The construction and application of lentiviral overexpression vector of goat miR-204 in testis

Seasonal patterns of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in the testes of plateau zokors (Eospalax baileyi)

The gonads of seasonal breeding animals undergo periodic annual changes in morphology, physiological hormones, and gene expression levels. To clarify the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in the seasonal testicular development and spermatogenesis of plateau zokors, the miRNA expression profiles in their testicles during breeding and non-breeding seasons were analyzed. In total, 447 miRNAs, including 366, 81, and 167 known, novel, and differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs, respectively, were determined in the testes. Compared to the non-breeding season, 90 DE miRNAs were upregulated and 77 DE miRNAs were downregulated during the breeding season. By analysing the miRNA and mRNA expression profiles, we predicted 2096 significant target mRNAs. According to the miRNA-mRNA interaction network, target mRNAs with DE miRNAs were related to testicular development and spermatogenesis. GO indicated that target mRNAs were enriched in spermatogenesis, cell differentiation, multicellular biological development, and flagellated sperm movement and were associated with regulating testicular development and spermatogenesis. KEGG suggested that target mRNAs were enriched in lipid and fructose metabolism and provided energy and material for spermatogenesis. The target mRNA of rno-miR-24-3p was determined to be Polyubiquitin-B (UBB). Our results provide a reference for revealing the mechanism by which miRNAs regulate testicular development and spermatogenesis in plateau zokors, which has important implications for understanding the regulation of seasonal reproduction in animals.

Recent Progress of In Vitro 3D Culture of Male Germ Stem Cells

Male germline stem cells (mGSCs), also known as spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), are the fundamental seed cells of male animal reproductive physiology. However, environmental influences, drugs, and harmful substances often pose challenges to SSCs, such as population reduction and quality decline. With advancements in bioengineering technology and biomaterial technology, an increasing number of novel cell culture methods and techniques have been employed for studying the proliferation and differentiation of SSCs in vitro. This paper provides a review on recent progress in 3D culture techniques for SSCs in vitro; we summarize the microenvironment of SSCs and spermatocyte development, with a focus on scaffold-based culture methods and 3D printing cell culture techniques for SSCs. Additionally, decellularized testicular matrix (DTM) and other biological substrates are utilized through various combinations and approaches to construct an in vitro culture microenvironment suitable for SSC growth. Finally, we present some perspectives on current research trends and potential opportunities within three areas: the 3D printing niche environment, alternative options to DTM utilization, and advancement of the in vitro SSC culture technology system.

Overexpression of SERPINA3 suppresses tumor progression by modulating SPOP/NF‑κB in lung cancer

The pathogenesis mechanism of lung cancer is very complex, with high incidence and mortality. Serpin family A member 3 (SERPINA3) expression levels were reduced in the sera of patients with lung cancer and may be a candidate diagnostic and prognostic survival biomarker in lung cancer, as previously reported. However, the detailed biological functions of SERPINA3 in the pathogenesis of lung cancer remain unknown. In the present study, it was aimed to explore the effects of SERPINA3 on the occurrence of lung cancer. SERPINA3 expression was assessed using bioinformatics database analysis and experimental detection. Then, the biological effects of SERPINA3 were investigated in a cell culture system and a xenograft model of human lung cancer. The potential regulatory mechanism of SERPINA3 in lung cancer was explored by data‑independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA‑MS) detection and further validated by western blotting (WB). The results indicated that SERPINA3 expression levels were significantly downregulated in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. At the cellular level, it was revealed that overexpressed SERPINA3 inhibited cell growth, proliferation, migration and invasion and promoted the apoptosis of lung cancer cells. Moreover, overexpressed SERPINA3 enhanced the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to osimertinib. In vivo, a xenograft model of human lung cancer was established with BALB/c nude mice. After the injection of A549 cells, the tumor growth of the tumor‑bearing mice in the SERPINA3‑overexpressing group increased more slowly, and the tumor volume was smaller than that in the empty‑vector group. Mechanistically, a total of 65 differentially expressed proteins were identified. It was found that the speckle‑type POZ protein (SPOP) was significantly upregulated in SERPINA3‑overexpressing H157 cells using DIA‑MS detection and analysis. WB validation showed that SPOP expression increased, and NF‑kappaB (NF‑κB) p65 was inhibited in cell lines and tumor tissues of mice when SERPINA3 was overexpressed. The present findings suggest that SERPINA3 is involved in the development of lung cancer and has an antineoplastic role in lung cancer.

Mir-204 Regulates LPS-Induced A549 Cell Damage by Targeting FOXK2

Objective

To assess whether miR-204 and HA affect A549 cell injury induced by lipopolysaccharide. Material and Methods. A549 cells were treated with hirsutanol A, and cell damage was induced by LPS followed by analysis of cell proliferation by CCK-8, cell apoptosis by flow cytometry, apoptosis-related protein expression by western blot, downstream target of miR-20 by dual-luciferase reporter gene, and inflammatory factors by ELISA and PCR.

Results

LPS can significantly inhibit the viability of A549 cells, induce cell apoptosis, and promote the release of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, while HA pretreatment can target FOXK2 by upregulating miR-204 levels, thereby alleviating apoptosis and promoting cell viability and at the same time inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB.

Conclusions

miR-204 participates in the protection of HA acute lung injury by targeting FOXK2.