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Wang J, Gu R, Kong X, Luan S, Luo YLL. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and post-GWAS analyses of impulsivity: A systematic review. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 132:110986. [PMID: 38430953 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Impulsivity is related to a host of mental and behavioral problems. It is a complex construct with many different manifestations, most of which are heritable. The genetic compositions of these impulsivity manifestations, however, remain unclear. A number of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and post-GWAS analyses have tried to address this issue. We conducted a systematic review of all GWAS and post-GWAS analyses of impulsivity published up to December 2023. Available data suggest that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in more than a dozen of genes (e.g., CADM2, CTNNA2, GPM6B) are associated with different measures of impulsivity at genome-wide significant levels. Post-GWAS analyses further show that different measures of impulsivity are subject to different degrees of genetic influence, share few genetic variants, and have divergent genetic overlap with basic personality traits such as extroversion and neuroticism, cognitive ability, psychiatric disorders, substance use, and obesity. These findings shed light on controversies in the conceptualization and measurement of impulsivity, while providing new insights on the underlying mechanisms that yoke impulsivity to psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ruolei Gu
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiangzhen Kong
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchundong Road, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Shenghua Luan
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yu L L Luo
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing 100101, China.
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2
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Nurmi EL, Laughlin CP, de Wit H, Palmer AA, MacKillop J, Cannon TD, Bilder RM, Congdon E, Sabb FW, Seaman LC, McElroy JJ, Libowitz MR, Weafer J, Gray J, Dean AC, Hellemann GS, London ED. Polygenic contributions to performance on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3524-3530. [PMID: 37582857 PMCID: PMC10618088 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Risky decision-making is a common, heritable endophenotype seen across many psychiatric disorders. Its underlying genetic architecture is incompletely explored. We examined behavior in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), which tests risky decision-making, in two independent samples of European ancestry. One sample (n = 1138) comprised healthy participants and some psychiatric patients (53 schizophrenia, 42 bipolar disorder, 47 ADHD); the other (n = 911) excluded for recent treatment of various psychiatric disorders but not ADHD. Participants provided DNA and performed the BART, indexed by mean adjusted pumps. We constructed a polygenic risk score (PRS) for discovery in each dataset and tested it in the other as replication. Subsequently, a genome-wide MEGA-analysis, combining both samples, tested genetic correlation with risk-taking self-report in the UK Biobank sample and psychiatric phenotypes characterized by risk-taking (ADHD, Bipolar Disorder, Alcohol Use Disorder, prior cannabis use) in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. The PRS for BART performance in one dataset predicted task performance in the replication sample (r = 0.13, p = 0.000012, pFDR = 0.000052), as did the reciprocal analysis (r = 0.09, p = 0.0083, pFDR=0.04). Excluding participants with psychiatric diagnoses produced similar results. The MEGA-GWAS identified a single SNP (rs12023073; p = 3.24 × 10-8) near IGSF21, a protein involved in inhibitory brain synapses; replication samples are needed to validate this result. A PRS for self-reported cannabis use (p = 0.00047, pFDR = 0.0053), but not self-reported risk-taking or psychiatric disorder status, predicted behavior on the BART in our MEGA-GWAS sample. The findings reveal polygenic architecture of risky decision-making as measured by the BART and highlight its overlap with cannabis use.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Nurmi
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - C P Laughlin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - H de Wit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - A A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - J MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University and St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, L8S4L8, Canada
| | - T D Cannon
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - R M Bilder
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - E Congdon
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - F W Sabb
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - L C Seaman
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - J J McElroy
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - M R Libowitz
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - J Weafer
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - J Gray
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - A C Dean
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - G S Hellemann
- Department of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - E D London
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
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3
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Sanchez-Roige S, Jennings MV, Thorpe HHA, Mallari JE, van der Werf LC, Bianchi SB, Huang Y, Lee C, Mallard TT, Barnes SA, Wu JY, Barkley-Levenson AM, Boussaty EC, Snethlage CE, Schafer D, Babic Z, Winters BD, Watters KE, Biederer T, Mackillop J, Stephens DN, Elson SL, Fontanillas P, Khokhar JY, Young JW, Palmer AA. CADM2 is implicated in impulsive personality and numerous other traits by genome- and phenome-wide association studies in humans and mice. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:167. [PMID: 37173343 PMCID: PMC10182097 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Impulsivity is a multidimensional heritable phenotype that broadly refers to the tendency to act prematurely and is associated with multiple forms of psychopathology, including substance use disorders. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of eight impulsive personality traits from the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and the short UPPS-P Impulsive Personality Scale (N = 123,509-133,517 23andMe research participants of European ancestry), and a measure of Drug Experimentation (N = 130,684). Because these GWAS implicated the gene CADM2, we next performed single-SNP phenome-wide studies (PheWAS) of several of the implicated variants in CADM2 in a multi-ancestral 23andMe cohort (N = 3,229,317, European; N = 579,623, Latin American; N = 199,663, African American). Finally, we produced Cadm2 mutant mice and used them to perform a Mouse-PheWAS ("MouseWAS") by testing them with a battery of relevant behavioral tasks. In humans, impulsive personality traits showed modest chip-heritability (~6-11%), and moderate genetic correlations (rg = 0.20-0.50) with other personality traits, and various psychiatric and medical traits. We identified significant associations proximal to genes such as TCF4 and PTPRF, and also identified nominal associations proximal to DRD2 and CRHR1. PheWAS for CADM2 variants identified associations with 378 traits in European participants, and 47 traits in Latin American participants, replicating associations with risky behaviors, cognition and BMI, and revealing novel associations including allergies, anxiety, irritable bowel syndrome, and migraine. Our MouseWAS recapitulated some of the associations found in humans, including impulsivity, cognition, and BMI. Our results further delineate the role of CADM2 in impulsivity and numerous other psychiatric and somatic traits across ancestries and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Mariela V Jennings
