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Wagner D, Pearcey SM. Perceived stress and salivary biomarkers in educators: comparison among three stress reduction activities. Health Psychol Behav Med 2022; 10:617-631. [PMID: 35898594 PMCID: PMC9310819 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2022.2102016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The teaching profession is a potentially stressful occupation with up to 30% of all novice teachers leaving the profession and annual teacher turnover is higher when compared with turnover of all other occupations. This study investigated the effects of a one-time stress reduction activity (meditation, yoga, or aerobic exercise) in university and K-12 educators who were part of one-day seminar on Stress Reduction. Methods: Participants (N = 26) self-selected their stress reduction activity, completed a demographic questionnaire, educator stress self-assessment tool, and visual analogue scales indicating current stress levels. Salivary cortisol and amylase levels were measured before, immediately after, and 30 minutes after completion of the stress reduction activity. Results: Three (time) by three (activity) mixed factorial ANOVAs were computed for salivary analytes. The ANOVA for cortisol revealed a significant interaction (F (4, 66) = 3.60, p = .01). Comparisons showed significant differences with the aerobic exercise group having significantly higher cortisol levels at the 30-minute post-activity level when compared to the meditation (p < .05, Cohen’s d = .74) and yoga groups (p < .05, Cohen’s d = .52). Conclusion: Overall, the one-time activity of meditation and yoga showed lowered salivary cortisol levels at 30-minutes post-activity when compared to aerobic exercise activity. Additional research to examine the effects of stress reduction on educators in the work setting is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Wagner
- WellStar School of Nursing, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Sharon M. Pearcey
- Department of Psychological Science, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
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2
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Ketay S, Beck LA, Dajci J. Self-compassion and social stress: Links with subjective stress and cortisol responses. SELF AND IDENTITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2022.2117733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ketay
- Department of Psychology, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Lindsey A. Beck
- Marlboro Institute for Liberal Arts & Interdisciplinary Studies, Emerson College, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juli Dajci
- Department of Psychology, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, USA
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Torbati AG, Zandi A, Abbaspour S. Effectiveness of educational intervention-based compassion therapy on emotional regulation and self-control after discharge of patients With COVID-19. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:279. [PMID: 36325229 PMCID: PMC9621359 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_66_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the important causes of anxiety in COVID-19 disease is the inability to regulate emotion and lack of self-control during threatening conditions. The psychotherapy technique has been effective in reducing these symptoms. Therefore, this study attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy on emotion regulation and self-control in patients with COVID-19 after discharge. MATERIALS AND METHOD It was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group. The statistical population consisted of 30 men (15 in each group) who were in the quarantine period of COVID-19 disease. Available sampling was used and the participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, compassion-based treatment was performed in 10 sessions of 90 min. Tanji's self-control questionnaire and Garnofsky's Emotion Regulation questionnaires were used. Data analysis were performed using SPSS 21 software and multivariate analysis of covariance. RESULTS There was a significant difference between the mean scores of emotion regulation and self-control variables in the experimental and control groups (P < 0.001). The effect of this treatment on increasing the emotion regulation score was 49% and on increasing the self-control score was 37%. CONCLUSION Compassion-based therapy can increase cognitive regulation and improve self-control in patients with COVID-19 disease. It is suggested that this intervention can be used in psychological treatment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Godrati Torbati
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Anahita Zandi
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Seddigheh Abbaspour
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
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Ho CYY, Yu BCL, Mak WWS. Nonattachment mediates the associations between mindfulness, well-being, and psychological distress: A meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach. Clin Psychol Rev 2022; 95:102175. [PMID: 35690041 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Research on nonattachment, a Buddhist psychological construct closely related to mindfulness, has burgeoned since the development of the Nonattachment Scale. The aim of the current meta-analysis was to investigate the mediating role of nonattachment in the relationship between mindfulness and well-being and psychological distress using a meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach. The respective associations of nonattachment and mindfulness with well-being and psychological distress, after controlling for each other, were also examined. Forty-one independent cross-sectional data sets with 24,704 individuals were coded. Results showed that nonattachment partially mediated the associations between mindfulness and well-being and psychological distress. Nonattachment and mindfulness were both significantly positively associated with well-being and negatively associated with psychological distress after controlling for each other. Given the present findings were based on cross-sectional data, more studies with rigorous research design, such as longitudinal, experimental, and intervention studies, should be conducted to further investigate the mediating effect of nonattachment between mindfulness with well-being and distress outcomes and establish causal relations between them. Future research directions regarding nonattachment and its application in mindfulness-based interventions were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie Y Y Ho
