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Yu JX, Hussein A, Mah L, Jean Chen J. The associations among glycemic control, heart variability, and autonomic brain function in healthy individuals: Age- and sex-related differences. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 142:41-51. [PMID: 39128180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between glycemia and function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), assessed via resting-state functional connectivity (FC) and heart-rate variability (HRV). METHODS Data for this study were extracted from the Leipzig Study for Mind-Body-Emotion Interactions, including 146 healthy adults (114 young, 32 older). Variables of interest were glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), resting-state FC in the salience aspect of the central-autonomic (S-CAN) and salience network (SN) and HRV (RMSSD and high-frequency HRV (HF-HRV)). RESULTS HbA1c was inversely correlated with FC in the S-CAN but not SN. HbA1c was inversely correlated with HRV. Both RMSSD and log(HF-HRV) were correlated with FC in the S-CAN and SN. Age- (not sex-related) differences were observed in the Hb1Ac-FC associations (stronger in older adults) while sex- (not age-related) differences were observed in the HRV-FC (stronger in females). CONCLUSIONS These findings extend the diabetes literature to healthy adults in relating glycemia and brain function. The age- and sex-related differences in these relationships highlight the need to account for the potential effects of age and sex in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey X Yu
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmad Hussein
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda Mah
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Jean Chen
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Oliveira-Junior SA, Boullosa D, Mendonça MLM, Vieira LFC, Mattos WW, Amaral BOC, Lima-Borges DS, Reis FA, Cezar MDM, Vanderlei LCM, Martinez PF. Effects of Circuit Weight-Interval Training on Physical Fitness, Cardiac Autonomic Control, and Quality of Life in Sedentary Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4606. [PMID: 33925277 PMCID: PMC8123620 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behaviors, those that involve sitting and low levels of energy expenditure, have been associated with several adverse cardiometabolic effects. This study evaluated the chronic effects of a combined circuit weight interval training (CWIT) on physical fitness, quality of life, and heart rate variability (HRV), and compared the effects of CWIT-induced autonomic adaptations on different postures in adult sedentary workers. Twenty-seven sedentary workers (age 36.9 ± 9.2 years old, 13 men and 14 women) were divided into two groups: control, who continued their sedentary behavior, and experimental, who were submitted to a CWIT for 12 weeks, completing two ~40 min sessions per week. Monitoring of 8th, 16th, and 24th sessions revealed a moderate training load during sessions. Participants exhibited an improved aerobic capacity (VO2max, 34.03 ± 5.36 vs. 36.45 ± 6.05 mL/kg/min, p < 0.05) and flexibility (22.6 ± 11.4 vs. 25.3 ± 10.1 cm, p < 0.05) after the training period. In addition, they showed greater quality of life scores. However, the CWIT did not change body composition. Interestingly, more HRV parameters were improved in the seated position. The CWIT used in the current study was associated with improvements in several fitness and quality of life parameters, as well as in cardiac autonomic control of HR in adult sedentary workers. Examination of different body positions when evaluating changes in HRV appears to be a relevant aspect to be considered in further studies. Future randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with larger samples of both sexes should confirm these promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio A. Oliveira-Junior
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Daniel Boullosa
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Maria L. M. Mendonça
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Larissa F. C. Vieira
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Wania W. Mattos
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Bruna O. C. Amaral
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Dayanne S. Lima-Borges
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Filipe A. Reis
- Department of Physical Therapy, Anhanguera University—UNIDERP, Campo Grande 79003-010, MS, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo D. M. Cezar
- Department of Physical Education, Itapeva Social and Agrarian Sciences College—FAIT, Itapeva 18412-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Luiz C. M. Vanderlei
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Presidente Prudente 19060-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Paula F. Martinez
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