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hayley H A Thorpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jazlene E Mallari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Sevim B Bianchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuye Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Calvin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Travis T Mallard
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel A Barnes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jin Yi Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Ely C Boussaty
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cedric E Snethlage
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Danielle Schafer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zeljana Babic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Boyer D Winters
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Katherine E Watters
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Thomas Biederer
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Mackillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University and St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada and Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - David N Stephens
- Laboratory of Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | | | | | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jared W Young
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Deng WQ, Belisario K, Gray JC, Levitt EE, Mohammadi-Shemirani P, Singh D, Pare G, MacKillop J. Leveraging related health phenotypes for polygenic prediction of impulsive choice, impulsive action, and impulsive personality traits in 1534 European ancestry community adults. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2023:e12848. [PMID: 37060189 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Impulsivity refers to a number of conceptually related phenotypes reflecting self-regulatory capacity that are considered promising endophenotypes for mental and physical health. Measures of impulsivity can be broadly grouped into three domains, namely, impulsive choice, impulsive action, and impulsive personality traits. In a community-based sample of ancestral Europeans (n = 1534), we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of impulsive choice (delay discounting), impulsive action (behavioral inhibition), and impulsive personality traits (UPPS-P), and evaluated 11 polygenic risk scores (PRSs) of phenotypes previously linked to self-regulation. Although there were no individual genome-wide significant hits, the neuroticism PRS was positively associated with negative urgency (adjusted R2 = 1.61%, p = 3.6 × 10-7 ) and the educational attainment PRS was inversely associated with delay discounting (adjusted R2 = 1.68%, p = 2.2 × 10-7 ). There was also evidence implicating PRSs of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, externalizing, risk-taking, smoking cessation, smoking initiation, and body mass index with one or more impulsivity phenotypes (adjusted R2 s: 0.35%-1.07%; FDR adjusted ps = 0.05-0.0006). These significant associations between PRSs and impulsivity phenotypes are consistent with established genetic correlations. The combined PRS explained 0.91%-2.46% of the phenotypic variance for individual impulsivity measures, corresponding to 8.7%-32.5% of their reported single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability, suggesting a non-negligible portion of the SNP-based heritability can be recovered by PRSs. These results support the predictive validity and utility of PRSs, even derived from related phenotypes, to inform the genetics of impulsivity phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Q Deng
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Kyla Belisario
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Joshua C Gray
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily E Levitt
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | - Desmond Singh
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Wterloo, Canada
| | - Guillaume Pare
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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5
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Massoud S, Salmanian M, Tabibian M, Ghamari R, Tavabe Ghavami TS, Alizadeh F. The contribution of the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2 A gene polymorphisms rs6311 and rs6313 to Schizophrenia in Iran. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2633-2639. [PMID: 36639522 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Schizophrenia is an acute mental disorder with an undefined etiology. Its high heritability suggests that several genetic variants and polymorphisms may contribute to the severity and emergence of its symptoms. Former molecular evidence has shed some light on the association of serotonergic pathway genetic polymorphisms with schizophrenia. This study aimed to investigate the association between schizophrenia and two SNPs from one haplotype block, which lies in the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2 A (5-HTR2A) gene in the Iranian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS Blood samples were collected from one-hundred and fifty-two patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and one-hundred and fifty-eight cases of the healthy control, who were matched in terms of age and gender. The participants were genotyped for rs6311 and rs6313 using PCR-RFLP. R programming language and Haploview software were respectively leveraged for statistical and haplotype inferencing. RESULTS The results showed that there was no significant association between rs6313 and schizophrenia. However, the rs6311 T allele was independently associated with schizophrenia, and it was significantly associated with SCZ in an rs6311-rs6313 haplotype. Moreover, the general linear model confirmed the potential predictor role of rs6311 for schizophrenia and the C allele of rs6313 demonstrated a higher frequency among females compared to males. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicated the association of rs6311 and rs6311-rs6313 haplotype with schizophrenia in the Iranian population and also suggested a potential schizophrenia risk predictor role for rs6311.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Massoud
- Department of Genomic Psychiatry and Behavioral Genomics (DGPBG), Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Salmanian
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mobina Tabibian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rana Ghamari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Alizadeh
