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Maw KJ, Beattie G, Burns EJ. Cognitive strengths in neurodevelopmental disorders, conditions and differences: A critical review. Neuropsychologia 2024; 197:108850. [PMID: 38467371 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders are traditionally characterised by a range of associated cognitive impairments in, for example, sensory processing, facial recognition, visual imagery, attention, and coordination. In this critical review, we propose a major reframing, highlighting the variety of unique cognitive strengths that people with neurodevelopmental differences can exhibit. These include enhanced visual perception, strong spatial, auditory, and semantic memory, superior empathy and theory of mind, along with higher levels of divergent thinking. Whilst we acknowledge the heterogeneity of cognitive profiles in neurodevelopmental conditions, we present a more encouraging and affirmative perspective of these groups, contrasting with the predominant, deficit-based position prevalent throughout both cognitive and neuropsychological research. In addition, we provide a theoretical basis and rationale for these cognitive strengths, arguing for the critical role of hereditability, behavioural adaptation, neuronal-recycling, and we draw on psychopharmacological and social explanations. We present a table of potential strengths across conditions and invite researchers to systematically investigate these in their future work. This should help reduce the stigma around neurodiversity, instead promoting greater social inclusion and significant societal benefits.
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Inacio M, Esser P, Weedon BD, Joshi S, Meaney A, Delextrat A, Springett D, Kemp S, Ward T, Izadi H, Johansen-Berg H, Dawes H. Learning a novel rhythmic stepping task in children with probable developmental coordination disorder. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2023; 102:105904. [PMID: 36764101 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2023.105904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder affects approximately 6% of children, interfering with participation in physical activity and can persist through adulthood. However, no studies have investigated the neuromotor mechanisms of learning of a novel task with rhythmic cueing. METHODS Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd edition was used to identify 48 children with probable developmental coordination disorder (13.9 ± 0.05 yrs., 27% male) and 37 typically developed (13.9 ± 0.10 yrs., 54% male). While instrumented with an inertial measurement unit, both groups performed a novel rhythmic stepping task and with a concurrent auditory stroop test (dual-task), underwent seven weeks of intervention with step training with rhythmic cuing and were tested for retention five weeks post-intervention. FINDINGS Initially, the group with probable developmental coordination disorder had a higher variability of step timing (coefficient of variation: 0.08 ± 0.003-typically developed - 0.09 ± 0.004-probable developmental coordination disorder, p < 0.05) and a frequency of peak power spectral density further from the target 0.5 Hz (0.50 ± 0.002 Hz-typically developed - 0.51 ± 0.003 Hz-probable developmental coordination disorder, p < 0.05), and were more affected by the dual-task: power spectral density at 0.5 Hz (-7.2 ± 3.3%-typically developed - -13.4 ± 4.6%- prob_DCD, p < 0.05) and stroop test errors (6.4 ± 1.1%-typically developed - -11.1 ± 2.4%- probable developmental coordination disorder, p < 0.05). The intervention led to similar improvements in both groups in coefficient of variation of step timing (0.12 ± 0.01-Pre - 0.07 ± 0.002-Post, p < 0.05), frequency of the peak power spectral density (0.51 ± 0.005 Hz-Pre - 0.50 ± 0.001 Hz-Post, p < 0.05) and relative power spectral density bandpower (3.2 ± 0.2%-Pre - 5.9 ± 0.3%-Post, p < 0.05). All improvements were retained after five weeks post-training. INTERPRETATION Rhythmic cueing shows strong promise for enhancing motor learning in children with probable developmental coordination disorder. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with reference: NCT03150784.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Inacio
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK; University of Maia, Maia, Portugal; Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Patrick Esser
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin David Weedon
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Shawn Joshi
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK; School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andy Meaney
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Anne Delextrat
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniella Springett
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Steve Kemp
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Tomas Ward
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, School of Computing, Dublin City University, Ireland
| | - Hooshang Izadi
- School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen Dawes
- Centre for Movement, Occupation and Rehabilitation Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK; NIHR Exeter Biomedical Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, UK
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Pinero-Pinto E, Romero-Galisteo RP, Sánchez-González MC, Escobio-Prieto I, Luque-Moreno C, Palomo-Carrión R. Motor Skills and Visual Deficits in Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247447. [PMID: 36556062 PMCID: PMC9784736 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a developmental disorder in which numerous comorbidities seem to coexist, such as motor and visual impairment and some executive functions; Methods: A narrative review on motor and visual deficits in children with DCD was carried out; Results and Discussion: Fine and gross motor skills are affected in children with DCD. In addition, they seem to be related to visual deficits, such as difficulty in visual perception, sensory processing and visual memory. Limitations have also been found in accommodation. Interventions in children with DCD should be aimed at improving both aspects, since vision affects motor skills and vice versa; Conclusions: In children with DCD, who present a marked deficit in global shape processing, it causes an association between deficiencies in visual perception and motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pinero-Pinto
- Department of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Rita Pilar Romero-Galisteo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Science Health, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Isabel Escobio-Prieto
- Department of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos Luque-Moreno
- Department of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Palomo-Carrión
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
