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Tan L, Qi Y, Zhao P, Cheng L, Yu G, Zhao D, Song YX, Xiang YG. Clinical application value of pre-pregnancy carrier screening in Chinese Han childbearing population. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2425. [PMID: 38562051 PMCID: PMC10985407 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the clinical application value of pre-conception expanded carrier screening (PECS) in the Chinese Han ethnicity population of childbearing age. METHODS The results of genetic testing of infertile parents who underwent PECS in the Reproductive Medicine Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China, from September 2019 to December 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. The carrier rate of single gene disease, the detection rate of high-risk parents, and the clinical outcome of high-risk parents were statistically analyzed. RESULTS A total of 1372 Chinese Han ethnicity patients underwent PECS, among which 458 patients underwent the extended 108-gene test, their overall carrier rate was 31.7%, and the detection rate of high-risk parents was 0.3%. The highest carrier rates were SLC22A (2.4%), ATP7B (2.4%), MMACHC (2.2%), PAH (1.8%), GALC (1.8%), MLC1 (1.3%), UNC13D (1.1%), CAPN3 (1.1%), and PKHD1 (1.1%). There were 488 women with fragile X syndrome-FMR1 gene detection, and 6 patients (1.2%) had FMR1 gene mutation. A total of 426 patients were screened for spinal muscular atrophy-SMN1, and the carrier rate was 3.5%, and the detection rate of parents' co-carrier was 0.5%. CONCLUSION Monogenic recessive hereditary diseases had a high carrier rate in the population. Pre-pregnancy screening could provide good prenatal and postnatal care guidance for patients and preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic/single gene disorders (PGT-M) and prenatal diagnosis could provide more precise reproductive choices for high-risk parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- Department of Reproductive Medical CenterThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yuefan Qi
- Department of Medical ImagingThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Peijuan Zhao
- Department of Reproductive GeneticsPingdingshan Maternal and Child Health HospitalPingdingshanChina
| | - LanLan Cheng
- Department of Reproductive Medical CenterThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Guo Yu
- Department of Reproductive Medical CenterThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medical CenterThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yu Xia Song
- Department of Reproductive Medical CenterThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yun Gai Xiang
- Department of Reproductive Medical CenterThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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Long C, Benny P, Yap J, Lee J, Huang Z. A Systematic Review of Genetics and Reproductive Health Outcomes: Asian Perspective. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:309-319. [PMID: 37524971 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01311-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
In the last four decades, advances in assisted reproductive technology (ART) have offered hope to individuals with fertility problems to conceive. However, a closer examination of the clinical outcomes of ART shows a stark contrast in Asian women compared to Caucasians, with majority of studies reporting lower reproductive success among Asian women. We performed a systematic review to elucidate the genes associated with ART clinical outcomes, with a focus on Asian ethnicities. We completed a database search to identify all studies associated with reproductive outcomes in women of different ethnic backgrounds. Following PRISMA, 128 studies were analyzed. Pathway analysis of gene sets was done using Cytoscapev3.4.0. We observed that age at menarche (AAM) was correlated with the timing of the first pregnancy, with Hawaiians having the lowest age (22.2 years) and Japanese the highest age (25.0 years). LIN28 mutations were associated with AAM and prevalent in both Chinese and American populations. FMR1 was most associated with ovarian reserve. Network analysis highlighted a close association between FMR1, FSHR, ESR1, BMP15, and INHA, through biological functions affecting menstrual cycle and hypothalamic-pituitary axis and therefore ovarian follicle development. Leveraging these findings, we propose the development of a personalized, ethnic-specific biomarker panel which would enhance patient stratification to address every woman's unique reproductive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Long
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Level 12 NUHS Tower Block, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Paula Benny
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Level 12 NUHS Tower Block, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- NUS Bia-Echo Asia Centre of Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeannie Yap
