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Ávila MR, Figueiredo PHS, Lima VP, de Oliveira LFL, de Oliveira LFF, Silva WT, Trede Filho RG, de Carvalho Bastone A, Lacerda ACR, Mendonça VA, Mediano MFF, Costa HS. The prognostic value of the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test in Chagas cardiomyopathy. Disabil Rehabil 2022; 44:7516-7521. [PMID: 34613873 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1986580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To verify the value of the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) distance to identify patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy (ChC) at risk of adverse cardiovascular events. METHODS Fifty-two patients with ChC (51 ± 6 years) were evaluated by ISWT, echocardiography, Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing, and Human Activity Profile (HAP) Questionnaire. Patients were prospectively followed for 44 ± 10 months. The combined endpoint was cardiac death/heart transplant/stroke. The prognostic value of ISWT was verified by the Cox regression, and the ISWT was adjusted for age, sex, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production relationship (VE/VCO2 slope). RESULTS At the final follow-up, 11 patients (21%) had experienced the endpoint event. When adjusted for age, sex, LVEF, and VE/VCO2 slope, only ISWT distance (HR 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98-0.99; p = 0.026) and VE/VCO2 slope (HR 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87-0.99; p = 0.044) remained as independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ChC. The optimal cutoff point for identifying poor prognosis was the ISWT distance less than 440 m (AUC = 0.72). There was a significant difference (p = 0.032) in the number of events between the groups with low ISWT distance (≤440 m) and high (>440 m) ISWT distance. CONCLUSIONS The ISWT is a valuable tool with potential value in the prognostic evaluation of patients with ChC.Implications for rehabilitationPatients with Chagas cardiomyopathy showed functional impairment since the early stages of heart disease.The Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) can be a valuable and inexpensive tool in the risk stratification of the patients.The ISWT distance is an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular event.The ISWT distance of 440m is the optimal cut-off point in the identification of patients at risk for adverse cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Ribeiro Ávila
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Scheidt Figueiredo
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course of Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pereira Lima
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course of Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Luciano Fonseca Lemos de Oliveira
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas Frois Fernandes de Oliveira
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Whesley Tanor Silva
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Renato Guilherme Trede Filho
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course of Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Alessandra de Carvalho Bastone
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course of Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course of Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course of Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Henrique Silveira Costa
- Physical Therapy School, Healthy and Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil.,Postgraduate Course of Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
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Shimoda M, Takao S, Kokutou H, Yoshida N, Fujiwara K, Furuuchi K, Osawa T, Nakamoto K, Tanaka Y, Morimoto K, Yano R, Okumura M, Uchiyama T, Yoshimori K, Ohta K, Senjyu H. In-hospital pulmonary rehabilitation after completion of primary respiratory disease treatment improves physical activity and ADL performance: A prospective intervention study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28151. [PMID: 34889282 PMCID: PMC8663887 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary rehabilitation improves the physical condition of patients with chronic respiratory disease; however, there are patients who cannot leave the hospital because of their low activities of daily living (ADLs), despite the completion of primary respiratory disease treatment and rehabilitation during treatment. Therefore, this study demonstrated that those patients recovered their ADLs through in-hospital pulmonary rehabilitation after treatment completion. METHODS We prospectively studied 24 hospitalized patients who had some remaining symptoms and showed low ADL scores of 9 points or less on the short physical performance battery after undergoing treatment for respiratory disease in Fukujuji Hospital from October 2018 to October 2019, excluding 2 patients who had re-exacerbation and 1 patient who could not be examined using the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT). After completion of the primary respiratory disease treatment, patients moved to the regional comprehensive care ward, and they received pulmonary rehabilitation for 2 weeks. In the ward, patients who could not yet leave the hospital could undergo pulmonary rehabilitation for up to 60 days. Data were evaluated three times: upon treatment completion (baseline), postrehabilitation, and 3 months after baseline. The main outcome was an improvement in the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) postrehabilitation. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 80 (interquartile range (IQR): 74.8-84.5), and 14 patients (58.3%) were male. The ISWT distance significantly increased postrehabilitation (median [IQR]: 60 m [18-133] vs 120 m [68-203], P < .001). The Barthel Index (BI) (P < .001), the modified Medical Research Council (P < .001), and other scale scores were also improved. Among patients with acute respiratory diseases such as pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and interstitial pneumonia, ISWT and other data showed improvement at the postrehabilitation timepoint. Ten patients who could perform examinations at 3 months after baseline were evaluated 3 months after taking baseline data prior to starting rehabilitation. The ISWT showed significant improvement 3 months after baseline compared to baseline (P = .024), and the ISWT distance was maintained after rehabilitation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Physical activity, symptoms, mental health, and ADL status in patients who had not recovered after primary treatment completion for respiratory diseases could improve through in-hospital pulmonary rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Shimoda
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takao
- Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kokutou
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yoshida
- Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Fujiwara
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Furuuchi
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Osawa
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Nakamoto
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kozo Morimoto
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryozo Yano
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Okumura
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Uchiyama
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kozo Yoshimori
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Ohta
- Respiratory Disease Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Senjyu
- Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA), Kiyose City, Tokyo, Japan
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Queiroz DS, da Silva CCBM, Amaral AF, Oliveira MR, Moriya HT, Carvalho CRR, Baldi BG, Carvalho CRF. Desaturation-Distance Ratio During Submaximal and Maximal Exercise Tests and Its Association With Lung Function Parameters in Patients With Lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:659416. [PMID: 34395465 PMCID: PMC8358109 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.659416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The desaturation-distance ratio (DDR), the ratio of the desaturation area to the distance walked, is a promising, reliable, and simple physiologic tool for functional evaluation in subjects with interstitial lung diseases. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare neoplastic condition frequently associated with exercise impairment. However, DDR has rarely been evaluated in patients with LAM. Objectives: To assess DDR during maximal and submaximal exercises and evaluate whether DDR can be predicted using lung function parameters. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a cohort of women with LAM. The 6-min walking test (6MWT) and the incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT) were performed, and DDR was obtained from both tests. The functional parameters were assessed at rest using spirometry and body plethysmography. The pulmonary function variables predictive of DDR were also assessed. Results: Forty patients were included in this study. The mean age was 46 ± 10 years. Airway obstruction, reduced DLCO, and air trapping were found in 60, 57, and 15% of patients, respectively. The distance walked and the DDR for the 6MWT and ISWT were, respectively, 517 ± 65 and 443 ± 127 m; and 6.6 (3.8-10.9) and 8.3 (6.2-12.7). FEV1 (airway obstruction) and reduced DLCO and RV/TLC (air trapping) were independent variables predictive of DDR during exercises field tests [DDR6MWT = 18.66-(0.06 × FEV1%pred)-(0.10 × DLCO%pred) + (1.54 × air trapping),R adjust 2 = 0.43] and maximal [DDRISWT = 18.84-(0.09 × FEV1%pred)-(0.05 × DLCO%pred) + (3.10 × air trapping),R adjust 2 = 0.33]. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that DDR is a useful tool for functional evaluation during maximal and submaximal exercises in patients with LAM, and it can be predicted using airway obstruction, reduced DLCO, and air trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Silva Queiroz
- Departament of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, University of Sáo Paulo, Sáo Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sáo Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Franco Amaral
- Divisao de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sáo Paulo, Sáo Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martina Rodrigues Oliveira
- Divisao de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sáo Paulo, Sáo Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique Takachi Moriya
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de Sáo Paulo, Sáo Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho
- Divisao de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sáo Paulo, Sáo Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Guedes Baldi
- Divisao de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coracao, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sáo Paulo, Sáo Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celso R. F. Carvalho
- Departament of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, University of Sáo Paulo, Sáo Paulo, Brazil