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Subara-Zukic E, Cole MH, McGuckian TB, Steenbergen B, Green D, Smits-Engelsman BCM, Lust JM, Abdollahipour R, Domellöf E, Deconinck FJA, Blank R, Wilson PH. Behavioral and Neuroimaging Research on Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): A Combined Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Recent Findings. Front Psychol 2022; 13:809455. [PMID: 35153960 PMCID: PMC8829815 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.809455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The neurocognitive basis of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD; or motor clumsiness) remains an issue of continued debate. This combined systematic review and meta-analysis provides a synthesis of recent experimental studies on the motor control, cognitive, and neural underpinnings of DCD. METHODS The review included all published work conducted since September 2016 and up to April 2021. One-hundred papers with a DCD-Control comparison were included, with 1,374 effect sizes entered into a multi-level meta-analysis. RESULTS The most profound deficits were shown in: voluntary gaze control during movement; cognitive-motor integration; practice-/context-dependent motor learning; internal modeling; more variable movement kinematics/kinetics; larger safety margins when locomoting, and atypical neural structure and function across sensori-motor and prefrontal regions. INTERPRETATION Taken together, these results on DCD suggest fundamental deficits in visual-motor mapping and cognitive-motor integration, and abnormal maturation of motor networks, but also areas of pragmatic compensation for motor control deficits. Implications for current theory, future research, and evidence-based practice are discussed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42020185444.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Subara-Zukic
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael H. Cole
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas B. McGuckian
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Department of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Dido Green
- Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Bouwien CM Smits-Engelsman
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jessica M. Lust
- Department of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Reza Abdollahipour
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Erik Domellöf
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Rainer Blank
- Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Klinik für Kinderneurologie und Sozialpädiatrie, Kinderzentrum Maulbronn gGmbH, Maulbronn, Germany
| | - Peter H. Wilson
- Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Warlop G, Vansteenkiste P, Lenoir M, Deconinck FJA. Young Adults With Developmental Coordination Disorder Adopt a Different Visual Strategy During a Hazard Perception Test for Cyclists. Front Psychol 2021; 12:665189. [PMID: 33935926 PMCID: PMC8079720 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.665189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cycling in traffic requires a combination of motor and perceptual skills while interacting with a dynamic and fast-changing environment. The inferior perceptual-motor skills in individuals with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) may put them at a higher risk for accidents. A key skill to navigate in traffic is to quickly detect hazardous situations. This perceptual-cognitive skill was investigated in young adults with DCD using simulated traffic situations in a hazard perception test in cycling. Nine individuals with DCD (age: 23.0 ± 3.8) and nine typically developing (TD) individuals (age: 24.6 ± 3.5) participated in the study and completed the test while their gaze was tracked using a remote eye tracking device. A questionnaire was used to determine cycling experience and the perception of cycling and anticipation skill in traffic. Despite a longer period to master the motor skill of cycling, individuals with DCD reported to be able to safely cycle in traffic around the same age as TD young adults. In the hazard perception test, individuals with DCD fixated the hazards later, less frequently and for a shorter duration than the TD participants, however, the participants with DCD did not wait longer to react to the hazard than the TD participants. Interestingly, individuals with DCD rated the traffic situations in the test as significantly more dangerous than the TD participants. In conclusion, the differences exposed in the hazard perception test may imply an increased risk of accidents in individuals with DCD. In further research and practice it is recommended that both the motor and the perceptual aspects of cycling are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griet Warlop
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Matthieu Lenoir
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Jaikaew R, Satiansukpong N. Movement performance and movement difficulties in typical school-aged children. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249401. [PMID: 33831074 PMCID: PMC8031441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is an impairment of executive motor skills. Children aged 7–10 years gradually develop effective movement that enables smooth performance in various daily self-care, academic and sport activities. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition-Age Band 2, (MABC2-AB2), which is a western standardized test, could be used in Thai children for differentiating between movement performance and movement difficulties. Method Three hundred and sixty typical Thai children aged 7–10 years old were recruited from three primary schools in Chiang Mai district, Thailand. The participants were divided into four age groups and tested using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Second Edition-Age Band 2-Thai version (MABC2-AB2-T). Results Manual Dexterity, Aiming and Catching, and Balance rose with age increment. Older participants had better movement performance than younger ones. The results showed that 91.11 percent of the participants had typical movement, while 3.61 and 5.28 percent of them had movement difficulty and movement at risk, respectively. In addition, three test items: Drawing Trail, Walking Heel to Toe Forward, and Hopping on Mats had a ceiling effect when used for Thai children. Conclusion The MABC2-AB2-T could be used to assess movement performance and movement difficulties in Thai children. About 9 percent of typical Thai children aged 7–10 years old needed early intervention. Administration of the three test items may need to be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujira Jaikaew
- Master Student, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nuntanee Satiansukpong
- Associate Professor, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Bellocchi S, Ducrot S, Tallet J, Jucla M, Jover M. Effect of comorbid developmental dyslexia on oculomotor behavior in children with developmental coordination disorder: A study with the Developmental Eye Movement test. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 76:102764. [PMID: 33548568 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies have suggested a dysfunction in oculomotor skills in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). It has been proposed that the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test is useful in testing the dyslexics' (DD) oculomotor behavior during reading, in a simple and indirect manner. The present study aimed at exploring the oculomotor behavior in children with DCD as assessed with the DEM test. We thus compared children with DCD to children with DD and to children with both DCD and DD in order to investigate the specificity of the oculomotor difficulties, as measured by the DEM test. Results showed that 1) children with DCD presented mild atypical performance at the DEM test (error z-score only), 2) children with DD presented particularly poor performance at the DEM test, and 3) the co-morbid condition (DCD + DD) did not add to the severity of atypical performance at the DEM test. In sum, children with DCD were the less affected according to the DEM test, and children with DD (isolated or comorbid) presented the most atypical performance. Results at the DEM test did not allow to highlight clear oculomotor atypicalities in DCD. We thus concluded that more research using eye-tracking techniques is needed to explore the nature of oculomotor atypicalities in DCD children, to distinguish DD and DCD oculomotor behavior, and to understand the profile of children with dual diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Bellocchi
- Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPSYLON EA 4556, F34000 Montpellier, France.
| | | | - Jessica Tallet
- ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, France
| | | | - Marianne Jover
- Aix Marseille University, PSYCLE, Aix-en-Provence, France
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Derikx DFAA, Schoemaker MM. The nature of coordination and control problems in children with developmental coordination disorder during ball catching: A systematic review. Hum Mov Sci 2020; 74:102688. [PMID: 33049460 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2020.102688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to examine what is presently known about the nature of motor coordination and control problems in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) during ball catching and to provide directions for future research. A systematic literature search was conducted using four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science), which identified 15 eligible studies. The results of the included studies were discussed, structured around the target population characteristics, the task used to measure motor coordination and control aspects, and the type of outcome. Children with DCD experience difficulties with both motor coordination and control during ball catching. They have been suggested to apply four compensation strategies to overcome these difficulties: a later initiation of the reaching phase, an earlier initiation of the grasping phase, a higher degree of coupling of the joints both intra- and inter-limb, and fixating the joints. However, despite these compensation strategies, children with DCD still caught fewer balls than typically developing children in all studies. This was especially due to a higher amount of grasping errors, which indicates a problem with the timing of the grasping phase. Directions for future research and practical implications were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar F A A Derikx
- Centre for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, PO Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Marina M Schoemaker
- Centre for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, PO Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, the Netherlands
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Warlop G, Vansteenkiste P, Lenoir M, Deconinck FJA. An exploratory study of gaze behaviour in young adults with developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2020; 73:102656. [PMID: 32800333 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2020.102656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is characterized by substantial difficulties with motor coordination to the extent that it has a clear impact on the daily functioning of those who suffer from the disorder. Laboratory-based research indicated impaired oculomotor control in individuals with DCD. However, it is not clear how these oculomotor problems contribute to control and coordination in daily tasks. This study explored differences and similarities in gaze behaviour during reading and cup stacking between young adults with DCD and their matched typically developing counterparts (TD; aged 20-23 years). Gaze behaviour was recorded using eye-tracking, and hand movements were registered using a digital camera. Results of the reading tasks demonstrated similar behaviour between the groups, apart from a lower number of characters recorded per fixation in the DCD group. In cup stacking, the individuals with DCD were slower than their counterparts when three cups had to be displaced to a central target using the dominant hand. The gaze strategy of individuals with DCD involved systematic fixations on the cup or target prior to the hand movement to that cup or target, whereas these alternating saccades between cup and target were less obvious in the TD group. In the bimanual stacking task, where a pyramid of six cups had to be built on a central target using both hands, both groups mainly fixated the central target for the whole duration of the task, without distinct differences in gaze behaviour and duration of performance between individuals with and those without DCD. In conclusion, gaze behaviour of young adults with DCD shows differences from that of their typically developing counterparts that may be related to underlying oculomotor deficits in some but not all daily tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griet Warlop
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Pieter Vansteenkiste
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Lenoir
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederik J A Deconinck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Engel-Yeger B. The role of poor motor coordination in predicting adults' health related quality of life. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 103:103686. [PMID: 32417632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and its functional restrictions may persist into adulthood. Nevertheless, the knowledge about DCD in adulthood and its association with health related quality of life (HRQOL) is limited. AIMS To explore how individuals with suspected DCD experience DCD impacts as children and as adults and how these experiences predict their HRQOL. METHODS Participants were 200 healthy individuals aged 20-64 (mean 32.66 ± 11.51): 18 with suspected DCD and 182 with normal motor performance (according to the Adult Developmental Coordination Disorder/Dyspraxia, ADC, Checklist cut-off score). Participants completed a sociodemographic/health questionnaire, the ADC and the WHOQOL-BREF which measures physical, psychological, social and environmental HRQOL. RESULTS The group with suspected DCD had significantly lower HRQOL (except for the physical domain). In the general sample, current feelings about the individual's performance predicted all HRQOL domains. Among the study group, HRQOL was predicted by current perception of performance and difficulties experienced as a child. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The negative effects of DCD during childhood and adulthood may reduce adults' HRQOL, mainly in the psycho-social and environmental domains. The detailed profile provided by the ADC with its functional context may assist in evaluating DCD in adults and in tailoring intervention for improving HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batya Engel-Yeger
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Aba Hushi, 199, Mount Carmel, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.