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Hoshi RA, Santos IS, Dantas EM, Andreão RV, Mill JG, Duncan BB, Schmidt MI, Lotufo PA, Bensenor I. Diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism on heart rate variability. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13349. [PMID: 32654127 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to analyse if the effects of coexistent diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism extend to the cardio autonomic nervous system, using heart rate variability baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. MATERIALS AND METHODS Heart rate variability analyses were performed by linear time and frequency domains in 5-minute time series collected in the supine position. The associations of diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism with the lowest quartile group for heart rate and the highest quartile group for each heart rate variability parameter were analysed using additive and multiplicative terms in logistic models. For the first approach, the subsample was categorized into four groups: subjects without diabetes and normal thyroid function (controls); subjects without diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism; patients with diabetes and normal thyroid function; and patients with diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism. For the interaction alnalysis, diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism diagnoses were included in separate, along with a multiplicative interaction term between them. RESULTS Point odds ratio estimates for the 4th quartiles of heart rate, and 1st quartiles of all heart rate variability measurements were higher for subjects with combined diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism than for diabetes only, independently of main sociodemographic and clinical variables (HR: 8.33 vs 2.63; SDNN: 2.59 vs 1.61; RMSSD: 2.37 vs 1.42; LF: 2.83 vs 1.71; HF: 3.06 vs 1.39), but not independently of HbA1c and TSH. Only the interaction term for the association with heart rate, adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables, had borderline statistical significance. CONCLUSION Diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism exert a potential joint impact on cardiac autonomic control, showed by additive effects between diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism, as well as a significant interaction term for the association with heart rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosangela A Hoshi
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research of University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Itamar S Santos
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research of University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Dantas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Vale do Sao Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo V Andreão
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal Institute of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - José G Mill
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Bruce B Duncan
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria I Schmidt
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research of University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Bensenor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research of University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira CM, Ghezzi AC, Cambri LT. Higher blood glucose impairs cardiac autonomic modulation in fasting and after carbohydrate overload in adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:221-228. [PMID: 32898425 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess whether the blood glucose levels influence cardiac autonomic modulation under fasting and after carbohydrate overload conditions. Participants (n = 108) were separated into lower blood glucose and higher blood glucose groups, based on the median (90.5 mg·dL-1) of fasting glucose assessed. The SD2, SDNN, LF indices, and LF/HF increased, and HF decreased after dextrose overload compared with fasting (p < 0.05). Body mass (78.9 vs 69.7 kg), abdominal circumference (90.2 vs 82.2 cm), systolic (113 vs 108 mm Hg) and diastolic (72 vs 67 mm Hg) blood pressure were higher (p < 0.05) in the higher blood glucose group. Heart rate variability (HRV) indices (SD1: 21.0 vs 26.5; SD2: 76.8: vs 86.1; RMSSD: 28.7 vs 37.5; SDNN: 56.1 vs 62.5 ms; pNN50: 10.6 vs 18.9%, HF: 328.4 vs 506.0; LF: 982.8 vs 1259.0 ms2), and the area under the curve of these indices after dextrose overload were lower in the higher blood glucose group (p < 0.05). Additionally, glycemia after dextrose overload was correlated with HRV indices (ρ = -0.216 to -0.273, p < 0.05). Individuals with higher blood glucose, even in the normality range, showed impairment in the cardiac autonomic modulation both at fasting and after carbohydrate overload. Novelty: Higher fasting blood glucose impairs cardiac autonomic modulation. Carbohydrate overload impairs cardiac autonomic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Maria Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Foods and Metabolism, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Ghezzi
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Lucieli Teresa Cambri
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Foods and Metabolism, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