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Level 12 NUHS Tower Block, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Jovin Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Level 12 NUHS Tower Block, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- NUS Bia-Echo Asia Centre of Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhongwei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Level 12 NUHS Tower Block, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- NUS Bia-Echo Asia Centre of Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Ren S, Zhang F, Shang L, Yang X, Pan Y, Zhang X, Wu Y. Rare variants in GPR3 in POI patients: a case series with review of literature. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:210. [PMID: 37919810 PMCID: PMC10623876 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a highly heterogeneous disease, and up to 25% of the cases can be explained by genetic causes. G protein-coupled receptor 3 (GPR3) plays an important role in oocyte arrest, and Gpr3-deficient mice exhibited POI-like phenotypes. CASE PRESENTATION We identified two heterozygous missense variants of GPR3: NM_005281: c.C973T (p.R325C) and c.G772A (p.A258T) in two sporadic Han Chinese POI cases through whole exome sequencing and genetic analysis. The two patients were diagnosed as POI in their late 20s, presenting elevated serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and secondary amenorrhea. Both variants are very rare in the population databases of ExAC, gnomAD and PGG.Han. The affected amino acids are conserved across species and the mutated amino acids are predicted deleterious with bioinformatics prediction tools and the protein three-dimensional structure analysis. CONCLUSIONS It is the first report of rare GPR3 variants associated with POI women, providing an important piece of evidence for GPR3 as a candidate gene which should be screened in POI. This finding suggested the necessity of including GPR3 in etiology study and genetic counseling of POI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Ren
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), State Key Laboratory of Genetic, Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), State Key Laboratory of Genetic, Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Lingyue Shang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), State Key Laboratory of Genetic, Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), State Key Laboratory of Genetic, Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuncheng Pan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), State Key Laboratory of Genetic, Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), State Key Laboratory of Genetic, Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), State Key Laboratory of Genetic, Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Zhang QY, Li X, Zhou XY, Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang XF, Liu YD, Chen YX, Wu XM, Ma LZ, Chen X, Chen SL. Study of differential proteomics in granulosa cells of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and the roles and mechanism of RAC1 in granulosa cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 555:111719. [PMID: 35850487 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we focused on characterizing the proteome in granulosa cells in patients with biochemical premature ovarian insufficiency (bPOI) in order to identify differential proteins and investigate the fundamental mechanisms of POI. A total of 2688 proteins were identified based on the data-independent acquisition method, and 70 differentially expressed proteins were significant. Bioinformatic analyses, including gene expression pattern analysis, gene ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins analysis, revealed discrete modules and the underlying molecular mechanisms in bPOI. Importantly, we observed that Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) was downregulated in the granulosa cells of bPOI. Low expression of RAC1 may affect the development process of POI by affecting the proliferation, apoptosis, and hormone synthesis of granulosa cells. Downregulation of RAC1 expression in the KGN and COV434 cells inhibited cell proliferation, blocked cells in the G1/G0 phase, and promoted apoptosis. Western blot results showed that β-catenin and cyclin D1 in the KGN and COV434 cells transfected with RAC1-siRNA were downregulated, while P21 and Bax were upregulated. Knocking down RAC1 in the KGN cells or adding the RAC1 enzyme inhibitor to the human luteinized granulosa cells (hLGC) inhibited the synthesis of E2, and the expression of aromatase and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) was reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yan Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xing-Yu Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ying Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yu-Dong Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ying-Xue Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lin-Zi Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shi-Ling Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Wang X, Chen ZJ. A decade of discovery: the stunning progress of premature ovarian insufficiency research in China. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:27-39. [PMID: 35639630 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one of key aspects of ovarian infertility. Due to early cession of ovarian function, POI imposes great challenges on the physiological and psychological health of women, and becomes a common cause of female infertility. In the worldwide, there has been a special outpouring of concern for about four million reproductive-aged women suffering from POI in China. Driven by advances in new technologies and efforts invested by Chinses researchers, understanding about POI has constantly been progressing over the past decade. Here, we comprehensively summarize and review the landmark development and achievements from POI studies in China spanning 2011 to 2020, which aims to provide key insights from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Tang R, Yu Q. The significance of FMR1 CGG repeats in Chinese women with premature ovarian insufficiency and diminished ovarian reserve. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:82. [PMID: 32787884 PMCID: PMC7422563 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00645-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that there is an association between FMR1 CGG repeats and ovarian dysfunction. The aim of this study is to assess the association between the number of CGG repeats in FMR1 in Chinese patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). METHODS This is a cross-sectional, case-control study, which enrolled 124 patients with POI, 57 patients with DOR and 111 normal menopausal controls. The demographic details along with other clinical data were recorded. The FMR1 CGG repeats were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and microfluidic capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS We could detect two premutation carriers in the POI group (1.6%) and one in the control group (0.9%). No premutation carriers were identified in the DOR group. The frequency of FMR1 premutations was not different between POI or DOR and controls. The most common CGG repeat was 29 and 30, and the repeat length for allele 2 had a secondary peak around 36-39 repeats. The CGG repeats were divided into groups of five consecutive values, and the distribution of allele 1 in the POI group was different from that in the control group (P < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were found for allele 1 between DOR group vs. controls, and for allele 2 between three groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study shows that the frequency of FMR1 premutations is relatively low (1.6%) in Chinese women with POI. The distribution of allele 1 CGG repeat in patients with POI showed difference from that in healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, No 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, DongCheng District, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, No 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, DongCheng District, China.
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Tang R, Chen R, Luo M, Lin S, Yu Q. Chinese women with 29-30 FMR1 CGG repeats have an earlier menopause. Climacteric 2020; 23:298-305. [PMID: 32107944 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2020.1727877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: A strong, well-established non-linear relationship exists between fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) premutation and menopausal age. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether this relationship continues into the normal CGG repeat range.Methods: FMR1 CGG repeats of 111 Chinese postmenopausal women from a prospective cohort and the relationship with age at menopause were analyzed. Associations of FMR1 genotypes with annually measured estradiol and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were also assessed.Results: One premutation and two intermediate carriers were identified, with a prevalence of 0.90% and 1.80%, respectively. The age at menopause differed with statistical significance (p = 0.007) between women carrying bi-allelic 29-30 repeats (49.66 ± 3.26 years) and those carrying a different number of repeats (51.26 ± 2.74 years). Age at menopause among subgroups (≤28, 29-30, and ≥31 repeats) of alleles 1 and 2 were also different (p = 0.014, p = 0.044). FSH trajectories to final menstrual period differed between women with the bi-allelic 29-30 repeats and others (p = 0.019).Conclusions: Women with 29-30 FMR1 CGG repeats may experience menopause approximately 2 years earlier than those carrying ≤28 or ≥31 CGG repeats, and have a longer FSH fluctuant period.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - R Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - M Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - S Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Q Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
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Huang J, Zhang W, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang J, Jiang H. Association between the FMR1 CGG repeat lengths and the severity of idiopathic primary ovarian insufficiency: a meta analysis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:3116-3122. [PMID: 31352801 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1645153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Reports on the association of the CGG repeat length in the FMR1 gene with the severity of idiopathic POI are inconclusive. Therefore, a meta analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the expansion of repeat CGG and idiopathic POI risk. Methods: Up to January 2019, 18 case-control or cohort studies involving 3394 idiopathic POI patients and 8461 controls were included for meta analysis. Results: Thirteen studies, including 2047 cases and 6912 controls, met our criteria for the assessment of the premutation and intermediate repeat length in patients with overt POI. Compared with controls, FMR1 gene premutation is significantly associated with overt POI (OR = 8.13; 95% CI: 4.35-15.19; p < .00001), whereas there was no significant correlation between intermediate repeat length and overt POI (OR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.62-1.18; p = .34). Seven studies, representing 1347 patients and 1948 controls, were eligible for evaluation of the premutation and intermediate repeat length in occult POI. The association between premutation and occult POI was significant (p < .00001), with a pooled fixed effects OR of 11.32 (4.45-28.80), and no significant correlation of intermediate size to occult POI was found in the case-control comparison (OR = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.68-1.47; p = .98). Conclusion: There is a close association between premutation of the FMR1 gene and increased susceptibility to idiopathic POI of each stage and no correlation between intermediate repeat length of the FMR1 gene and the severity of idiopathic POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- a Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of People's Liberation Army, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.,b Reproductive Medicine Center, the 901th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of People's Liberation Army , Hefei , China