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Cavalcante Neto JL, Steenbergen B, Zamunér AR, Tudella E. Wii training versus non-Wii task-specific training on motor learning in children with developmental coordination disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2020; 64:101390. [PMID: 32445975 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wii-based interventions have shown significant benefits in motor learning for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD); however, studies comparing the effects of Wii interventions versus matched non-Wii interventions, such as task-specific training (TST), are scarce. OBJECTIVE We compared motor learning in children with DCD who participated in 12 sessions of Wii-based training and those participating in 12 closely matched non-Wii TST sessions as well as when the highest improvements in performance occurred. METHODS In total, 32 children with DCD (16 per group) were randomly allocated to receive the Wii intervention or TST during 12 sessions. Motor learning was assessed in 3 consecutive phases during the intervention and was determined by the mean of the games scores obtained in the: (1) first 4 sessions, (2) intermediate 4 sessions, and (3) last 4 sessions. Six different tasks (table tennis, frisbee, archery, bowling, tightrope walking/balance beam, and marble balance/balance disc) were performed in every session. Each session lasted 42min (time on task). RESULTS Wii training and TST elicited improvements in motor learning, as assessed by increased scores with the frisbee and marble balance/balance disc tasks. However, Wii training elicited better performance in the archery and bowling tasks, whereas only TST elicited improvements in the balance beam and table tennis tasks. CONCLUSION Wii training is not always superior to non-Wii training, and improvements are based on the type of task trained. Thus, each type of intervention benefits a certain skill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lopes Cavalcante Neto
- Department of physical therapy, universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of human sciences, universidade do Estado da Bahia, Jacobina, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Bert Steenbergen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud university, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eloisa Tudella
- Department of physical therapy, universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Warlop G, Vansteenkiste P, Lenoir M, Van Causenbroeck J, Deconinck FJA. Gaze behaviour during walking in young adults with developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2020; 71:102616. [PMID: 32452432 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2020.102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) experience difficulty with motor coordination and this affects their daily functioning. Research indicated inferior visuospatial processing and oculomotor control in DCD. As visual information is essential for locomotor control, more insight in the gaze behaviour of this population during walking is required and crucial for gaze training interventions as a possible means to improve daily functioning of children and adults with DCD. AIM This study explored differences and similarities in gaze behaviour during walking between typically developing young adults and those with DCD. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Ten young adults with DCD (age: 22.13 ± 0.64) and ten typically developing individuals (age: 22.00 ± 1.05) completed a walking task in which they had to place their feet on irregularly placed targets wearing eye tracking glasses. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Individuals with DCD walked slower and demonstrated a different gaze strategy compared to their neurotypical peers as they fixated almost each and every target sequentially. Typically developing individuals, on the other hand, directed gaze further along the path and often fixated areas around the targets. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Despite adequate walking performance in daily situations in young adults with DCD, fundamental control deficits persist into adulthood. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS?: This paper is the first to demonstrate differences in gaze behaviour between young adults with DCD and typically developing individuals in a task that resembles a task of daily living, as previous research focused on laboratory tasks. This is a valuable finding as DCD has a clear impact on the daily life. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that the fundamental control deficits of DCD persist into adulthood despite frequent performance and practice of these daily tasks. Lastly, these findings might contribute to the therapeutic potential of gaze training interventions to improve the daily functioning of children and adults with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griet Warlop
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Pieter Vansteenkiste
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Lenoir
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Van Causenbroeck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederik J A Deconinck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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