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Wei D, Liu X, Huo W, Yu S, Li L, Wang C, Mao Z. Serum cortisone and glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) polymorphism in human dysglycemia. Hormones (Athens) 2020; 19:385-393. [PMID: 32304041 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to explore the associations of serum cortisone and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) polymorphism with glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Chinese adults. METHODS A total of 2315 participants were included in the present study. Serum cortisone was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariable logistic regression and linear regression were employed to assess the associations between serum cortisone and different glucose metabolism status. RESULTS Serum cortisone was positively associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and T2DM ((Quartile 4 vs Quartile 1, odds ratio (OR) = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01, 1.84, and OR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.50, 2.89, respectively)). A 100% increase in cortisone was associated with a 0.015 (95% CI 0.005, 0.025) mg/dl higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG), a 0.007 (95% CI 0.001, 0.013) higher glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), a 0.4% (95% CI - 0.007, 0.000) lower HOMA2-IR, and a 58.1% (95% CI - 0.788, - 0.373) lower HOMA2-β. After stratification by genotype, the association between serum cortisone and T2DM was not significant in TT genotype carriers. In addition, at the higher concentrations of cortisone, TT genotype carriers had a lower FPG, HbA1c, and HOMA2-IR and a higher HOMA2-β than GG and GT carriers. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum cortisone was associated with an increased risk of IFG and T2DM, and the associations may be modified by rs9324924 polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Songcheng Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Li H, Xia N. The role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease caused by social isolation and loneliness. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101585. [PMID: 32709420 PMCID: PMC7767744 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Loneliness and social isolation are common sources of chronic stress in modern society. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that loneliness and social isolation increase mortality risk as much as smoking or alcohol consumption and more than physical inactivity or obesity. Loneliness in human is associated with higher blood pressure whereas enhanced atherosclerosis is observed in animal models of social isolation. Loneliness and social isolation lead to activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, enhanced sympathetic nerve activity, impaired parasympathetic function and a proinflammatory immune response. These mechanisms have been implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease conferred by social isolation although a causal relationship has not been established so far. There is evidence that oxidative stress is likely to be a key molecular mechanism linking chronic psychosocial stress to cardiovascular disease. NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative stress in the hypothalamus has been shown to be required for social isolation-induced HPA axis activation in socially isolated rats. Oxidative stress in the rostral ventrolateral medulla is also a key regulator of sympathetic nerve activity. In the vasculature, oxidative stress increases vascular tone and promote atherogenesis through multiple mechanisms. Thus, preventing oxidative stress may represent a therapeutic strategy to reduce the detrimental effects of social stress on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ning Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Cherkas A, Holota S, Mdzinarashvili T, Gabbianelli R, Zarkovic N. Glucose as a Major Antioxidant: When, What for and Why It Fails? Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020140. [PMID: 32033390 PMCID: PMC7070274 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A human organism depends on stable glucose blood levels in order to maintain its metabolic needs. Glucose is considered to be the most important energy source, and glycolysis is postulated as a backbone pathway. However, when the glucose supply is limited, ketone bodies and amino acids can be used to produce enough ATP. In contrast, for the functioning of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) glucose is essential and cannot be substituted by other metabolites. The PPP generates and maintains the levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) needed for the reduction in oxidized glutathione and protein thiols, the synthesis of lipids and DNA as well as for xenobiotic detoxification, regulatory redox signaling and counteracting infections. The flux of glucose into a PPP—particularly under extreme oxidative and toxic challenges—is critical for survival, whereas the glycolytic pathway is primarily activated when glucose is abundant, and there is lack of NADP+ that is required for the activation of glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase. An important role of glycogen stores in resistance to oxidative challenges is discussed. Current evidences explain the disruptive metabolic effects and detrimental health consequences of chronic nutritional carbohydrate overload, and provide new insights into the positive metabolic effects of intermittent fasting, caloric restriction, exercise, and ketogenic diet through modulation of redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Cherkas
- Department of Internal Medicine # 1, Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
- Correspondence:
| | - Serhii Holota
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Pharmacy, Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University, 43025 Lutsk, Ukraine
| | - Tamaz Mdzinarashvili
- Institute of Medical and Applied Biophysics, I. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 0128 Tbilisi, Georgia;
| | - Rosita Gabbianelli