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Takao S, Tabusadani M, Yamane K, Kakuta T, Kuroyama Y, Mori K, Ono K, Omatsu S, Kawahara K, Toyoda Y, Senjyu H. Is the Leicester Cough Questionnaire useful for nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease? Respir Investig 2020; 59:120-125. [PMID: 32800755 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) is increasing worldwide, there is no established standard of care leading to eradication. Therefore, research on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is important for patients with NTM-LD. HRQOL is commonly evaluated using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), developed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, NTM-LD differs from COPD in that few patients complain of dyspnea or wheezing, and cough and sputum are their main symptoms. The Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) is an HRQOL questionnaire dedicated to cough, but few studies have used it for NTM-LD. This study evaluated HRQOL in patients with NTM-LD using the SGRQ and LCQ and clarified the usefulness of the LCQ. METHODS Information on age, height, weight, lung function, percent ideal body weight, laboratory data, radiological scores, exercise capacity, SGRQ, and LCQ were collected from the medical records of 81 patients. Correlations between SGRQ and LCQ domains were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. Multivariate analysis was performed with SGRQ and LCQ total scores. RESULTS Statistically significant correlations were observed between all domains, and the correlation between the total scores was -0.67 (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis with total scores as the dependent variable showed that the explanatory variables were lung function (p < 0.05) and radiological score (p < 0.05) in the SGRQ, and radiological score (p < 0.05) and C-reactive protein level (p < 0.05) in the LCQ. CONCLUSION The LCQ, which evaluates an inflammatory response involved in the diagnosis of NTM-LD, may be useful to assess HRQOL in patients with NTM-LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Takao
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan; Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
| | - Mitsuru Tabusadani
- Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Yamane
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan; Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kakuta
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Kanamecho Hospital, 1-11-13 Kanamecho, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, 171-0043, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kuroyama
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan; Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Mori
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan; Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Ono
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan; Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
| | - Shunya Omatsu
- Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
| | - Kazuma Kawahara
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan; Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
| | - Yuki Toyoda
- Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Senjyu
- Department of Clinical Mycobacteriology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan; Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation Center, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo, 204-8522, Japan.
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Silva GAG, Santos JSFD, Dantas DDS, Fernandes ATDNSF, Lima ÍNDF. Physiological responses of incremental and endurance shuttle walk tests in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): narrative review. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2020.1754463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriely Azevêdo Gonçalo Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi- FACISA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Juliana Simonelly Felix dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi- FACISA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Diego de Souza Dantas
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi- FACISA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | | | - Íllia Nadinne Dantas Florentino Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi- FACISA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Santa Cruz, Brazil
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Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test in Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2019; 38:425-429. [PMID: 29757823 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). METHODS This was a cross-sectional longitudinal study. Patients (n = 27, 10 males; mean age ± SD, 61 ± 9.8 y) with ILD of any etiology, who participated in an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) program, were recruited. Reliability was determined by comparing the distance covered in meters between the ISWT-1 and the ISWT-2. Validity was assessed by correlating the distance covered in the ISWT-1, with the maximum oxygen consumption ((Equation is included in full-text article.)O2max) obtained through cardiopulmonary exercise testing and distance covered during the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Responsiveness was assessed by comparing the distance covered in the ISWT-3, undertaken after the completion of PR, to the ISWT-1. RESULTS The distance covered was equivalent between the ISWT-1 (216.7 ± 64.9 m) and the ISWT-2 (220.7 ± 67.3 m), with an excellent intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1 = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.81-0.95). The standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change at the 95% CI (MDC95) values for the ISWT were 19.5 m and 53.9m, respectively. There were significant correlations between the distance covered on the ISWT and (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2max (r = 0.79, P < .0001) and the distance covered on the 6MWT (r = 0.76, P < .0001). Following PR, the change in the ISWT distance showed large effect size (ES = 0.85) and standardized response mean (SRM = 1.58). CONCLUSIONS The ISWT is a reliable, valid, and responsive measure of estimated functional capacity in patients with ILD.
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