- Department of Genomic Psychiatry and Behavioral Genomics (DGPBG), Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Fineberg NA, Menchón JM, Hall N, Dell'Osso B, Brand M, Potenza MN, Chamberlain SR, Cirnigliaro G, Lochner C, Billieux J, Demetrovics Z, Rumpf HJ, Müller A, Castro-Calvo J, Hollander E, Burkauskas J, Grünblatt E, Walitza S, Corazza O, King DL, Stein DJ, Grant JE, Pallanti S, Bowden-Jones H, Ameringen MV, Ioannidis K, Carmi L, Goudriaan AE, Martinotti G, Sales CMD, Jones J, Gjoneska B, Király O, Benatti B, Vismara M, Pellegrini L, Conti D, Cataldo I, Riva GM, Yücel M, Flayelle M, Hall T, Griffiths M, Zohar J. Advances in problematic usage of the internet research - A narrative review by experts from the European network for problematic usage of the internet. Compr Psychiatry 2022; 118:152346. [PMID: 36029549 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Global concern about problematic usage of the internet (PUI), and its public health and societal costs, continues to grow, sharpened in focus under the privations of the COVID-19 pandemic. This narrative review reports the expert opinions of members of the largest international network of researchers on PUI in the framework of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action (CA 16207), on the scientific progress made and the critical knowledge gaps remaining to be filled as the term of the Action reaches its conclusion. A key advance has been achieving consensus on the clinical definition of various forms of PUI. Based on the overarching public health principles of protecting individuals and the public from harm and promoting the highest attainable standard of health, the World Health Organisation has introduced several new structured diagnoses into the ICD-11, including gambling disorder, gaming disorder, compulsive sexual behaviour disorder, and other unspecified or specified disorders due to addictive behaviours, alongside naming online activity as a diagnostic specifier. These definitions provide for the first time a sound platform for developing systematic networked research into various forms of PUI at global scale. Progress has also been made in areas such as refining and simplifying some of the available assessment instruments, clarifying the underpinning brain-based and social determinants, and building more empirically based etiological models, as a basis for therapeutic intervention, alongside public engagement initiatives. However, important gaps in our knowledge remain to be tackled. Principal among these include a better understanding of the course and evolution of the PUI-related problems, across different age groups, genders and other specific vulnerable groups, reliable methods for early identification of individuals at risk (before PUI becomes disordered), efficacious preventative and therapeutic interventions and ethical health and social policy changes that adequately safeguard human digital rights. The paper concludes with recommendations for achievable research goals, based on longitudinal analysis of a large multinational cohort co-designed with public stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi A Fineberg
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, UK; School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK; School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - José M Menchón
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Cibersam, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalie Hall
- Centre for Health Services and Clinical Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Bernardo Dell'Osso
- Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Center for Nanotechnology and Neurostimulation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Centro per lo studio dei meccanismi molecolari alla base delle patologie neuro-psico-geriatriche", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthias Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Child Study, Yale University School of Medicine, and Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, USA, New Haven, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, USA
| | - Samuel R Chamberlain
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK; Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Giovanna Cirnigliaro
- Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Christine Lochner
- SAMRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hans Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit, Research Group S:TEP (Substance use and related disorders: Treatment, Epidemiology and Prevention) University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Jesús Castro-Calvo
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Eric Hollander
- Autism and Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Program, Psychiatric Research Institute at Montefiore-Einstein, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Vyduno al. 4, 00135 Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ornella Corazza
- Department of Clinical Pharmacological and Biological Science, University of Hertfordshire
| | - Daniel L King
- College of Education, Psychology, & Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town
| | - Jon E Grant
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago
| | - Stefano Pallanti
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, New York, USA; INS Istituto di Neuroscienze, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Michael Van Ameringen
- Deptartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Konstantinos Ioannidis
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lior Carmi
- Post-Trauma Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Reichman University, The Data Science Institution, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Anna E Goudriaan
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research & Arkin, the Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Célia M D Sales
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Center for Psychology at University of Porto (CPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Julia Jones
- School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | | | - Orsolya Király
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beatrice Benatti
- Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Center for Nanotechnology and Neurostimulation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Vismara
- Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Center for Nanotechnology and Neurostimulation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Pellegrini
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, UK; School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Dario Conti
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, UK; Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cataldo
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Gianluigi M Riva
- School of Information and Communication Studies, University College Dublin
| | - Murat Yücel
- Brain Park, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maèva Flayelle
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Joseph Zohar
- Post-Trauma Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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7
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Fuller-Thomson E, Rivière RN, Carrique L, Agbeyaka S. The Dark Side of ADHD: Factors Associated With Suicide Attempts Among Those With ADHD in a National Representative Canadian Sample. Arch Suicide Res 2022; 26:1122-1140. [PMID: 33345733 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2020.1856258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated the prevalence and odds of suicide attempts among adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared to those without and identified factors associated with suicide attempts among adults with ADHD. METHODS Secondary analysis of the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health (CCHS-MH) (n = 21,744 adults, of whom 529 had ADHD). Respondents were asked whether they received an ADHD diagnosis from a health care professional. Lifetime suicide attempt was based on self-report. RESULTS Adults with ADHD were much more likely to have attempted suicide than those without (14.0% vs. 2.7%). One in four women with ADHD have attempted suicide. Sixty percent of the association between ADHD and attempted suicide was attenuated when lifetime history of depression and anxiety disorders were taken into account. Female gender, lower education attainment, substance abuse, lifetime history of depression, and childhood exposure to chronic parental domestic violence were found to be independent correlates of lifetime suicide attempts among those with ADHD. CONCLUSION These findings can inform targeted screening and outreach to the most vulnerable adults with ADHD.