- Unit of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Institute “Rudjer Boskovic”, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Lundqvist MH, Almby K, Abrahamsson N, Eriksson JW. Is the Brain a Key Player in Glucose Regulation and Development of Type 2 Diabetes? Front Physiol 2019; 10:457. [PMID: 31133864 PMCID: PMC6524713 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ever since Claude Bernards discovery in the mid 19th-century that a lesion in the floor of the third ventricle in dogs led to altered systemic glucose levels, a role of the CNS in whole-body glucose regulation has been acknowledged. However, this finding was later overshadowed by the isolation of pancreatic hormones in the 20th century. Since then, the understanding of glucose homeostasis and pathology has primarily evolved around peripheral mechanism. Due to scientific advances over these last few decades, however, increasing attention has been given to the possibility of the brain as a key player in glucose regulation and the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. Studies of animals have enabled detailed neuroanatomical mapping of CNS structures involved in glucose regulation and key neuronal circuits and intracellular pathways have been identified. Furthermore, the development of neuroimaging techniques has provided methods to measure changes of activity in specific CNS regions upon diverse metabolic challenges in humans. In this narrative review, we discuss the available evidence on the topic. We conclude that there is much evidence in favor of active CNS involvement in glucose homeostasis but the relative importance of central vs. peripheral mechanisms remains to be elucidated. An increased understanding of this field may lead to new CNS-focusing pharmacologic strategies in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristina Almby
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Jan W Eriksson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Cherkas A, Zarkovic N. 4-Hydroxynonenal in Redox Homeostasis of Gastrointestinal Mucosa: Implications for the Stomach in Health and Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E118. [PMID: 30177630 PMCID: PMC6162398 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7090118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of integrity and function of the gastric mucosa (GM) requires a high regeneration rate of epithelial cells during the whole life span. The health of the gastric epithelium highly depends on redox homeostasis, antioxidant defense, and activity of detoxifying systems within the cells, as well as robustness of blood supply. Bioactive products of lipid peroxidation, in particular, second messengers of free radicals, the bellwether of which is 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), are important mediators in physiological adaptive reactions and signaling, but they are also thought to be implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous gastric diseases. Molecular mechanisms and consequences of increased production of HNE, and its protein adducts, in response to stressors during acute and chronic gastric injury, are well studied. However, several important issues related to the role of HNE in gastric carcinogenesis, tumor growth and progression, the condition of GM after eradication of Helicobacter pylori, or the relevance of antioxidants for HNE-related redox homeostasis in GM, still need more studies and new comprehensive approaches. In this regard, preclinical studies and clinical intervention trials are required, which should also include the use of state-of-the-art analytical techniques, such as HNE determination by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as modern mass-spectroscopy methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Cherkas
- Department of Internal Medicine #1, Danylo Halystkyi Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS), Institute "Rudjer Boskovic", HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Cherkas A, Golota S, Guéraud F, Abrahamovych O, Pichler C, Nersesyan A, Krupak V, Bugiichyk V, Yatskevych O, Pliatsko M, Eckl P, Knasmüller S. A Helicobacter pylori-associated insulin resistance in asymptomatic sedentary young men does not correlate with inflammatory markers and urine levels of 8-iso-PGF 2-α or 1,4-dihydroxynonane mercapturic acid. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:275-285. [PMID: 29105496 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1396346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A potential contribution of H. pylori contamination to low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress (OS) and insulin resistance as well as correlations between these parameters in asymptomatic sedentary males was analysed. We enrolled 30 apparently healthy asymptomatic young subjects (18 H. pylori negative and 12 positive) and measured whole blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, insulin, C-peptide, cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone, thyroid stimulating hormone, C-reactive protein, interleukins 6 and 10, TNF-alpha and comet assay. As markers of OS, we used urine levels of iso-PGF2-α and 1,4-dihydroxynonane mercapturic acid (DHN-MA). Twofold elevation of fasting insulin level and HOMA index in H. pylori-positive subjects (p < .05) was shown. Inflammatory parameters and monocyte DNA damage, urine levels of DHN-MA and iso-PGF2-α did not show significant differences between the groups. The early stage of H. pylori-triggered metabolic derangements in sedentary subjects include development of insulin resistance in H. pylori-positive subjects; however, there is no evidence of systemic inflammatory and OS-related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Cherkas