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Ben C L Yu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Winnie W S Mak
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
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Whinery ED, Musleh A, Brown EA, Alford Z, Anigbogu JC, Ellingwood L, Espinoza MA, Hawkins G, Kammer K, Krause K, Olson LE. Physiological Responses to Narrative Anger Recall and Correlates to Anger, Forgiveness, and Rumination. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Narrative recall, or describing an event from one’s past, is a common method to study anger in the laboratory. However, most research using this method has not included a neutral speaking control, and therefore the physiological response attributable to emotion versus the act of speech is unknown. We evaluated heart rate, blood pressure, skin conductance level, heart rate variability, and salivary alpha-amylase during silent baseline, neutral speaking, anger recall, and recovery periods, and correlated these measures with trait anger, forgiveness, and rumination ( n = 104). Only systolic blood pressure and skin conductance levels were elevated in the anger recall period above the values in the neutral speaking period, showing the need for this important control. Alpha-amylase was inversely correlated to forgiveness, particularly in females. A neutral speaking control is critical for anger recall protocols because the physiological responses are mostly due to speaking, not anger. Salivary alpha-amylase may be a promising autonomic marker in studies of forgiveness and anger.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aya Musleh
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Emily A. Brown
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Zachary Alford
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Joe C. Anigbogu
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Greg Hawkins
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Kaisa Kammer
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Krause
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Lisa E. Olson
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
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Fan L, Wang Y. Healthy eating behaviors and self-control in scarcity: The protective effects of self-compassion. Appetite 2021; 169:105860. [PMID: 34920052 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining healthy eating habits requires self-control and this process can become unsuccessful in certain stressful situations (e.g., economic scarcity). This study tested whether self-compassion can buffer the negative impacts of economic scarcity on healthy eating behaviors and self-control. In the correlational Study 1 (n = 304) based on self-reports, a mediating effect of self-control between economic scarcity and healthy eating behaviors was found in females but not males, and that self-compassion moderated the direct relationship between economic scarcity and healthy eating behaviors in females. No significant moderated mediation effect was found. In Study 2, female participants (n = 113) completed economic scarcity (ES) (or abundance) and self-compassion (SC) (or writing-control (WC)) manipulations and a food-selection task. The ES + WC group chose more high-calorie food than the economic abundance (EA) + WC group and the ES + SC group, and the EA + SC group also selected more high-calorie food compared with the EA + WC group and the ES + SC group. In Study 3 (n = 136), similar manipulations and a dot-mixed task were used to measure self-control, and the ES + SC group showed higher accuracy than the ES + audio-control (AC) group at a trend level. These findings support the protective role of self-compassion in healthy eating behaviors and self-control impairments resulted from economic scarcity, which offer promise for promoting healthy lifestyles among individuals living in scarcity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Fan
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Yuyin Wang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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7