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Smederevac S, Sadiković S, Čolović P, Vučinić N, Milutinović A, Riemann R, Corr PJ, Prinz M, Budimlija Z. Quantitative behavioral genetic and molecular genetic foundations of the approach and avoidance strategies. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-15. [PMID: 35095249 PMCID: PMC8788394 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02724-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Two studies examined genetic and environmental influences on traits proposed by the revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (rRST) of personality. Both quantitative and molecular behavioral genetic methods were applied considering the effects of COMT, DRD2, HTR1A and TPH2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Study one included 274 monozygotic and 154 dizygotic twins for the quantitative behavioral study; and in study two there were 431 twins for the molecular genetic study. The Reinforcement Sensitivity Questionnaire was used to assess basic personality traits defined by the rRST. Univariate biometric modeling suggested that genetic influences accounted for 34-44% of variance of Behavioral Approach System (BAS), Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and Fight-Fligh-Freeze System. Molecular genetic analyses proposed the significant main effect of COMT SNP on the BAS and TPH2 SNP on the BIS, and pointed out epistatic effects of COMT x DRD2 on BAS and HTR1A x TPH2 on Fight. Results demonstrated substantial heritability for all rRST constructs, as well as for differences in the molecular genetic basis of both approach-related and avoidance-related dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snežana Smederevac
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjića 2, Novi Sad, 21 000 Serbia
| | - Selka Sadiković
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjića 2, Novi Sad, 21 000 Serbia
| | - Petar Čolović
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjića 2, Novi Sad, 21 000 Serbia
| | - Nataša Vučinić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Rainer Riemann
- Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Philip J. Corr
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Mechthild Prinz
- John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York, New York, NY USA
| | - Zoran Budimlija
- Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
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9
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Afari N, Gasperi M, Dochat C, Wooldridge JS, Herbert MS, Schur EA, Buchwald DS. Genetic and environmental influences on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and disinhibited eating behaviors. Eat Disord 2021; 29:226-244. [PMID: 33404377 PMCID: PMC8257777 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2020.1864587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and eating disorders (ED) frequently co-occur, but the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. EDs are characterized by features of maladaptive eating behaviors including disinhibited eating and cognitive dietary restraint. Identifying the genetic overlap between PTSD symptoms and maladaptive eating behaviors may elucidate biological mechanisms and potential treatment targets. A community sample of 400 same-sex twins (102 monozygotic and 98 dizygotic pairs) completed the PTSD Checklist-Civilian (PCL-C) for PTSD symptoms and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-Reduced (TFEQ-R18) for eating behaviors (uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, and cognitive dietary restraint). We used biometric modeling to examine the genetic and environmental relationships between PCL-C and TFEQ-R18 total and subscales scores. Heritability was estimated at 48% for PTSD symptoms and 45% for eating behavior overall. Bivariate models revealed a significant genetic correlation between PTSD symptoms and eating behavior overall (rg =.34; CI:.07,.58) and Uncontrolled Eating (rg =.53; CI:.24,.84), and a significant environmental correlation between PTSD symptoms and Emotional Eating (re =.30; CI:.12,.45). These findings suggest the influence of common etiology. Future research and clinical efforts should focus on developing integrated treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Afari
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Mental Health, Department of Research, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marianna Gasperi
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Mental Health, Department of Research, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Cara Dochat
- Department of Mental Health, Department of Research, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA.,San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jennalee S Wooldridge
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Mental Health, Department of Research, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Matthew S Herbert
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Mental Health, Department of Research, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ellen A Schur
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dedra S Buchwald
- Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington, USA
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10
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Alfano V, Longarzo M, Aiello M, Soricelli A, Cavaliere C. Cerebral microstructural abnormalities in impulsivity: a magnetic resonance study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:346-354. [PMID: 32128715 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Studies that investigated neurobiological parameters subtended to impulsivity trait found their relationship with structural and functional brain alterations. No studies investigated the white matter microstructural attributes of impulsivity in a large sample of healthy subjects. In the present study 1007 subjects from Human Connectome Project public dataset were divided in two groups, impulsive and not impulsive, basing on Delay Discounting task score. For both groups brain morphometric and microstructural characteristics were investigated. A t-test (correct for multiple comparisons) was performed for each brain parcel and impulsivity measure. Magnetic resonance diffusion images were pre-processed and selected to perform a voxelwise analysis on the fractional anisotropy (FA) maps between impulsive and not impulsive groups. Group analysis showed significant differences in morphometric brain data mainly for temporal and frontal lobes. The impulsive group presented higher FA values in four regions: bilateral medial lemniscus and midbrain reticular formation, right superior longitudinal fasciculus, left forceps major, right corticospinal tract. Not impulsive group showed higher FA values in two significant regions: right and left anterior thalamus radiation. Concluding, macroscopic and microstructural brain alterations were assessed, identifying new neuroanatomical substrates for multidimensional impulsivity construct in a large sample of healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marco Aiello
- IRCCS SDN, Via Emanuele Gianturco, 113, Naples, Italy
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11
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Sindermann C, Sariyska R, Elhai JD, Montag C. Molecular genetics of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides involved in Internet use disorders including first insights on a potential role of hypothalamus' oxytocin hormone. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 182:389-400. [PMID: 34266607 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819973-2.00026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This chapter covers the phenomenon of Internet use disorders (IUDs) and putative associations with different neurotransmitter and neuropeptide systems. Genes coding for such messengers can be seen as an important starting point in the complicated quest to understand human behavior including new phenomena such as IUDs. Therefore, a special focus of this chapter will lie on individual differences in molecular genetic underpinnings of neurotransmitter and neuropeptide systems and their associations with individual differences in tendencies towards IUDs. By shedding light on these associations, putative predisposing molecular genetic factors for the emergence and maintenance of IUDs can be carved out. Therefore, first an introduction to IUDs and a model that can guide research on putative associations of IUDs with different specific neurotransmitters and neuropeptides will be presented. Subsequently, twin studies on the heritability of IUDs are reviewed. Finally, studies on differences in molecular genetic predispositions and their associations with differences in IUDs will be presented and discussed, including targets related to the dopaminergic and serotonergic system as well as the hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin. The chapter closes with a conclusion about what is already known and what needs to be investigated in future studies to gain further insights into putative associations between molecular genetic markers and IUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rayna Sariyska
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jon D Elhai
- Departments of Psychology and of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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12
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Wiss DA, Avena N, Gold M. Food Addiction and Psychosocial Adversity: Biological Embedding, Contextual Factors, and Public Health Implications. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3521. [PMID: 33207612 PMCID: PMC7698089 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of stress, trauma, and adversity particularly early in life has been identified as a contributing factor in both drug and food addictions. While links between traumatic stress and substance use disorders are well documented, the pathways to food addiction and obesity are less established. This review focuses on psychosocial and neurobiological factors that may increase risk for addiction-like behaviors and ultimately increase BMI over the lifespan. Early childhood and adolescent adversity can induce long-lasting alterations in the glucocorticoid and dopamine systems that lead to increased addiction vulnerability later in life. Allostatic load, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and emerging data on epigenetics in the context of biological embedding are highlighted. A conceptual model for food addiction is proposed, which integrates data on the biological embedding of adversity as well as upstream psychological, social, and environmental factors. Dietary restraint as a feature of disordered eating is discussed as an important contextual factor related to food addiction. Discussion of various public health and policy considerations are based on the concept that improved knowledge of biopsychosocial mechanisms contributing to food addiction may decrease stigma associated with obesity and disordered eating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Wiss