- a Department of Internal Medicine №1 , Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
- b Department of Medicine , Lviv College of Physical Culture , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Sergii Golota
- c Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry , Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Françoise Guéraud
- d Research Center in Food Toxicology Toxalim UMR1331, Toulouse University, INRA , Team 9 "Prevention, Promotion of Carcinogenesis by Food" , Toulouse , France
| | - Orest Abrahamovych
- a Department of Internal Medicine №1 , Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Christoph Pichler
- e Department of Internal Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- e Department of Internal Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Volodymyr Krupak
- f Institute of Cell Biology , National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Vira Bugiichyk
- a Department of Internal Medicine №1 , Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
- g Lviv Regional Phtysiopulmonological Centrum , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Ostap Yatskevych
- a Department of Internal Medicine №1 , Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Mykhaylo Pliatsko
- a Department of Internal Medicine №1 , Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Peter Eckl
- h Department of Cell Biology and Physiology , University of Salzburg , Salzburg , Austria
| | - Siegfried Knasmüller
- e Department of Internal Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Social and demographic changes have led to an increased prevalence of loneliness and social isolation in modern society. Recent Advances: Population-based studies have demonstrated that both objective social isolation and the perception of social isolation (loneliness) are correlated with a higher risk of mortality and that both are clearly risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lonely individuals have increased peripheral vascular resistance and elevated blood pressure. Socially isolated animals develop more atherosclerosis than those housed in groups. CRITICAL ISSUES Molecular mechanisms responsible for the increased cardiovascular risk are poorly understood. In recent reports, loneliness and social stress were associated with activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis and the sympathetic nervous system. Repeated and chronic social stress leads to glucocorticoid resistance, enhanced myelopoiesis, upregulated proinflammatory gene expression, and oxidative stress. However, the causal role of these mechanisms in the development of loneliness-associated CVD remains unclear. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of how CVD is induced by loneliness and social isolation requires additional studies. Understanding of the pathomechanisms is essential for the development of therapeutic strategies to prevent the detrimental effects of social stress on health. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 837-851.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xia
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center , Mainz, Germany
| | - Huige Li
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center , Mainz, Germany .,2 Center for Translational Vascular Biology (CTVB), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center , Mainz, Germany .,3 German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
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12
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Blood pressure variability is independent of systolic pressure in adolescent and young adult patients undergoing hemodialysis. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:615-621. [PMID: 29166378 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundPre-dialysis blood pressure variability (BPV) in adolescent and young-adult maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients remains unknown. This study aimed to show the degree of 44-h BPV and to explore its related risk factors in adolescent and young-adult MHD patients.MethodsOne hundred and fifty-three hemodialysis patients aged from 14 to 29 were selected from 11 medical facilities in Guizhou, China. Variability independent of the mean BP (VIM) obtained by 44-h ambulatory BP monitoring was used to calculate BPV. Baseline characteristics, physical measurement, and laboratory parameters were compared between different groups categorized by quartiles of VIM of systolic BP (VIMSBP).ResultsVIMSBP levels were found to be positively related to interdialytic weigh growth rate (IDWG), serum phosphorus, and serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH; Spearman correlation coefficients 0.474, 0.229, and 0.437, respectively; P<0.05 for all) and negatively related to hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin (-0.317, P<0.001, and -0.166, P=0.04, respectively) in all adolescent and young-adult MHD patients. In multiple linear regression analysis, IDWG, Hb, serum phosphorus, and serum iPTH had an independent association with VIMSBP.ConclusionOur analysis revealed an independent association of BPV with IDWG, Hb, serum phosphorus, and serum iPTH among adolescent and young-adult patients undergoing dialysis. This observation warrants further study.
