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Influence of the Type of Physician on Survival from Emergency-Medical-Service-Witnessed Cardiac Arrest: An Observational Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101841. [PMID: 36292288 PMCID: PMC9601607 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation by non-emergency dedicated physicians may not be positively associated with survival, as these physicians have less experience and exposure than specialised dedicated personnel. The aim of this study was to compare the survival results of the teams led by emergency dedicated physicians (EDPhy) with those of the teams led by non-emergency dedicated physicians (N-EDPhy) and with a team of basic life support (BLS) emergency technicians (EMTs) used as the control group. A retrospective, multicentre study of emergency-medical-service-witnessed cardiac arrest from medical causes in adults was performed. The records from 2006 to 2016 in a database of a regional emergency system were analysed and updated up to 31 December 2021. Two groups were studied: initial shockable and non-shockable rhythms. In total, 1359 resuscitation attempts were analysed, 281 of which belonged to the shockable group, and 1077 belonged to the non-shockable rhythm group. Any onsite return of spontaneous circulation, patients admitted to the hospital alive, global survival, and survival with a cerebral performance category (CPC) of 1-2 (good and moderate cerebral performance) were studied, with both of the latter categories considered at 30 days, 1 year (primary outcome), and 5 years. The shockable and non-shockable rhythm group (and CPC 1-2) survivals at 1 year were, respectively, as follows: EDPhy, 66.7 % (63.4%) and 14.0% (12.3%); N-EDPhy, 16.0% (16.0%) and 1.96 % (1.47%); and EMTs 32.0% (29.7%) and 1.3% (0.84%). The crude ORs were EDPhy vs. N-EDPhy, 10.50 (5.67) and 8.16 (4.63) (all p < 0.05); EDPhy vs. EMTs, 4.25 (2.65) and 12.86 (7.80) (p < 0.05); and N-EDPhy vs. EMTs, 0.50 (0.76) (p < 0.05) and 1.56 (1.32) (p > 0.05). The presence of an EDPhy was positively related to all the survival and CPC rates.
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Hoehne SN, Epstein SE, Hopper K. Prospective Evaluation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performed in Dogs and Cats According to the RECOVER Guidelines. Part 1: Prognostic Factors According to Utstein-Style Reporting. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:384. [PMID: 31788482 PMCID: PMC6854014 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors associated with positive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) outcomes defined according to the veterinary Utstein-style CPR reporting guidelines have not been described since implementation of the Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation (RECOVER) CPR clinical guidelines in 2012. The aims of this study were to assess factors associated with positive CPR outcomes at a U.S. veterinary teaching hospital, to re-evaluate these factors since implementation of the RECOVER guidelines compared to reported factors prior to their publication, and to identify potential additional factors since guideline publication. One-hundred and seventy-two dogs and 47 cats that experienced cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) and had CPR performed were prospectively included in this observational study. Supervising clinicians were asked to complete a data form on CPR events immediately following completion of CPR efforts. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of twenty hospital, animal, and arrest variables on the three patient outcomes “any return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC),” “sustained ROSC,” and survival to hospital discharge. Cats had significantly higher odds to achieve any ROSC [OR (95%CI) 2.72 (1.12–6.61), p = 0.028] and survive to hospital discharge than dogs [OR (95%CI) 4.87 (1.52–15.58), p = 0.008]. Patients had significantly lower odds of achieving any ROSC if CPA occurred during nighttime hours [OR (95%CI) nighttime = 0.52 (0.27–0.98), p = 0.043], and higher odds if CPA was witnessed [OR (95%CI) 3.45 (1.57–7.55), p = 0.002], if less people were involved in CPR efforts [OR (95%CI) 0.8 (0.66–0.96), p = 0.016], if pulses were palpable during CPR [OR (95%CI) 9.27 (4.16–20.63), p < 0.0005], and if an IV catheter was already in place at the time of CPA [OR (95%CI) 5.07 (2.12–12.07), p = 0.0003]. Odds for survival to hospital discharge were significantly higher if less people were involved in CPR efforts [OR (95%CI) 0.65 (0.46–0.91), p = 0.013] and for patients of the anesthesia service [OR (95%CI) 14.82 (3.91–56.17), p = 0.00007]. Overall, factors associated with improved CPR outcomes have remained similar since incorporation of RECOVER guidelines into daily practice. Witnessed CPA events and high-quality CPR interventions were associated with positive patient outcomes, emphasizing the importance of timely recognition and initiation of CPR efforts. An optimal CPR team size has yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina N Hoehne
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Steven E Epstein
- Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Kate Hopper
- Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Cabral ELDS, Castro WRS, Florentino DRDM, Viana DDA, Costa Junior JFD, Souza RPD, Rêgo ACM, Araújo-Filho I, Medeiros AC. Response time in the emergency services. Systematic review. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 33:1110-1121. [PMID: 30624517 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180120000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of the urban population raises concern about municipal public managers in the sense of providing emergency medical services (EMS) that are aligned with the needs of prehospital emergency medical care demanded by the population. The literature review aims at presenting the response time of emergency medical services in several parts of the world and discussing some factors that interfere in the result of this indicator such as GDP (Gross Domestic Product) percentage spent on health and life expectancy of countries. The study will also show that in some of the consulted articles, authors suggest to EMS recommendations for decreasing the response time using simulations, heuristics and metaheuristics. Response time is a basic indicator of emergency medical services, in such a way that researchers use the descriptive statistics to evaluate this parameter. Europe and the USA outstand in the publication of studies that present this information. Some articles use stochastic and mathematical methods to suggest models that simulate scenarios of response time reduction and suggest such proposals to the local EMS. Countries in which the response time was identified have a high index of human development and life expectancy between 74.7 and 83.7 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lucas Dos Santos Cabral
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil. Acquisition, interpretation and analysis of data; manuscript writing
| | - Wilkson Ricardo Silva Castro
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil. Acquisition, interpretation and analysis of data; manuscript writing
| | - Davidson Rogério de Medeiros Florentino
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil. Acquisition, interpretation and analysis of data; manuscript writing
| | - Danylo de Araújo Viana
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil. Acquisition, interpretation and analysis of data; manuscript writing
| | - João Florêncio da Costa Junior
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN, Brazil. Acquisition, interpretation and analysis of data; manuscript writing
| | - Ricardo Pires de Souza
- Fellow Master degree, Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering, UFRN, Natal-RN, Brazil. Acquisition, interpretation and analysis of data; critical revision
| | - Amália Cinthia Meneses Rêgo
- PhD, Health Sciences, Natal-RN, Brazil. Design of the study, interpretation and analysis of data, manuscript writing, critical revision
| | - Irami Araújo-Filho
- Full Professor, Department of Surgery, UFRN and Universidade Potiguar (UnP), Natal-RN, Brazil. Design of the study, interpretation and analysis of data, manuscript writing, critical revision
| | - Aldo Cunha Medeiros
- PhD, Full Professor, Department of Surgery, UFRN, Natal-RN, Brazil. Design of the study, interpretation and analysis of data, manuscript writing, critical revision
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Impact of prehospital physician-led cardiopulmonary resuscitation on neurologically intact survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A nationwide population-based observational study. Resuscitation 2018; 136:38-46. [PMID: 30448503 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The impact of prehospital physician care for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) on long-term neurological outcome is unclear. We aimed to determine the association between emergency medical services (EMS) physician-led cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) versus paramedic-led CPR and neurologically intact survival after OHCA. METHODS We assessed 613,251 patients using All-Japan Utstein Registry data from 2011 to 2015 retrospectively. The main outcome measure was 1-month neurologically intact survival after OHCA, defined as Cerebral Performance Category 1 or 2 (CPC 1-2). RESULTS Before propensity score matching, the 1-month CPC 1-2 rate was significantly higher in EMS physician-led CPR than in paramedic-led CPR [5.7% (1114/19,551) vs. 2.5% (14,859/593,700), P < 0.001; adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40-1.61]. After propensity score matching, EMS physician-led CPR showed more favourable neurological outcomes than paramedic-led CPR [6.0% (996/16,612) vs. 4.6% (766/16,612), P < 0.001; aOR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.29-1.60]. In most subgroup analyses after matching, physician-led CPR had higher 1-month CPC 1-2 rates than paramedic-led CPR did; however, 1-month CPC 1-2 rates were similar between the two CPR configurations for patients aged <18 years (5.6% vs. 8.2%, P = 0.10; aOR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.46-1.47) and those who received bystander defibrillation (26.3% vs. 21.5%; P = 0.10; aOR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.74-1.53). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this retrospective observational research, EMS physician-led CPR for OHCA was associated with improved 1-month neurologically intact survival compared with paramedic-led CPR. However, neurologically intact survival was similar for patients aged <18 years and those receiving bystander defibrillation.