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Nicole Avena
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Mark Gold
- School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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13
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Mattina GF, Samaan Z, Hall GB, Steiner M. The association of HTR2A polymorphisms with obsessive-compulsive disorder and its subtypes: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2020; 275:278-289. [PMID: 32734920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic risk factors that contribute to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have yet to be elucidated. Historically, serotonergic dysfunction has been implicated. Evidence from the literature points towards the serotonin receptor 2A gene (HTR2A) as a primary candidate. Our meta-analysis investigated whether polymorphisms in HTR2A are associated with OCD or its subtypes, based on sex and age of onset. METHODS Studies employing case-control or family-based designs were systematically searched, and those meeting eligibility underwent quality assessment, resulting in 18 studies. A random-effects meta-analysis using standard inverse-variance weighting to compute odds ratio (OR) was conducted. To examine sensitivity, results were also obtained using a more conservative statistical method. RESULTS Three HTR2A variants were identified: T102C, G-1438A, and C516T. T102C and G-1438A were analyzed together due to strong linkage disequilibrium, where the 102T allele co-occurs with -1438A allele. Results reported as OR [95%CI] showed that the T/A allele were significantly associated with OCD, 1.14 [1.01, 1.29]. After stratification, results remained significant for females, 1.20 [1.00, 1.45], and early-onset OCD, 1.27 [1.02, 1.58], but not males, 1.06 [0.91, 1.23]. No associations were found for late-onset OCD, 0.98 [0.70, 1.37], or C516T, 1.22 [0.14, 10.37], but conclusions cannot be drawn from two studies. LIMITATIONS Associations no longer reached significance with the conservative statistical approach. HTR2A alone cannot explain OCD complexity and limited samples reporting genetic data according to subtypes. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a possible association of HTR2A polymorphisms with OCD, but further investigations considering sex and age of onset with larger samples is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Francesca Mattina
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada; Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, 100 West 5(th) Street, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3K7, Canada
| | - Zainab Samaan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Geoffrey B Hall
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Meir Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada.
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14
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González-Giraldo Y, Forero DA. A functional SNP in the synaptic SNAP25 gene is associated with impulsivity in a Colombian sample. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:134. [PMID: 32154047 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-2110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that a functional polymorphism in the synaptosome associated protein 25 (SNAP25) gene could be associated with impulsivity scores in a sample of young Colombian subjects. Impulsivity has been postulated as an endophenotype for several psychiatric disorders of high epidemiological relevance. There is a need for the study of additional candidate genes for impulsivity. One hundred seventy-five young Colombian subjects completed the Spanish version of the short form of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-15S). A TaqMan assay was used to genotype a functional polymorphism (rs3746544) in the SNAP25 gene. A significant association was found between the functional polymorphism in the SNAP25 gene and impulsivity in the Colombian sample, with subjects carrying T/T and G/G genotypes showing lower mean scores in the non-planning subfactor (p = 0.02). This is the first report of an association of a functional polymorphism in the SNAP25 gene and a subfactor of the BIS-15S scale of impulsivity. In addition, this the first genetic study of impulsivity scores in a Latin American sample. Future studies should explore additional variants in brain-expressed miRNAs and in their binding sites as candidates for impulsivity in different populations.
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15
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Land MA, Ramesh D, Miller AL, Pyles RB, Cunningham KA, Moeller FG, Anastasio NC. Methylation Patterns of the HTR2A Associate With Relapse-Related Behaviors in Cocaine-Dependent Participants. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:532. [PMID: 32587535 PMCID: PMC7299072 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapse during abstinence in cocaine use disorder (CUD) is often hastened by high impulsivity (predisposition toward rapid unplanned reactions to stimuli without regard to negative consequences) and high cue reactivity (e.g., attentional bias towards drug reward stimuli). A deeper understanding of the degree to which individual biological differences predict or promote problematic behaviors may afford opportunities for clinical refinement and optimization of CUD diagnostics and/or therapies. Preclinical evidence implicates serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission through the 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) as a driver of individual differences in these relapse-related behaviors. Regulation of 5-HT2AR function occurs through many mechanisms, including DNA methylation of the HTR2A gene, an epigenetic modification linked with the memory of gene-environment interactions. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that methylation of the HTR2A may associate with relapse-related behavioral vulnerability in cocaine-dependent participants versus healthy controls. Impulsivity was assessed by self-report (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale; BIS-11) and the delay discounting task, while levels of cue reactivity were determined by performance in the cocaine-word Stroop task. Genomic DNA was extracted from lymphocytes and the bisulfite-treated DNA was subjected to pyrosequencing to determine degree of methylation at four cytosine residues of the HTR2A promoter (-1439, -1420, -1224, -253). We found that the percent methylation at site -1224 after correction for age trended towards a positive correlation with total BIS-11 scores in cocaine users, but not healthy controls. Percent methylation at site -1420 negatively correlated with rates of delay discounting in healthy controls, but not cocaine users. Lastly, the percent methylation at site -253 positively correlated with attentional bias toward cocaine-associated cues. DNA methylation at these cytosine residues of the HTR2A promoter may be differentially associated with impulsivity or cocaine-associated environmental cues. Taken together, these data suggest that methylation of the HTR2A may contribute to individual differences in relapse-related behaviors in CUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Land
- Center for Addiction Research, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Divya Ramesh
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Aaron L Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Richard B Pyles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Kathryn A Cunningham
- Center for Addiction Research, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - F Gerard Moeller
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Noelle C Anastasio
- Center for Addiction Research, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
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16
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Association between impulsivity traits and body mass index at the observational and genetic epidemiology level. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17583. [PMID: 31772290 PMCID: PMC6879509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the association between impulsivity related traits and BMI at the observational and genetic epidemiology level in a cross-sectional population of healthy young American-European adults. We studied 998 students and university staff of European ancestry recruited from Chicago (Illinois) and Athens (Georgia). We measured 14 impulsivity variables using three broad categories: impulsive choice, action and personality. Weight and height of participants were measured by research assistants. The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3751812 in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene was genotyped using the Illumina PsychArray BeadChip platform. Within the three broad domains of impulsivity, 4 parameters (delay discounting of rewards area under the curve and average of k indexes, Conner's continuous performance test, and negative urgency) were associated with BMI. The FTO rs3751812 minor allele T was associated with higher BMI. Of the 14 impulsivity variables, rs3751812 T was associated with more premeditation and perseverance, before and after adjusting for BMI. The association between FTO rs3751812 and BMI adjusted for premeditation remained significant, but disappeared after adjusting for perseverance and for both perseverance and premeditation traits. Our observational and genetic data indicate a complex pattern of association between impulsive behaviors and BMI in healthy young American-European adults.