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Cherkas A, Zarkovic K, Cipak Gasparovic A, Jaganjac M, Milkovic L, Abrahamovych O, Yatskevych O, Waeg G, Yelisyeyeva O, Zarkovic N. Amaranth oil reduces accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal-histidine adducts in gastric mucosa and improves heart rate variability in duodenal peptic ulcer patients undergoing Helicobacter pylori eradication. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:135-149. [PMID: 29251014 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1418981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori-induced oxidative stress in gastric mucosa (GM) is a milieu for the development of chronic gastritis, duodenal peptic ulcer (DPU), gastric cancer, and a number of extragastric diseases. Because our previous study revealed the accumulation of the protein adducts of lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) in GM, which persists after eradication of H. pylori, the aim of the study was to test whether Amaranth oil supplementation in addition to standard anti-Helicobacter treatment could prevent such accumulation of HNE in GM in H. pylori-positive DPU patients. Seventy-five patients were randomly split into two groups: group 1 - standard treatment (n = 39) and group 2 - standard treatment with additional supplementation of 1 ml of concentrated oil from amaranth seeds (Amaranthus cruenthus L., n = 36). Clinical analysis, including endoscopy with biopsies from antrum and corpus of the stomach were performed before and after the treatment, as was heart rate variability (HRV) recorded, as parameter of systemic, extragastric pathophysiological alterations in DPU patients. Improvement of clinical, endoscopic and histologic manifestations, and successful ulcer healing were observed in both the groups. Moreover, supplementation of amaranth oil in addition to standard anti-H. pylori treatment significantly reduced accumulation of HNE-histidine adducts in GM and increased HRV in DPU patients (p < .05). Therefore, standard treatments of DPU require additional therapeutic approaches, in accordance with integrative medicine principles, aiming to reduce persistence of oxidative stress, as was successfully done in our study by the use of amaranth oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Cherkas
- a Department of Internal Medicine #1, Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Kamelija Zarkovic
- b Division of Pathology, Clinical Hospital Centre "Zagreb", University of Zagreb School of Medicine , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Ana Cipak Gasparovic
- c Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS) , Institute "Rudjer Boskovic" , Zagreb , Croatia
| | | | - Lidija Milkovic
- c Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS) , Institute "Rudjer Boskovic" , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Orest Abrahamovych
- a Department of Internal Medicine #1, Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Ostap Yatskevych
- a Department of Internal Medicine #1, Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Georg Waeg
- e Institute of Molecular Bioscience, Karl Franzens University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Olha Yelisyeyeva
- f Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- c Laboratory for Oxidative Stress (LabOS) , Institute "Rudjer Boskovic" , Zagreb , Croatia
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14
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Silva-E-Oliveira J, Amélio PM, Abranches ILL, Damasceno DD, Furtado F. Heart rate variability based on risk stratification for type 2 diabetes mellitus. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2017; 15:141-147. [PMID: 28767910 PMCID: PMC5609608 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-45082017ao3888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate heart rate variability among adults with different risk levels for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods The risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus was assessed in 130 participants (89 females) based on the questionnaire Finnish Diabetes Risk Score and was classified as low risk (n=26), slightly elevated risk (n=41), moderate risk (n=27) and high risk (n=32). To measure heart rate variability, a heart-rate monitor Polar S810i® was employed to obtain RR series for each individual, at rest, for 5 minutes, followed by analysis of linear and nonlinear indexes. Results The groups at higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus had significantly lower linear and nonlinear heart rate variability indexes. Conclusion The individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus have lower heart rate variability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fabianne Furtado
- Instituto Federal do Sudeste de Minas Gerais, Barbacena, MG, Brazil
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15