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Stress, self-compassion, and well-being during the transition to college. Soc Sci Med 2021; 269:113514. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Croft RL, Byrd CT. Self-Compassion and Quality of Life in Adults Who Stutter. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2020; 29:2097-2108. [PMID: 32966107 DOI: 10.1044/2020_ajslp-20-00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify levels of self-compassion in adults who do and do not stutter and to determine whether self-compassion predicts the impact of stuttering on quality of life in adults who stutter. Method Participants included 140 adults who do and do not stutter matched for age and gender. All participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale. Adults who stutter also completed the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Data were analyzed for self-compassion differences between and within adults who do and do not stutter and to predict self-compassion on quality of life in adults who stutter. Results Adults who do and do not stutter exhibited no significant differences in total self-compassion, regardless of participant gender. A simple linear regression of the total self-compassion score and total Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering score showed a significant, negative linear relationship of self-compassion predicting the impact of stuttering on quality of life. Conclusions Data suggest that higher levels of self-kindness, mindfulness, and social connectedness (i.e., self-compassion) are related to reduced negative reactions to stuttering, an increased participation in daily communication situations, and an improved overall quality of life. Future research should replicate current findings and identify moderators of the self-compassion-quality of life relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn L Croft
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Courtney T Byrd
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin
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Finlay‐jones AL. The relevance of self‐compassion as an intervention target in mood and anxiety disorders: A narrative review based on an emotion regulation framework. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cp.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Louise Finlay‐jones
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia,
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10
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Hickey T, Nelson B, Meadows G. Application of a mindfulness and compassion‐based approach to the at‐risk mental state. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cp.12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tara Hickey
- Southern Synergy, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
| | - Graham Meadows
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,
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11
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Reb J, Allen T, Vogus TJ. Mindfulness arrives at work: Deepening our understanding of mindfulness in organizations. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Yang Y, Fletcher K, Michalak EE, Murray G. An investigation of self-compassion and nonattachment to self in people with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 262:43-48. [PMID: 31707245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been longstanding theories and research evidence into the important role of the person's vulnerability at the level of self-concept in bipolar disorder (BD). The current study investigated two emerging self-related constructs, self-compassion and nonattachment to self in BD. Specifically, we examined the levels of the two constructs in people with BD compared with those from the general population, and the associations between the constructs and bipolar symptomologies within the BD group. METHODS The BD group consisted of 302 individuals with a diagnosis of BD participating in an international randomised controlled trial. A general population sample (n = 372) was recruited from an Australian university as a comparison group. All participants completed measures of self-compassion and nonattachment to self. The BD group completed additional measures of depression and symptoms of hypo/mania. RESULTS Participants with BD showed significantly lower self-compassion and nonattachment to self than those from the comparison group after controlling for demographic variables (e.g., gender, age, education, occupation). In the BD group, lower self-compassion and nonattachment to self were associated with greater severity of depression on both self- and clinician-rated scales. Nonattachment to self but not self-compassion was negatively associated with hypo/mania symptomology. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design cannot determine the direction of the relationships between study variables. Nonattachment to self is a novel psychological construct and further research is needed to replicate study findings. CONCLUSIONS The study findings suggest that self-compassion and nonattachment to self may be meaningful targets in psychological interventions for people with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn Victoria, 3122 Hawthorn, Australia.
| | - Kathryn Fletcher
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn Victoria, 3122 Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Erin E Michalak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Greg Murray
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn Victoria, 3122 Hawthorn, Australia
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Elphinstone B, Whitehead R, Bates G. ‘Letting go’ and flourishing in study: An investigation of the indirect relationship between nonattachment and grades via psychological wellbeing. LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2020.101847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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The effect of a brief online self-compassion versus cognitive restructuring intervention on trait social anxiety. Behav Res Ther 2019; 123:103492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.103492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Sun S, Pickover AM, Goldberg SB, Bhimji J, Nguyen JK, Evans AE, Patterson B, Kaslow NJ. For Whom Does Cognitively Based Compassion Training (CBCT) Work? An Analysis of Predictors and Moderators among African American Suicide Attempters. Mindfulness (N Y) 2019; 10:2327-2340. [PMID: 33312266 PMCID: PMC7728378 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-019-01207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Both