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17
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Wiss DA. A Biopsychosocial Overview of the Opioid Crisis: Considering Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Health. Front Public Health 2019; 7:193. [PMID: 31338359 PMCID: PMC6629782 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The opioid crisis has reached epidemic proportions in the United States with rising overdose death rates. Identifying the underlying factors that contribute to addiction vulnerability may lead to more effective prevention strategies. Supply side environmental factors are a major contributing component. Psychosocial factors such as stress, trauma, and adverse childhood experiences have been linked to emotional pain leading to self-medication. Genetic and epigenetic factors associated with brain reward pathways and impulsivity are known predictors of addiction vulnerability. This review attempts to present a biopsychosocial approach that connects various social and biological theories related to the addiction crisis. The emerging role of nutrition therapy with an emphasis on gastrointestinal health in the treatment of opioid use disorder is presented. The biopsychosocial model integrates concepts from several disciplines, emphasizing multicausality rather than a reductionist approach. Potential solutions at multiple levels are presented, considering individual as well as population health. This single cohesive framework is based on the interdependency of the entire system, identifying risk and protective factors that may influence substance-seeking behavior. Nutrition should be included as one facet of a multidisciplinary approach toward improved recovery outcomes. Cross-disciplinary collaborative efforts, new ideas, and fiscal resources will be critical to address the epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Wiss
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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18
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Zheng D, Chen J, Wang X, Zhou Y. Genetic contribution to the phenotypic correlation between trait impulsivity and resting-state functional connectivity of the amygdala and its subregions. Neuroimage 2019; 201:115997. [PMID: 31284029 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Trait impulsivity, a predisposition to respond to stimuli without regard for the potentially negative consequences, contributes to many maladaptive behaviors. Studies have shown that both genetic factors and interregional functional interactions underlie trait impulsivity. However, whether common genes contribute to both trait impulsivity and its neural basis is still unknown. This study investigated the phenotypic correlations between trait impulsivity and the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the amygdala as well as its subregions and the genetic contribution to the phenotypic correlations. By recruiting a sample of 292 twins in late adolescence and young adulthood, we found that trait impulsivity was positively correlated with the rsFC between the left full amygdala and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Further analyses on the subregions of the amygdala showed that trait impulsivity was positively correlated with the rsFCs between the left basolateral (BL) amygdala and both the right DLPFC and the right inferior frontal gyrus and with the rsFCs between the right superficial (SF) amygdala and both the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and right anterior insula. Bivariate genetic modelling analyses found genetic overlaps between trait impulsivity and the rsFC of the left full amygdala or the left BL amygdala with the right DLPFC. The proportions of phenotypic associations accounted for by overlapping genes were 82% and 60%, respectively. These results provide evidence for the genetic overlap between trait impulsivity and the intrinsic brain functional connectivity centered at the amygdala and especially at its BL subregion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, 100101, PR China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, 100101, PR China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, 100101, PR China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China; The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, China.