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Cherkas A, Eckl P, Gueraud F, Abrahamovych O, Serhiyenko V, Yatskevych O, Pliatsko M, Golota S. Helicobacter pylori in sedentary men is linked to higher heart rate, sympathetic activity, and insulin resistance but not inflammation or oxidative stress. Croat Med J 2017; 57:141-9. [PMID: 27106356 PMCID: PMC4856189 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2016.57.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare anthropometric parameters, body composition, hormonal and inflammatory profiles, oxidative stress indices, and heart rate variability (HRV) in Heliobacter pylori (H.pylori) positive and negative healthy sedentary participants. METHODS Among 30 recruited apparently healthy male participants (age between 20 and 40) enrolled in this cross-sectional study, 18 were H.pylori negative and 12 were positive (stool antigen test). Participants underwent routine physical examination and body composition determination. The following biochemical parameters were determined in blood: fasting whole blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, C-peptide, cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone, thyroid stimulating hormone, C-reactive protein, interleukins 6 and 10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and the urinary level of 1,4-dihydroxynonane mercapturic acid. For HRV evaluation, electrocardiogram in supine position and in orthostatic test was performed. RESULTS H.pylori contamination was not significantly associated with any changes in anthropometric parameters, body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose, or glycated hemoglobin levels. No significant difference was found for inflammatory markers as well as 1,4-dihydroxynonane mercapturic acid. H.pylori-positive participants, however, had significantly higher heart rate (P=0.009), sympathetic/parasympathetic balance in orthostatic test (P=0.029), fasting insulin level (P=0.037), and HOMA-index (P=0.047). CONCLUSIONS H.pylori contamination is linked to a significantly higher heart rate, sympathetic activation, and increased insulin resistance, while inflammatory and oxidative stress markers remain unaffected in healthy sedentary male subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Cherkas
- Andriy Cherkas, Department of Internal Medicine #1, Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska St. 69, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine,
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Mossmann M, Wainstein MV, Gonçalves SC, Wainstein RV, Gravina GL, Sangalli M, Veadrigo F, Matte R, Reich R, Costa FG, Bertoluci MC. HOMA-IR is associated with significant angiographic coronary artery disease in non-diabetic, non-obese individuals: a cross-sectional study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2015; 7:100. [PMID: 26753001 PMCID: PMC4706182 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-015-0085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Insulin resistance is a major component of metabolic syndrome, type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Although important in T2DM, its role as a predictor of CAD in non-diabetic patients is less studied. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the association of HOMA-IR with significant CAD, determined by coronary angiography in non-obese, non-T2DM patients. We also evaluate the association between 3 oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) based insulin sensitivity indexes (Matsuda, STUMVOLL-ISI and OGIS) and CAD. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 54 non-obese, non-diabetic individuals referred for coronary angiography due to suspected CAD. CAD was classified as the "anatomic burden score" corresponding to any stenosis equal or larger than 50 % in diameter on the coronary distribution. Patients without lesions were included in No-CAD group. Patients with at least 1 lesion were included in the CAD group. A 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with measurements of plasma glucose and serum insulin at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min was obtained to calculate insulin sensitivity parameters. HOMA-IR results were ranked and patients were also categorized into insulin resistant (IR) or non-insulin resistant (NIR) if they were respectively above or below the 75th percentile (HOMA-IR > 4.21). The insulin sensitivity tests results were also divided into IR and NIR, respectively below and above each 25th percentile. Chi square was used to study association. Poisson Regression Model was used to compare prevalence ratios between categorized CAD and IR groups. RESULTS Fifty-four patients were included in the study. There were 26 patients (48 %) with significant CAD. The presence of clinically significant CAD was significant associated with HOMA-IR above p75 (Chi square 4.103, p = 0.0428) and 71 % of patients with HOMA-IR above p75 had significant CAD. Subjects with CAD had increased prevalence ratio of HOMA-IR above p75 compared to subjects without CAD (PR 1.78; 95 % CI 1.079-2.95; p = 0.024). Matsuda index, Stumvoll-ISI and OGIS index were not associated with significant CAD. We concluded that, in patients without diabetes or obesity, in whom a coronary angiography study is indicated, a single determination of HOMA-IR above 4.21 indicates increased risk for clinical significant coronary disease. The same association was not seen with insulin sensitivity indexes such as Matsuda, Stunvoll-ISI or OGIS. These findings support the need for further longitudinal research using HOMA-IR as a predictor of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Mossmann
- />Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Marco V. Wainstein
- />Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Sandro C. Gonçalves
- />Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo V. Wainstein
- />Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Gabriela L. Gravina
- />Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Marlei Sangalli
- />Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Francine Veadrigo
- />Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Roselene Matte
- />Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Rejane Reich
- />Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Fernanda G. Costa
- />Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
| | - Marcello C. Bertoluci
- />Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcellos 2350, Room 700, Porto Alegre, 90035-903 Brazil
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