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Ishikawa I, Kimoto A, Kiyohara S. Development of UV-Irradiated PADC and Improvement of Etching for Reducing Experimental Time. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5413. [PMID: 37570117 PMCID: PMC10419561 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
PADC is well known as a highly sensitive solid-state nuclear track detector. A proposal is for a radiation education method that utilizes these characteristics. A significant issue in the proposed educational method using PADC is the time-consuming etching process. This study attempted to reduce etching time by using a homemade PADC. The experimental results have revealed that the homemade PADC achieves faster etch pit enlargement compared to BARYOTRAK (commercial PADC). An attempt was made to enlarge etch pit diameters rapidly by irradiating UV at a wavelength of 253.7 nm and etching with NaOHaq/ethanol solution. The results revealed that UV irradiation at a wavelength of 253.7 nm, after etching, resulted in etch pit diameters several times larger than those obtained in conventional methods within the same etching time. Therefore, UV irradiation and short-time etching with NaOHaq/ethanol solution proved to be effective. This study also investigated the effects of fading on the PADC during its storage period after UV irradiation. The experimental results confirmed that the etch pit diameters shrank by approximately 30% after 2 months of storage. However, considering the enlargement effect of the etch pit diameters due to UV irradiation, it can be concluded that UV irradiation is practical for radiation education experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Ishikawa
- National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Maizuru College, Kyoto 625-8511, Japan; (A.K.); (S.K.)
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Kayakökü H, Karatepe Ş, Doğru M. Measurements of radioactivity and dose assessments in some building materials in Bitlis, Turkey. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 115:172-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Rojas-Herrera J, Rinderknecht HG, Zylstra AB, Gatu Johnson M, Orozco D, Rosenberg MJ, Sio H, Seguin FH, Frenje JA, Li CK, Petrasso RD. Impact of x-ray dose on the response of CR-39 to 1-5.5 MeV alphas. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:033501. [PMID: 25832223 DOI: 10.1063/1.4913906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The CR-39 nuclear track detector is used in many nuclear diagnostics fielded at inertial confinement fusion (ICF) facilities. Large x-ray fluences generated by ICF experiments may impact the CR-39 response to incident charged particles. To determine the impact of x-ray exposure on the CR-39 response to alpha particles, a thick-target bremsstrahlung x-ray generator was used to expose CR-39 to various doses of 8 keV Cu-Kα and Kβ x-rays. The CR-39 detectors were then exposed to 1-5.5 MeV alphas from an Am-241 source. The regions of the CR-39 exposed to x-rays showed a smaller track diameter than those not exposed to x-rays: for example, a dose of 3.0 ± 0.1 Gy causes a decrease of (19 ± 2)% in the track diameter of a 5.5 MeV alpha particle, while a dose of 60.0 ± 1.3 Gy results in a decrease of (45 ± 5)% in the track diameter. The reduced track diameters were found to be predominantly caused by a comparable reduction in the bulk etch rate of the CR-39 with x-ray dose. A residual effect depending on alpha particle energy is characterized using an empirical formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rojas-Herrera
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H G Rinderknecht
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A B Zylstra
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Gatu Johnson
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Orozco
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M J Rosenberg
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Sio
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F H Seguin
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J A Frenje
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C K Li
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R D Petrasso
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Ashry A, Abdalla A, Rammah Y, Eisa M, Ashraf O. The use of CH3OH additive to NaOH for etching alpha particle tracks in a CR-39 plastic nuclear track detector. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Influence of external and internal conditions of detector sample treatment on the particle registration sensitivity of Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors of type CR-39. RADIAT MEAS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sinenian N, Rosenberg MJ, Manuel M, McDuffee SC, Casey DT, Zylstra AB, Rinderknecht HG, Gatu Johnson M, Séguin FH, Frenje JA, Li CK, Petrasso RD. The response of CR-39 nuclear track detector to 1-9 MeV protons. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:103303. [PMID: 22047287 DOI: 10.1063/1.3653549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The response of CR-39 nuclear track detector (TasTrak(®)) to protons in the energy range of 0.92-9.28 MeV has been studied. Previous studies of the CR-39 response to protons have been extended by examining the piece-to-piece variability in addition to the effects of etch time and etchant temperature; it is shown that the shape of the CR-39 response curve to protons can vary from piece-to-piece. Effects due to the age of CR-39 have also been studied using 5.5 MeV alpha particles over a 5-year period. Track diameters were found to degrade with the age of the CR-39 itself rather than the age of the tracks, consistent with previous studies utilizing different CR-39 over shorter time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sinenian
- Plasma Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-0001, USA.