Cognitively-Based Compassion Training (CBCT) and support-based group intervention have been found to be effective for African American suicide attempters in reducing suicidal ideation and depression, as well as enhancing self-compassion. This study aims to further our understanding of effective interventions by exploring participants' responses to both interventions. METHODS Exploratory analyses were conducted in a sample of low-income African Americans who had attempted suicide (n=82) to determine how baseline demographic and psychological characteristics would (1) predict outcomes (i.e., suicidal ideation, depression, and self-compassion) regardless of intervention conditions, and (2) moderate outcomes in interaction with intervention condition. RESULTS Non-reactivity, a mindfulness facet, was identified as an intervention moderator for suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms, suggesting that CBCT outperformed the support group for African American suicide attempters who had low baseline non-reactivity (or high reactivity). Individuals who had high non-reactivity at baseline appeared to benefit more from both conditions in self-compassion as an outcome. There was a pattern that homeless individuals benefited less in terms of their levels of depressive symptoms and self-compassion as outcomes regardless of the assigned condition. When applying Bonferroni corrections, only non-reactivity as an intervention moderator for depressive symptoms was significant. CONCLUSIONS Findings reveal the relevance of mindfulness and to a lesser extent socioeconomic status in informing compassion-based intervention outcomes with this underserved population and the importance of intervention matching and tailoring to maximize treatment effects. Future large trials are needed to replicate findings and directions indicated from the current pilot study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Sun
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University Alpert Medical School
| | | | - Simon B Goldberg
- Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Jabeene Bhimji
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Julie K Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Anna E Evans
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington
| | | | - Nadine J Kaslow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine
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Williamson J. Effects of a Self-Compassion Break Induction on Self-Reported Stress, Self-Compassion, and Depressed Mood. Psychol Rep 2019; 123:1537-1556. [PMID: 31564217 DOI: 10.1177/0033294119877817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of the study was to determine whether practicing a self-compassion induction would reduce self-reported stress, depressed mood, and increase self-compassion in a randomized controlled study measuring variables of interest at two time points spanning three weeks. METHOD Participants were 129 students (91 females and 38 males, Mage = 19.47, SD = 3.20) divided into three groups: Self-compassion Break, Time Management Control Group, and a No-Induction Control Group. Participants were part of the general student body and were not diagnosed or screened for clinical depression. Self-compassion, stress, and depressed mood were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Participants practiced their respective inductions over three weeks after being guided through their respective inductions at Time 1. RESULTS There were no significant differences between groups in outcome variables. Results of this study may indicate the importance of weekly group check-in meetings to facilitate positive change as findings in this study did not mirror those of similar studies using frequent meetings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Williamson
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, CA, USA
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Whitehead R, Bates G, Elphinstone B, Yang Y, Murray G. Letting Go of Self: The Creation of the Nonattachment to Self Scale. Front Psychol 2019; 9:2544. [PMID: 30618965 PMCID: PMC6300706 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Buddhist notion of nonattachment relates to an engagement with experience with flexibility and without fixation on achieving specified outcomes. The present study sought to define, create and validate a new measure of nonattachment as it applies to notions of the self. A new construct of “nonattachment to self” (NTS) was developed, defined the absence of fixation on self-related concepts, thoughts and feelings, and a capacity to flexibly interact with these concepts, thoughts and feelings without trying to control them. Two studies were conducted in the development of the new scale. With expert consultation, study 1 (n = 445) established a single factor, internally consistent 7-item scale via exploratory factor analysis. Study 2 (n = 388, n = 338) confirmed the factor structure of the new 7-item scale using confirmatory factor analyses. Study 2 also found the new scale to be internally consistent, with evidence supporting its test-retest reliability, criterion, and construct validity. Nonattachment to self-emerged as a unique way of relating to the self, distinct from general nonattachment, that aligned with higher levels of well-being and adaptive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Whitehead
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Glen Bates
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brad Elphinstone
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Greg Murray
