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Hao L, Tian Q, Liu S, Xu Z, Yang L. Alterations of ocular surface parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1220104. [PMID: 37799593 PMCID: PMC10548263 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1220104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate changes in ocular surface parameters among obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients. Methods 44 healthy volunteers (88 eyes) and 27 OSAS patients (54 eyes) were recruited in our cross-sectional study. 14 patients were classified as mild&moderate OSAS, and 13 patients were classified as severe OSAS. For evaluating the ocular surface, the following tests were conducted: the height of tear meniscus (TMH), first non-invasive tear break-up time (FNITBUT), mean non-invasive tear break-up time (MNITBUT), the score of Meibomian gland dropout area (Meiboscore), the tear test of anesthesia-free Schirmer I (SIT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), partial blinks rate (PBR), the lipid layer thickness (LLT), ocular surface disease index (OSDI). The results obtained from the study were analyzed and compared among the groups. Results FNITBUT, MNITBUT, and TMH were lower. OSDI, CFS, Meiboscore and PBR were higher in the OSAS group than those in the control group. The mild&moderate as well as the severe OSAS subgroups had statistically significantly lower TMH, and higher OSDI and PBR than the control group. Meanwhile, we found there were no significant differences between two OSAS subgroups. CFS was higher in the severe OSAS group than the mild&moderate OSAS group. Significantly lower FNITBUT, MNITBUT and higher Meiboscore were observed in the severe OSAS subgroup than in the control group, and MNITBUT was higher in severe OSAS objects than in the mild&moderate OSAS objects. LLT and SIT did not exhibit significant differences among control and OSAS subgroups. FNITBUT and MNITBUT showed significantly negative correlations with BMI, while Meiboscore showed a significant positive correlation with AHI. Conclusion Patients with OSAS have a tendence of dry eyes, whereas control subjects do not. This indicates us that the OSAS patients should pay more attention to ocular surface care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingfen Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jinan Second People’s Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaohua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Liu Z, Sun S, Sun X, Wu Y, Huang Y. Differences of Anxiety and Depression in Dry Eye Disease Patients According to Age Groups. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:930714. [PMID: 35911246 PMCID: PMC9326042 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.930714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between dry eye disease (DED) and DED-related anxiety and depression tendencies, as well as the risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with DED of different age groups. This was a cross-sectional study involving 160 patients with DED and 80 healthy individuals aged 20-65 years. All participants completed the investigation of the demographic characteristics, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire, and underwent objective clinical eye examinations. In patients aged 20-40 years, anxiety and depression scores were correlated with OSDI, sleep disorders, and Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA). In patients with DED aged 41-65 years, anxiety scores were correlated with sleep disorders, the level of DED impact on life and work, and the severity of DED. Depression scores were correlated with sleep disorders and the severity of DED. The results indicated that the tendency for anxiety and depression was closely associated with DED and sleep disorders. Moreover, the factors affecting anxiety and depression in patients varied with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanglin Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengshu Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaowen Sun
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Tianjin, China
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Silverstein SM, Lai A, Green KM, Crosta C, Fradkin SI, Ramchandran RS. Retinal Microvasculature in Schizophrenia. Eye Brain 2021; 13:205-217. [PMID: 34335068 PMCID: PMC8318708 DOI: 10.2147/eb.s317186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Schizophrenia is associated with alterations in neural structure and function of the retina that are similar to changes seen in the retina and brain in multiple neurodegenerative disorders. Preliminary evidence suggests that retinal microvasculature may also be compromised in schizophrenia. The goal of this study was to determine, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), whether 1) schizophrenia is associated with alterations in retinal microvasculature density; and 2) microvasculature reductions are associated with retinal neural layer thinning and performance on a measure of verbal IQ. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-eight outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 37 psychiatrically healthy control subjects completed OCT and OCTA exams, and the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading. RESULTS Schizophrenia patients were characterized by retinal microvasculature density reductions, and enlarged foveal avascular zones, in both eyes. These microvascular abnormalities were generally associated with thinning of retinal neural (macular and peripapillary nerve fiber layer) tissue (but the data were stronger for the left than the right eye) and lower scores on a proxy measure of verbal IQ. First- and later-episode patients did not differ significantly on OCTA findings. CONCLUSION The retinal microvasculature impairments seen in schizophrenia appear to be a biomarker of overall brain health, as is the case for multiple neurological conditions. Additional research is needed, however, to clarify contributions of social disadvantage and medical comorbidities to the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Silverstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Adriann Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kyle M Green
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Christen Crosta
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Rajeev S Ramchandran
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Jeon YJ, Song MY, Kim KY, Hwang KY, Kwon YA, Koh K. Relationship between the partial blink rate and ocular surface parameters. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 41:2601-2608. [PMID: 33768409 PMCID: PMC7993415 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-01819-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To elucidate the relationship between partial blink rate (PBR) and ocular surface parameters. Methods We conducted a retrospective cross‐sectional study of the patients who visited the Kim’s Eye Hospital between March 2020 and July 2020. Blinking dynamics, tear film lipid layer thickness (LLT), non-invasive tear film break- up time (NITBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), and meibomian gland (MG) dropout rate were assessed using the IDRA® Ocular surface analyzer (SBM SISTEMI, Inc., Torino, Italy) (IDRA). Dry eye symptoms were quantified by the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire scores. Results A total of 47 non-Sjögren dry eye patients (47 right eyes, mean age = 56.8 ± 14.5 [20–75] years, 66% female) were enrolled. Among the ocular surface parameters, PBR had strong correlations with MG dropout rate (r = 0.811; p < 0.01) and moderate correlations with SPEED scores (r = 0.596; p < 0.01). MG dropout rate and age had moderate correlations with SPEED scores (r = 0.416; p = 0.04 and r = 0.322; p = 0.03, respectively). Comparisons by sex revealed no significant difference in characteristics, except for the TMH value. The TMH of female patients (0.17 ± 0.07) was significantly higher than that of males (0.14 ± 0.04; p = 0.04). LLT showed no significant correlation with the other variables. Conclusion PBR and MG dropout rates measured with IDRA were significantly correlated to dry eye symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Joon Jeon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 136 Youngshinro, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07301, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Yeon Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 136 Youngshinro, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07301, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook Young Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 136 Youngshinro, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07301, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 136 Youngshinro, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07301, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-A Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 136 Youngshinro, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07301, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Koh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kim's Eye Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 136 Youngshinro, Youngdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 07301, Republic of Korea.
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