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Genis-Mendoza AD, Ruiz-Ramos D, López-Narvaez ML, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Rosa García A, Cortes Meda G, Martinez-Magaña JJ, González-Castro TB, Juárez-Rojop IE, Nicolini H. Genetic association analysis of 5-HTR2A gene variants in eating disorders in a Mexican population. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01286. [PMID: 31199591 PMCID: PMC6625474 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The 5-HTR2A gene has been implicated as candidate gene for eating disorders. The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of rs6311 and rs6313 polymorphisms of 5-HTR2A gene with eating disorders in Mexican population, and to evaluate if the polymorphisms of 5-HTR2A gene were associated with comorbidities in eating behavior. METHODS We conducted a case-control analysis with 460 subjects. We included 168 patients with eating disorders and 292 controls; two polymorphisms of 5-HTR2A gene were genotyped. We assessed the association by allele, genotype, and inheritance models. Psychiatric comorbidities were analyzed by genotype in patients with eating disorders. RESULTS We found an association between rs6311 and eating disorders in a Mexican population by allele (OR = 8.09; 95% CI = 5.99-11.03; p = 2.2e-16) and genotype (OR = 76.14; 95% CI = 35.61-177.18; p = 2.2e-16). Individuals who carried GG genotype showed increased risk for suicide attempted (OR = 2.14; CI = 1.10-4.26; p = 0.035) as comorbidity associated with eating disorders. No positive associations were observed for rs6313 polymorphism. CONCLUSION Our results showed an association of rs6311 (A1438G) polymorphism of 5-HTR2A gene with eating disorders, and these polymorphic variants could increase the risk of psychiatric comorbidities. However, more studies are required to replicate the results and to reach to a conclusive association between eating disorders and rs6311.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Ruiz-Ramos
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | | | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, México
| | - Ana Rosa García
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N Navarro, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gabriela Cortes Meda
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N Navarro, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, México
| | - Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, México
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México, México
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20
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Genomic basis of delayed reward discounting. Behav Processes 2019; 162:157-161. [PMID: 30876880 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Delayed reward discounting (DRD) is a behavioral economic measure of impulsivity, reflecting how rapidly a reward loses value based on its temporal distance. In humans, more impulsive DRD is associated with susceptibility to a number of psychiatric diseases (e.g., addiction, ADHD), health outcomes (e.g., obesity), and lifetime outcomes (e.g., educational attainment). Although the determinants of DRD are both genetic and environmental, this review focuses on its genetic basis. Both rodent studies using inbred strains and human twin studies indicate that DRD is moderately heritable, a conclusion that was further supported by a recent human genome-wide association study (GWAS) that used single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) to estimate heritability. The GWAS of DRD also identified genetic correlations with psychiatric diagnoses, health outcomes, and measures of cognitive performance. Future research priorities include rodent studies probing putative genetic mechanisms of DRD and human GWASs using larger samples and non-European cohorts. Continuing to characterize genomic influences on DRD has the potential to yield important biological insights with implications for a variety of medically and socially important outcomes.
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21
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Vassileva J, Conrod PJ. Impulsivities and addictions: a multidimensional integrative framework informing assessment and interventions for substance use disorders. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20180137. [PMID: 30966920 PMCID: PMC6335463 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulse control is becoming a critical survival skill for the twenty-first century. Impulsivity is implicated in virtually all externalizing behaviours and disorders, and figures prominently in the aetiology and long-term sequelae of substance use disorders (SUDs). Despite its robust clinical and predictive validity, the study of impulsivity is complicated by its multidimensional nature, characterized by a variety of trait-like personality dimensions, as well as by more state-dependent neurocognitive dimensions, with variable convergence across measures. This review provides a hierarchical framework for linking self-report and neurocognitive measures to latent constructs of impulsivity and, in turn, to different psychopathology vulnerabilities, including substance-specific addictions and comorbidities. Impulsivity dimensions are presented as novel behavioural targets for prevention and intervention. Novel treatment approaches addressing domains of impulsivity are reviewed and recommendations for future directions in research and clinical interventions for SUDs are offered. This article is part of the theme issue 'Risk taking and impulsive behaviour: fundamental discoveries, theoretical perspectives and clinical implications'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Vassileva
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Patricia J. Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche, CHU Ste Justine, Montreal, Canada
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22
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Genome-Wide Association Studies of Impulsive Personality Traits (BIS-11 and UPPS-P) and Drug Experimentation in up to 22,861 Adult Research Participants Identify Loci in the CACNA1I and CADM2 genes. J Neurosci 2019; 39:2562-2572. [PMID: 30718321 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2662-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulsive personality traits are complex heritable traits that are governed by frontal-subcortical circuits and are associated with numerous neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly drug abuse and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In collaboration with the genetics company 23andMe, we performed 10 genome-wide association studies on measures of impulsive personality traits [the short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11)] and drug experimentation (the number of drug classes an individual had tried in their lifetime) in up to 22,861 male and female adult human research participants of European ancestry. Impulsive personality traits and drug experimentation showed single nucleotide polymorphism heritabilities that ranged from 5 to 11%. Genetic variants in the CADM2 locus were significantly associated with UPPS-P Sensation Seeking (p = 8.3 × 10-9, rs139528938) and showed a suggestive association with Drug Experimentation (p = 3.0 × 10-7, rs2163971; r 2 = 0.68 with rs139528938). Furthermore, genetic variants in the CACNA1I locus were significantly associated with UPPS-P Negative Urgency (p = 3.8 × 10-8; rs199694726). The role of these genes was supported by single variant, gene- and transcriptome-based analyses. Multiple subscales from both UPPS-P and BIS showed strong genetic correlations (>0.5) with Drug Experimentation and other substance use traits measured in independent cohorts, including smoking initiation, and lifetime cannabis use. Several UPPS-P and BIS subscales were genetically correlated with ADHD (r g = 0.30-0.51), supporting their validity as endophenotypes. Our findings demonstrate a role for common genetic contributions to individual differences in impulsivity. Furthermore, our study is the first to provide a genetic dissection of the relationship between different types of impulsive personality traits and various psychiatric disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Impulsive personality traits (IPTs) are heritable traits that are governed by frontal-subcortical circuits and are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly substance use disorders. We have performed genome-wide association studies of IPTs to identify regions and genes that account for this heritable variation. IPTs and drug experimentation were modestly heritable (5-11%). We identified an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in CADM2 and both sensation seeking and drug experimentation; and between variants in CACNA1I and negative urgency. The role of these genes was supported by single variant, gene- and transcriptome-based analyses. This study provides evidence that impulsivity can be genetically separated into distinct components. We showed that IPT are genetically associated with substance use and ADHD, suggesting impulsivity is an endophenotype contributing to these psychiatric conditions.