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Marchant NL, Barnhofer T, Klimecki OM, Poisnel G, Lutz A, Arenaza-Urquijo E, Collette F, Wirth M, Schild AK, Coll-Padrós N, Reyrolle L, Horney D, Krolak-Salmon P, Molinuevo JL, Walker Z, Maillard A, Frison E, Jessen F, Chételat G. The SCD-Well randomized controlled trial: Effects of a mindfulness-based intervention versus health education on mental health in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2018; 4:737-745. [PMID: 30581979 PMCID: PMC6296291 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Subjectively experienced cognitive decline in older adults is an indicator of increased risk for dementia and is also associated with increased levels of anxiety symptoms. As anxiety is itself emerging as a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia, the primary question of the present study is whether an 8-week mindfulness-based intervention can significantly reduce anxiety symptoms in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). The secondary questions pertain to whether such changes extend to other domains of psychological, social, and biological functioning (including cognition, self-regulation, lifestyle, well-being and quality of life, sleep, and selected blood-based biomarkers) associated with mental health, older age, and risk for dementia. Methods SCD-Well is a multicenter, observer-blinded, randomized, controlled, superiority trial, which is part of the Horizon 2020 European Union-funded “Medit-Ageing” project. SCD-Well compares an 8-week mindfulness- and compassion-based intervention specifically adapted for older adults with SCD with a validated 8-week health education program. Participants were recruited from memory clinics in four European sites (Cologne, Germany; London, United Kingdom; Barcelona, Spain; and Lyon, France) and randomized with a 1:1 allocation, stratified by site. Results The primary outcome, change in anxiety symptoms, and secondary outcomes reflecting psychological, cognitive, social, and biological functioning are assessed at baseline, postintervention, and 4 months after the end of the intervention. Discussion The study will provide evidence on whether a mindfulness-based intervention can effect changes in anxiety and other risk factors for cognitive decline and dementia in older adults with SCD and will inform the establishment of intervention strategies targeted at improving mental health in older adults. Mindfulness may benefit older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). SCD-Well compares an 8-week mindfulness intervention to a health education course. Patients with SCD were recruited from memory clinics in four countries. Outcomes include anxiety symptoms, psychosocial, cognitive, and biological function. Results will inform future prevention studies and strategies in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie L. Marchant
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 (0)20 3108 7961, Fax: +020 7679 9426.
| | | | - Olga M. Klimecki
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, Department of Medicine and Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Géraldine Poisnel
- Inserm, Inserm UMR-S U1237, Université de Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Antoine Lutz
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Miranka Wirth
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humbold-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humbold-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Centre for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ann-Katrin Schild
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Coll-Padrós
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leslie Reyrolle
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Institut du Vielllissement, CRC Vielllissement-Cerveau-Fragilité, Lyon, France
| | - Deborah Horney
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- Lyon Institute for Elderly, Clinical and Research Memory Centre of Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Inserm 1048, CNRS 5292, Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zuzana Walker
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Aline Maillard
- EUCLID/F-CRIN Clinical Trials Platform, University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Center, Bordeaux, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Service d'information médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Eric Frison
- EUCLID/F-CRIN Clinical Trials Platform, University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Center, Bordeaux, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Service d'information médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Gael Chételat
- Inserm, Inserm UMR-S U1237, Université de Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
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19
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Ko CM, Grace F, Chavez GN, Grimley SJ, Dalrymple ER, Olson LE. Effect of Seminar on Compassion on student self-compassion, mindfulness and well-being: A randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2018; 66:537-545. [PMID: 29405863 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1431913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to have psychological benefits in college students. We explored the effects of an academic Seminar on Compassion on student psychological health. PARTICIPANTS Forty-one participants (14 male, 27 female, mean age 19.8 ± 1.4 years) were assessed pre- and post- spring semesters 2013 and 2014. METHODS Students were randomized to the Seminar on Compassion or a wait-list control group. Participants completed self-report measures on anxiety, depression, perceived stress, self-compassion, compassion and mindfulness. Salivary alpha-amylase was also assessed. RESULTS At baseline, self-compassion and mindfulness were negatively correlated with depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. There were significant changes between the intervention and control group from Time 1 to Time 2 in mindfulness, self-compassion, compassion, and salivary alpha-amylase; however, there were no significant changes in depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. CONCLUSIONS The course was effective in increasing mindfulness, self-compassion and compassion, and decreasing a salivary marker of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine M Ko
