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Retegan M, Jafri SF, Curti L, Lisnard L, Otero E, Rivière E, Haverkort MW, Bleuzen A, Sainctavit P, Arrio MA. Orbital Magnetic Moment and Single-Ion Magnetic Anisotropy of the S = 1/2 K 3[Fe(CN) 6] Compound: A Case Where the Orbital Magnetic Moment Dominates the Spin Magnetic Moment. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:18864-18877. [PMID: 37942765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), K3[FeIII(CN)6], is known for its exceptional magnetic anisotropy among the 3d transition metal series. The Fe(III) ions are in the S = 1/2 low spin state imposed by the strong crystal field of the cyanido ligands. A large orbital magnetic moment is expected from previous publications. In the present work, X-ray magnetic circular dichroism was recorded for a powder sample, allowing direct measurement of the Fe(III) orbital magnetic moment. A combination of molecular multiconfigurational ab initio and atomic ligand field multiplets calculations provides the spin and orbital magnetic moments for the [FeIII(CN)6]3- isolated cluster, the crystallographic unit cell, and the powder sample. The calculations of the angular dependencies of the spin and orbital magnetic moments with the external magnetic induction direction reveal easy magnetization axes for each S = 1/2 molecular entity and the crystal. It also shows that the orbital magnetic moment dominates the spin magnetic moment for all directions. Our measurements confirm that the orbital magnetic moment contributes to 60% of the total magnetization for the powder, which is in excellent agreement with our theoretical predictions. An orbital magnetic moment greater than the spin magnetic moment is exceptional for 3d transition metal ions. The impact of crystal field strength and distortion, π back-bonding, spin-orbit coupling, and external magnetic induction was analyzed, leading to a deeper understanding of the spin and orbital magnetic anisotropies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Retegan
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Sadaf Fatima Jafri
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR7590, CNRS/SU/IRD/MNHN, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Department of Physics, University of Karachi, 75270 Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Leonardo Curti
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, FR2769, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Laurent Lisnard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, FR2769, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Edwige Otero
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, F-91192 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Eric Rivière
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ICMMO, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Maurits W Haverkort
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, Philosophenweg 19, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Bleuzen
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, ICMMO, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Sainctavit
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR7590, CNRS/SU/IRD/MNHN, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, F-91192 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Marie-Anne Arrio
- CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR7590, CNRS/SU/IRD/MNHN, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Mei B, Sun F, Wei Y, Zhang H, Chen X, Huang W, Ma J, Song F, Jiang Z. In situ catalytic cells for x-ray absorption spectroscopy measurement. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:2890236. [PMID: 37171238 DOI: 10.1063/5.0146267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In catalysis, determining the relationship between the dynamic electronic and atomic structure of the catalysts and the catalytic performance under actual reaction conditions is essential to gain a deeper understanding of the reaction mechanism since the structure evolution induced by the absorption of reactants and intermediates affects the reaction activity. Hard x-ray spectroscopy methods are considered powerful and indispensable tools for the accurate identification of local structural changes, for which the development of suitable in situ reaction cells is required. However, the rational design and development of spectroscopic cells is challenging because a balance between real rigorous reaction conditions and a good signal-to-noise ratio must be reached. Here, we summarize the in situ cells currently used in the monitoring of thermocatalysis, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis processes, focusing especially on the cells utilized in the BL14W1-x-ray absorption fine structure beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, and highlight recent endeavors on the acquisition of improved spectra under real reaction conditions. This review provides a full overview of the design of in situ cells, aiming to guide the further development of portable and promising cells. Finally, perspectives and crucial factors regarding in situ cells under industrial operating conditions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbao Mei
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanfei Sun
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Wei
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Beijing SciStar Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100070, China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- Beijing SciStar Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100070, China
| | - Jingyuan Ma
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Song
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Källman E, Guo M, Delcey MG, Meyer DA, Gaffney KJ, Lindh R, Lundberg M. Simulations of valence excited states in coordination complexes reached through hard X-ray scattering. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:8325-8335. [PMID: 32236271 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01003k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hard X-ray spectroscopy selectively probes metal sites in complex environments. Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) makes it is possible to directly study metal-ligand interactions through local valence excitations. Here multiconfigurational wavefunction simulations are used to model valence K pre-edge RIXS for three metal-hexacyanide complexes by coupling the electric dipole-forbidden excitations with dipole-allowed valence-to-core emission. Comparisons between experimental and simulated spectra makes it possible to evaluate the simulation accuracy and establish a best-modeling practice. The calculations give correct descriptions of all LMCT excitations in the spectra, although energies and intensities are sensitive to the description of dynamical electron correlation. The consistent treatment of all complexes shows that simulations can rationalize spectral features. The dispersion in the manganese(iii) spectrum comes from unresolved multiple resonances rather than fluorescence, and the splitting is mainly caused by differences in spatial orientation between holes and electrons. The simulations predict spectral features that cannot be resolved in current experimental data sets and the potential for observing d-d excitations is also explored. The latter can be of relevance for non-centrosymmetric systems with more intense K pre-edges. These ab initio simulations can be used to both design and interpret high-resolution X-ray scattering experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Källman
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Meiyuan Guo
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mickaël G Delcey
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Drew A Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kelly J Gaffney
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Organic Chemistry, Uppsala University, S-75105 Uppsala, Sweden and Uppsala Center for Computational Chemistry (UC3), Uppsala University, P.O. Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
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