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23
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Chamberlain SR, Grant JE. Relationship between quality of life in young adults and impulsivity/compulsivity ✰. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:253-258. [PMID: 30504061 PMCID: PMC6383753 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Impulsive and compulsive symptoms often become apparent during young adulthood, which is a critical time for brain development and establishment of life goals. The aim of this study was to identify important associations with quality of life in young adults, across a range of clinical, questionnaire, and cognitive measures, focusing on impulsivity and compulsivity. Significant relationships between exploratory variables and quality of life were identified using Partial Least Squares (PLS). In the 479 participants (mean age 22.3 [SD 3.6] years), quality of life was best explained by a one-factor model (p < 0.001). Variables significantly associated with lower quality of life were: older age, greater alcohol consumption, and the presence of impulse control disorders (including gambling, compulsive buying, intermittent explosive disorder, compulsive sexual behavior, binge-eating, and skin picking), mood/anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use disorder. Worse quality of life was also significantly explained by higher impulsiveness on the Barratt scale, and by relative impairments in extra-dimensional set-shifting and quality of decision-making. These findings suggest that impulse disorders merit more public health attention, especially problematic gambling. Performance on decision-making and set-shifting tasks also appears particularly important in understanding quality of life in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R Chamberlain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, and Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jon E Grant
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, UL, USA.
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24
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Fineberg NA, Demetrovics Z, Stein DJ, Ioannidis K, Potenza MN, Grünblatt E, Brand M, Billieux J, Carmi L, King DL, Grant JE, Yücel M, Dell'Osso B, Rumpf HJ, Hall N, Hollander E, Goudriaan A, Menchon J, Zohar J, Burkauskas J, Martinotti G, Van Ameringen M, Corazza O, Pallanti S, Chamberlain SR. Manifesto for a European research network into Problematic Usage of the Internet. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:1232-1246. [PMID: 30509450 PMCID: PMC6276981 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Internet is now all-pervasive across much of the globe. While it has positive uses (e.g. prompt access to information, rapid news dissemination), many individuals develop Problematic Use of the Internet (PUI), an umbrella term incorporating a range of repetitive impairing behaviours. The Internet can act as a conduit for, and may contribute to, functionally impairing behaviours including excessive and compulsive video gaming, compulsive sexual behaviour, buying, gambling, streaming or social networks use. There is growing public and National health authority concern about the health and societal costs of PUI across the lifespan. Gaming Disorder is being considered for inclusion as a mental disorder in diagnostic classification systems, and was listed in the ICD-11 version released for consideration by Member States (http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/revision/timeline/en/). More research is needed into disorder definitions, validation of clinical tools, prevalence, clinical parameters, brain-based biology, socio-health-economic impact, and empirically validated intervention and policy approaches. Potential cultural differences in the magnitudes and natures of types and patterns of PUI need to be better understood, to inform optimal health policy and service development. To this end, the EU under Horizon 2020 has launched a new four-year European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action Programme (CA 16207), bringing together scientists and clinicians from across the fields of impulsive, compulsive, and addictive disorders, to advance networked interdisciplinary research into PUI across Europe and beyond, ultimately seeking to inform regulatory policies and clinical practice. This paper describes nine critical and achievable research priorities identified by the Network, needed in order to advance understanding of PUI, with a view towards identifying vulnerable individuals for early intervention. The network shall enable collaborative research networks, shared multinational databases, multicentre studies and joint publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Fineberg
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Rosanne House, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire AL8 6HG, UK; Center for Clinical & Health Research Services, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK; School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Z Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - D J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health at the University of Cape Town and South African MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - K Ioannidis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - M N Potenza
- Connecticut Mental Health Center and Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
| | - E Grünblatt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), Department of Computer Science and Applied Cognitive Science Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany; Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | - J Billieux
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab, Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland; Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Carmi
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D L King
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J E Grant
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - M Yücel
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B Dell'Osso
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda and CRC "Aldo Ravelli" for neurotechnology and experimental brain therapeutics, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; CRC "Aldo Ravelli" for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - H J Rumpf
- University of Lübeck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Integrative Psychiatry, Lübeck, Germany
| | - N Hall
- Center for Clinical & Health Research Services, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - E Hollander
- Department of Psychiatry and Compulsive, Impulsive and Autism Spectrum Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - A Goudriaan
- Department of Psychiatry, Academisch Medisch Centrum (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Arkin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Menchon
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University, Hospital-IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Cibersam, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Zohar
- Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, and Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania
| | - G Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, Clinical Science, University G.d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Van Ameringen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - O Corazza
- Center for Clinical & Health Research Services, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - S Pallanti
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA; University of Florence, Italy
| | - S R Chamberlain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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25
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Associations Between the Dopamine D4 Receptor and DAT1 Dopamine Transporter Genes Polymorphisms and Personality Traits in Addicted Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102076. [PMID: 30248905 PMCID: PMC6211112 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many factors are involved in addiction. The dopaminergic system is thought to be the key element in this process. The mesolimbic dopamine system is a crucial element in the reward system. Changes in this system are thought to be leading to substance use disorders and dependence. Therefore, for our study we chose an analysis of two polymorphisms in genes (Variable Number of Tandem Repeats in DRD4 and DAT1) responsible for dopaminergic transmission, which might be implicated in the scores of personality traits measured by the NEO-FFI test. The study group consisted of 600 male volunteers—299 addicted subjects and 301 controls. Both groups were recruited by psychiatrists; in the case group addiction was diagnosed; in the controls a mental illness was excluded. In both groups the same psychometric test and genotyping by the PCR VNTR method were performed. The results were investigated by a multivariate analysis of the main effects ANOVA. In the presented study no DRD4 main effects were found for any of the analyzed traits but the DRD4 main effects approximated to the statistical significance for the extraversion scale. However, no DAT1 main effects were found for any of the analyzed traits but the DAT1 main effects approximated to the statistical significance for the agreeability scale.These associations open new possibilities for addiction research.
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