- a Department of Psychology , University of Redlands , Redlands , California , USA
| | - Fran Grace
- b Department of Religious Studies , University of Redlands , Redlands , California , USA
| | - Gilbert N Chavez
- c Department of Biology , University of Redlands , Redlands , California , USA
| | - Sarah J Grimley
- a Department of Psychology , University of Redlands , Redlands , California , USA
- c Department of Biology , University of Redlands , Redlands , California , USA
| | - Emily R Dalrymple
- c Department of Biology , University of Redlands , Redlands , California , USA
| | - Lisa E Olson
- c Department of Biology , University of Redlands , Redlands , California , USA
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20
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Gomez P, Nielsen C, Studer RK, Hildebrandt H, Klumb PL, Nater UM, Wild P, Danuser B. Prolonged performance-related neuroendocrine activation and perseverative cognition in low- and high-anxious university music students. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 95:18-27. [PMID: 29787957 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Music performances are social-evaluative situations that can elicit marked short-term neuroendocrine activation and anxious thoughts especially in musicians suffering from music performance anxiety (MPA). The temporal patterns of neuroendocrine activity and concert-related worry and rumination (perseverative cognition, PC) days before and after a concert in low- and high-anxious musicians are unknown. The first goal of the present study was to investigate the prolonged effects of a solo music performance and the effects of trait MPA on salivary cortisol (sC), alpha-amylase (sAA), and concert-related PC. The second goal was to investigate whether concert-related PC is associated with neuroendocrine activity and mediates the effects of measurement day and trait MPA on neuroendocrine responses. Seventy-two university music students collected saliva samples and reported their PC for seven consecutive days. On the fifth day, they performed solo. Measurement day and trait MPA were tested as main predictors of the diurnal area under the curve with respect to ground (sC AUCg, sAA AUCg), awakening responses, and PC. SC AUCg, sAA AUCg, and concert-related PC were highest on concert day. SC AUCg decreased only partially on post-concert days. SAA AUCg remained elevated on the first post-concert day among students with moderate to very high trait MPA. Throughout the assessment period, trait MPA was associated with smaller sC AUCg and higher concert-related PC. Concert-related PC showed significant positive associations with sC AUCg and sAA AUCg but did not mediate the effects of measurement day and trait MPA on these measures. These findings suggest that solo music performances have prolonged neuroendocrine effects and that trait MPA is an important factor having specific effects on university music students' hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system, and cognitive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Gomez
- Institut universitaire romand de Santé au Travail (Institute for Work and Health), University of Lausanne and University of Geneva, Rte de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland.
| | - Carole Nielsen
- Institut universitaire romand de Santé au Travail (Institute for Work and Health), University of Lausanne and University of Geneva, Rte de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland
| | - Regina K Studer
- Institut universitaire romand de Santé au Travail (Institute for Work and Health), University of Lausanne and University of Geneva, Rte de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland.
| | - Horst Hildebrandt
- Swiss University Centre for Music Physiology, Zurich University of the Arts, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Petra L Klumb
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Urs M Nater
- Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Pascal Wild
- Institut universitaire romand de Santé au Travail (Institute for Work and Health), University of Lausanne and University of Geneva, Rte de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland; Scientific Management, Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (INRS), Nancy, France.
| | - Brigitta Danuser
- Institut universitaire romand de Santé au Travail (Institute for Work and Health), University of Lausanne and University of Geneva, Rte de la Corniche 2, Epalinges, Lausanne 1066, Switzerland.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bluth
- Department of Psychiatry, Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristin D. Neff
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
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22
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Arch JJ, Landy LN, Schneider RL, Koban L, Andrews-Hanna JR. Self-compassion induction enhances recovery from social stressors: Comparing adults with social anxiety disorder and healthy controls. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2018; 31:594-609. [DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2018.1504033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna J. Arch
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Lauren N. Landy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Schneider
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Leonie Koban
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
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