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Zylstra AB, Rinderknecht HG, Sinenian N, Rosenberg MJ, Manuel M, Séguin FH, Casey DT, Frenje JA, Li CK, Petrasso RD. Increasing the energy dynamic range of solid-state nuclear track detectors using multiple surfaces. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:083301. [PMID: 21895237 DOI: 10.1063/1.3617475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear track detectors, such as CR-39, are widely used in physics and in many inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. In the ICF experiments, the particles of interest, such as D(3)He-protons, have ranges of order of the detector thickness. In this case, the dynamic range of the detector can be extended by recording data on both the front and back sides of the detector. Higher energy particles which are undetectable on the front surface can then be measured on the back of the detector. Studies of track formation under the conditions on the front and back of the detector reveal significant differences. Distinct front and back energy calibrations of CR-39 are therefore necessary and are presented for protons. Utilizing multiple surfaces with additional calibrations can extend the range of detectable energies on a single piece of CR-39 by up to 7-8 MeV. The track formation process is explored with a Monte Carlo code, which shows that the track formation difference between front and back is due to the non-uniform ion energy deposition in matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Zylstra
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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Casey DT, Frenje JA, Séguin FH, Li CK, Rosenberg MJ, Rinderknecht H, Manuel MJE, Gatu Johnson M, Schaeffer JC, Frankel R, Sinenian N, Childs RA, Petrasso RD, Glebov VY, Sangster TC, Burke M, Roberts S. The coincidence counting technique for orders of magnitude background reduction in data obtained with the magnetic recoil spectrometer at OMEGA and the NIF. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:073502. [PMID: 21806180 DOI: 10.1063/1.3605483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A magnetic recoil spectrometer (MRS) has been built and successfully used at OMEGA for measurements of down-scattered neutrons (DS-n), from which an areal density in both warm-capsule and cryogenic-DT implosions have been inferred. Another MRS is currently being commissioned on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) for diagnosing low-yield tritium-hydrogen-deuterium implosions and high-yield DT implosions. As CR-39 detectors are used in the MRS, the principal sources of background are neutron-induced tracks and intrinsic tracks (defects in the CR-39). The coincidence counting technique was developed to reduce these types of background tracks to the required level for the DS-n measurements at OMEGA and the NIF. Using this technique, it has been demonstrated that the number of background tracks is reduced by a couple of orders of magnitude, which exceeds the requirement for the DS-n measurements at both facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Casey
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Rahman S, Anwar J, Matiullah. Measurement of indoor radon concentration levels in Islamabad, Pakistan. RADIAT MEAS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2008.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hermsdorf D, Hunger M, Starke S, Weickert F. Measurement of bulk etch rates for poly-allyl-diglycol carbonate (PADC) and cellulose nitrate in a broad range of concentration and temperature of NaOH etching solution. RADIAT MEAS 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2006.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Shafi-ur-Rehman, Imtiaz N, Faheem M, Shakeel-ur-Rehman, Matiullah. Determination of 238U contents in ore samples using CR-39-based radon dosimeter—disequilibrium case. RADIAT MEAS 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2005.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Recently, several new etchants have been reported for CR-39 detector (Molten Ba(OH)2. 8H2O as an etchant for CR-39 detector, Radiat. Meas. 37 (2003) 205; Discovery of new etchants for CR-39 detector, Radiat. Meas. (2004)). We have made further progress in this direction and have unveiled two more new etchants which are reported in this article. CR-39 detectors were irradiated with fission fragments and alpha particles from a thin 252Cf disc source. The irradiated detectors were then etched in our newly introduced etching solutions as well as in conventionally used 6 M NaOH aqueous solution at 70 degrees C. The newly prepared etching solutions included NaOH dissolved in methanol and NaOH dissolved in methanol + water. Optimum values of NaOH concentration in methanol as well as in methanol + water were determined. Optimum etching temperatures were also determined for both the above-mentioned etchants. From fission and alpha track diameters, bulk etching rate (VB), track etching rate (VT) and etching efficiency (eta) were determined and compared with that obtained for 6 M NaOH at 70 degrees C. Both the newly introduced etchants were found more efficient than the conventionally used 6 M aqueous NaOH (64%) at 70 degrees C and have relatively much smaller etching time.
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