | - Stephanie M Perez
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Kara Peterson
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.
| | - Daniel J Lodge
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Melanie A Carless
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.
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26
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Graña M, Ozaeta L, Chyzhyk D. Resting State Effective Connectivity Allows Auditory Hallucination Discrimination. Int J Neural Syst 2017; 27:1750019. [DOI: 10.1142/s0129065717500198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hallucinations are elusive phenomena that have been associated with psychotic behavior, but that have a high prevalence in healthy population. Some generative mechanisms of Auditory Hallucinations (AH) have been proposed in the literature, but so far empirical evidence is scarce. The most widely accepted generative mechanism hypothesis nowadays consists in the faulty workings of a network of brain areas including the emotional control, the audio and language processing, and the inhibition and self-attribution of the signals in the auditive cortex. In this paper, we consider two methods to analyze resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data, in order to measure effective connections between the brain regions involved in the AH generation process. These measures are the Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) cross-covariance function (CCF) coefficients, and the partially directed coherence (PDC) coefficients derived from Granger Causality (GC) analysis. Effective connectivity measures are treated as input classifier features to assess their significance by means of cross-validation classification accuracy results in a wrapper feature selection approach. Experimental results using Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers on an rs-fMRI dataset of schizophrenia patients with and without a history of AH confirm that the main regions identified in the AH generative mechanism hypothesis have significant effective connection values, under both DCM and PDC evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Graña
- Computational Intelligence Group, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Spain
- ACPySS, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Leire Ozaeta
- Computational Intelligence Group, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Spain
| | - Darya Chyzhyk
- Computational Intelligence Group, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Spain
- CISE Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
- ACPySS, San Sebastian, Spain
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27
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Son AI, Fu X, Suto F, Liu JS, Hashimoto-Torii K, Torii M. Proteome dynamics during postnatal mouse corpus callosum development. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45359. [PMID: 28349996 PMCID: PMC5368975 DOI: 10.1038/srep45359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of cortical connections requires the precise coordination of numerous discrete phases. This is particularly significant with regard to the corpus callosum, whose development undergoes several dynamic stages including the crossing of axon projections, elimination of exuberant projections, and myelination of established tracts. To comprehensively characterize the molecular events in this dynamic process, we set to determine the distinct temporal expression of proteins regulating the formation of the corpus callosum and their respective developmental functions. Mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling was performed on early postnatal mouse corpus callosi, for which limited evidence has been obtained previously, using stable isotope of labeled amino acids in mammals (SILAM). The analyzed corpus callosi had distinct proteomic profiles depending on age, indicating rapid progression of specific molecular events during this period. The proteomic profiles were then segregated into five separate clusters, each with distinct trajectories relevant to their intended developmental functions. Our analysis both confirms many previously-identified proteins in aspects of corpus callosum development, and identifies new candidates in understudied areas of development including callosal axon refinement. We present a valuable resource for identifying new proteins integral to corpus callosum development that will provide new insights into the development and diseases afflicting this structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Son
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Fu
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Fumikazu Suto
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Judy S Liu
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Kazue Hashimoto-Torii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Masaaki Torii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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28
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Håkansson K, Runker AE, O'Sullivan GJ, Mitchell KJ, Waddington JL, O'Tuathaigh CMP. Semaphorin 6A knockout mice display abnormalities across ethologically-based topographies of exploration and in motor learning. Neurosci Lett 2017; 641:70-76. [PMID: 28109776 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Semaphorins are secreted or membrane-bound proteins implicated in neurodevelopmental processes of axon guidance and cell migration. Exploratory behaviour and motor learning was examined ethologically in Semaphorin 6A (Sema6A) mutant mice. The ethogram of initial exploration in Sema6A knockout mice was characterised by increased rearing to wall with decreased sifting; over subsequent habituation, locomotion, sniffing and rearing to wall were increased, with reduced habituation of rearing seated. Rotarod analysis indicated delayed motor learning in Sema6A heterozygous mutants. Disruption to the axonal guidance and cell migration processes regulated by Sema6A is associated with topographically specific disruption to fundamental aspects of behaviour, namely the ethogram of initial exploration and subsequent habituation to the environment, and motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Håkansson
- Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Annette E Runker
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Gerard J O'Sullivan
- Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kevin J Mitchell
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - John L Waddington
- Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colm M P O'Tuathaigh
- Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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