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von Vopelius‐Feldt J, Brandling J, Benger J. Variations in stakeholders' priorities and views on randomisation and funding decisions in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: An exploratory study. Health Sci Rep 2018; 1:e78. [PMID: 30623101 PMCID: PMC6266350 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Prehospital critical care for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a complex and largely unproven intervention. During research to examine this intervention, we noted significant differences in stakeholders' views about research, randomisation, and the funding of prehospital critical care for OHCA. We aimed to answer the following questions: What are stakeholders' priorities for prehospital research? What are stakeholders' views on randomisation of prehospital critical care? How do stakeholders consider allocation of resources in prehospital care? METHODS We undertook an explanatory qualitative framework analysis of interviews and focus group with 5 key stakeholder groups: patients and public, air ambulance charities, ambulance service commissioners, prehospital researchers, and prehospital critical care providers. RESULTS We undertook 3 focus group discussions with a total of 23 participants and 8 interviews with a total of 9 participants. Despite sharing a common appreciation of the concepts of scientific enquiry, fairness, and beneficence, the 5 relevant stakeholder groups displayed divergent views of research and funding strategies regarding the intervention of prehospital critical care for the condition of OHCA. The reasons for this divergence could largely be explained through the different personal experiences and situational contexts of each stakeholder group. Many aspects of the strategies suggested by the stakeholder groups only partially aligned with principles of traditional evidence-based medicine, but were held with strong conviction. DISCUSSION Analysis of the views of 5 stakeholder groups regarding research and the funding of prehospital critical care for OHCA revealed shared values but a variety of different strategies to achieve these. This knowledge can help researchers in similar fields in the planning and presentation of their research, to maximise impact on decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes von Vopelius‐Feldt
- Academic Department of Emergency CareUniversity Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation TrustBristolUK
- Emergency and Critical Care Research, Faculty of Health & Applied SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Janet Brandling
- Emergency and Critical Care Research, Faculty of Health & Applied SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
| | - Jonathan Benger
- Academic Department of Emergency CareUniversity Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation TrustBristolUK
- Emergency and Critical Care Research, Faculty of Health & Applied SciencesUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK
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Kim S, Ahn KO, Jeong S. The effect of team-based CPR on outcomes in out of hospital cardiac arrest patients: A meta-analysis. Am J Emerg Med 2018; 36:248-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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von Vopelius-Feldt J, Brandling J, Benger J. Systematic review of the effectiveness of prehospital critical care following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2017; 114:40-46. [PMID: 28253479 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a priority for modern emergency medical services (EMS) and prehospital research. Advanced life support (ALS) is now the standard of care in most EMS. In some EMS, prehospital critical care providers are also dispatched to attend OHCA. This systematic review presents the evidence for prehospital critical care for OHCA, when compared to standard ALS care. METHODS We searched the following electronic databases: PubMed, EmBASE, CINAHL Plus and AMED (via EBSCO), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, DARE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, NHS Economic Evaluation Database, NIHR Health Technology Assessment Database, Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.gov. Search terms related to cardiac arrest and prehospital critical care. All studies that compared patient-centred outcomes between prehospital critical care and ALS for OHCA were included. RESULTS The review identified six full text publications that matched the inclusion criteria, all of which are observational studies. Three studies showed no benefit from prehospital critical care but were underpowered with sample sizes of 1028-1851. The other three publications showed benefit from prehospital critical care delivered by physicians. However, an imbalance of prognostic factors and hospital treatment in these studies systematically favoured the prehospital critical care group. CONCLUSION Current evidence to support prehospital critical care for OHCA is limited by the logistic difficulties of undertaking high quality research in this area. Further research needs an appropriate sample size with adjustments for confounding factors in observational research design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes von Vopelius-Feldt
- Academic Emergency Department, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Way, BS2 8HW Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Janet Brandling
- Faculty of Health & Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Glenside Campus, BS16 1QY Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Benger
- Academic Emergency Department, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Way, BS2 8HW Bristol, United Kingdom; Emergency Care, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
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von Vopelius-Feldt J, Powell J, Morris R, Benger J. Prehospital critical care for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: An observational study examining survival and a stakeholder-focused cost analysis. BMC Emerg Med 2016; 16:47. [PMID: 27927189 PMCID: PMC5142376 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-016-0109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remain low, despite remarkable efforts to improve care. A number of ambulance services in the United Kingdom (UK) have developed prehospital critical care teams (CCTs) which attend critically ill patients, including OHCA. However, current scientific evidence describing CCTs attending OHCA is sparse and research to date has not demonstrated clear benefits from this model of care. Methods This prospective, observational study will describe the effect of CCTs on survival from OHCA, when compared to advanced-life-support (ALS), the current standard of prehospital care in the UK. In addition, we will describe the association between individual critical care interventions and survival, and also the costs of CCTs for OHCA. To examine the effect of CCTs on survival from OHCA, we will use routine Utstein variables data already collected in a number of UK ambulance trusts. We will use propensity score matching to adjust for imbalances between the CCT and ALS groups. The primary outcome will be survival to hospital discharge, with the secondary outcome of survival to hospital admission. We will record the critical care interventions delivered during CCT attendance at OHCA. We will describe frequencies and aim to use multiple logistic regression to examine possible associations with survival. Finally, we will undertake a stakeholder-focused cost analysis of CCTs for OHCA. This will utilise a previously published Emergency Medical Services (EMS) cost analysis toolkit and will take into account the costs incurred from use of a helicopter and the proportion of these costs currently covered by charities in the UK. Discussion Prehospital critical care for OHCA is not universally available in many EMS. In the UK, it is variable and largely funded through public donations to charities. If this study demonstrates benefit from CCTs at an acceptable cost to the public or EMS commissioners, it will provide a rationale to increase funding and service provision. If no clinical benefit is found, the public and charities providing these services can consider concentrating their efforts on other areas of prehospital care. Trial registration ISRCTN registry ID ISRCTN18375201.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes von Vopelius-Feldt
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol, BS16 1DD, UK. .,Academic Department of Emergency Care, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Way, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK.
| | - Jane Powell
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol, BS16 1DD, UK
| | - Richard Morris
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Jonathan Benger
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol, BS16 1DD, UK.,Academic Department of Emergency Care, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Way, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
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von Vopelius-Feldt J, Benger JR. Should physicians attend out-of-hospital cardiac arrests? Resuscitation 2016; 108:A6-A7. [PMID: 27616583 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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