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- c Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- b Reproductive Medicine Center, the 901th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of People's Liberation Army , Hefei , China
| | - Ying Liu
- b Reproductive Medicine Center, the 901th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of People's Liberation Army , Hefei , China
| | - Jing Wang
- b Reproductive Medicine Center, the 901th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of People's Liberation Army , Hefei , China
| | - Hong Jiang
- a Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of People's Liberation Army, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.,b Reproductive Medicine Center, the 901th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of People's Liberation Army , Hefei , China
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Premutations of FMR1 CGG repeats are not related to idiopathic premature ovarian failure in Iranian patients: A case control study. Gene 2018; 676:189-194. [PMID: 30030199 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a reproductive disease which affects 1 in 100 under 40 years women. FMR1 premutation carriers of CGG repeats are supposed to be at increased risk for POF. We have examined the 5'UTR region of the gene to find any association between the repeat size and the disease etiology in Iranian population. 30 women with early idiopathic POF and 30 fertile control women were selected. We used triplet repeat primed PCR (TP PCR) assay and gene-specific primers to amplify the CpG Island of FMR1 gene promoter region. The amplification results were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis and Gene Marker software. Among 30 patients, two had intermediate repeat size, one had premutation and the rest had CGG repeat of the normal range. Two of controls had intermediate repeats and none had a premutation. Two groups had significant differences in the repeat number average (p = 0.007) and in the average length of the smallest allele (p < 0.001), but had no promising difference in average length of the longest allele (p = 0.453). Although the two groups showed a significant difference in the length of alleles, their length was within normal range. Perhaps the polymorphism, in connection with the genome's entire network, has been involved in the development of the disease, or there has been a fundamentally different mechanism for the disease in Iranian population. A larger number of Iranian POF patients should be investigated for any probable relationship between the CGG triplet repeat length and the etiology of the disease.
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Yang W, Fan C, Chen L, Cui Z, Bai Y, Lan F. Pathological Effects of the FMR1 CGG-Repeat Polymorphism (5-55 Repeat Numbers): Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2017; 239:57-66. [PMID: 27193037 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.239.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene contains a highly polymorphic trinucleotide (CGG) repeat and consists of various allelic forms. Traditionally, 55-200 repeats and over 200 CGG repeats have been highlighted to be associated with ovarian dysfunction and neuro-psychiatric risks. However, previous studies had paid little attention to the allelic forms of 5-55 CGG repeats. Herein, we sought to evaluate the pathological features of FMR1 allelic category with a range of 5-55 CGG repeats. We further classified the spectrum of CGG sizes (5-55 repeats) into three sub-groups as low numbers of CGG repeat (< 26 repeats), normal CGG count (26-34 repeats), and small CGG expansion (35-54 repeats). Our systematic review documented that low numbers of CGG repeat (< 26 repeats) revealed a close relationship with premature ovarian failure. Correspondingly, the meta-analysis showed that small CGG expansion, involving allelic sizes with 35-54 (n = 8, OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.75-2.00, P > 0.05) and 41-54 (n = 7, OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.14-2.30, P < 0.05), was both linked to the risk of ovarian dysfunction. Additionally, small CGG expansion exerts significant influence on male Parkinsonism cohorts (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.50-3.14, P < 0.05), mental retardation, and repeat instability. Our data provide evidence that the CGG-repeat numbers below 26 or above 34 of FMR1 gene are also associated with disease risks and thus should be regarded as pathological genotypes for a routine test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yang
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Experimental Medicine, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University
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Lu CL, Li R, Chen XN, Xu YY, Yan LY, Yan J, Zhang YY, Jin HY, Zhang WX, Qiao J, Zhen XM. The ‘normal’ range of FMR1 triple CGG repeats may be associated with primary ovarian insufficiency in China. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 34:175-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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