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Zhou Y, Liao C, Shih K, Tan GYA, Su M. Incorporation of lead into pyromorphite: Effect of anion replacement on lead stabilization. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 143:232-241. [PMID: 35286968 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrate that the leaching of heavy metals in unreliable waste forms causes serious environmental pollution and health concerns. Thus, research is focused on identifying an effective, safe strategy for disposing of metal-laden solid waste such as lead (Pb). This study evaluated the effect of anion replacement in the structure of pyromorphite (Pb10(PO4)6Cl2, a common mineral phase for Pb sequestering) on Pb stabilization. Phosphate (PO43-) at the tetrahedral pyromorphite site was simultaneously replaced by silicate (SiO44-) and sulphate (SO42-) in a controlled thermal treatment. The lattice expanded with the incorporation of additional SiO44- and SO42-. Furthermore, the unit cell parameters of the solid solutions evolved linearly with an increase in the substitution degree (x in Pb10(SiO4)x(SO4)x(PO4)(6-2x)Cl2). This research also demonstrated that Pb distributed into amorphous in a PO43--deficient matrix, while asisite (Pb7SiO8Cl2) was formed when the matrix was dominated by SiO44- and SO42-. The leaching results showed the isomorphous substitution in the target system rendered the products less durable towards acidic attack. Moreover, the fully isomorphous-substituted product (x = 3) showed more than two orders of magnitude lower leaching resistance than the PO43--rich phase (x = 0). The lattice expansion, resulting from the isomorphous substitution, suggested that a lower dissolution energy was required in a PO43--deficient matrix. The leaching kinetics pointed to a product with a lower apparent activation energy in the leaching process. The findings of this study provide unique insight into the design and optimization of waste forms for the immobilization of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, HKSAR, China; Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Changzhong Liao
- Key Laboratory of New Processing for Nonferrous Metal and Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kaimin Shih
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, HKSAR, China.
| | - Giin-Yu Amy Tan
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, HKSAR, China
| | - Minhua Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Vibrational spectroscopic study of synthetic analogs of schultenite PbHAsO4–“phosphoschultenite” PbHPO4 solid solution series. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lempart M, Manecki M, Kwaśniak-Kominek M, Matusik J, Bajda T. Accommodation of the carbonate ion in lead hydroxyl arsenate (hydroxylmimetite) Pb5(AsO4)3OH. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sasaki K, Hayashi Y, Toshiyuki K, Guo B. Simultaneous immobilization of borate, arsenate, and silicate from geothermal water derived from mining activity by co-precipitation with hydroxyapatite. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 207:139-146. [PMID: 29793025 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of the geothermal water discharged through mining activity is a critical issue because the rate of discharge is 12,000 m3 per day and the discharge contains high concentrations of borate (>20 mg/L) and arsenate (ca. 0.4 mg/L) as well as silicate and carbonate. The simultaneous reduction of borate and arsenate concentrations to acceptable levels was successfully performed by co-precipitation with hydroxyapatite (HAp). Although the coexisting high concentrations of carbonate act as a disturbing element, the co-precipitation equilibrium of borate was shifted to lower values by adjusting the P/Ca molar ratio, and the removal rate of borate was accelerated by using Al3+ additives, resulting in the efficient reduction of borate within 1 h. The initially immobilized boron in HAp is in the tetragonal form, which probably occupies the hydroxyl sites in HAp, gradually transforming into the trigonal form in the solid state, as interpreted by 1H NMR and 11B-NMR. The coexisting silicate was also immobilized in an ellestadite form, as confirmed by 29Si-NMR measurements. Arsenate and silicate were immobilized before borate in geothermal water. A dissolution assay of borate in the solid residues after co-precipitation with HAp verified the acceptable stability of borate, which is independent of the amount of added Al3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Earth Resource Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Hayashi
- Department of Earth Resource Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kenta Toshiyuki
- Department of Earth Resource Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Binglin Guo
- Department of Earth Resource Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Transition from Endothermic to Exothermic Dissolution of Hydroxyapatite Ca5(PO4)3OH–Johnbaumite Ca5(AsO4)3OH Solid Solution Series at Temperatures Ranging from 5 to 65 °C. MINERALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/min8070281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Solecka U, Bajda T, Topolska J, Zelek-Pogudz S, Manecki M. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study of pyromorphite-vanadinite solid solutions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 190:96-103. [PMID: 28917163 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the great range of the application fields for apatites, there is a strong need to complete the data set determining the properties of these minerals. In this study, Raman and Infrared spectra of the phases from pyromorphite Pb5(PO4)3Cl - vanadinite Pb5(VO4)3Cl series were investigated. Totally, 9 samples (2 end-members and 7 solid solutions of the series) were synthesized at 25°C and pH=3.5, and analyzed. In the Raman and Infrared spectra of the studied Pb-apatites, the bands typical for the vibrations in the PO4 and the VO4 tetrahedra appeared. The bands attributed to the stretching vibrations (ν1, ν3) occurred in the 1050-910cm-1 and 830-720cm-1 regions, whereas the bending vibrations (ν2, ν4) were visible at the 580-540cm-1, 430-380cm-1 and 370-290cm-1 range. The position of the bands depended on the P/(P+V) ratio in the analyzed solid, since there are differences in the ionic radii and the atomic mass of P5+ and V5+, which affect the bong lengths, bond forces and the banding energies of the substituting tetrahedra. The analysis allowed observing gradual shifts of the bands caused by the replacement of phosphorous with vanadium in the studied phases. The positions and the intensities of selected bands are proposed to serve as a semi-quantitative estimation of the chemical composition of the phases from the pyromorphite - vanadinite series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Solecka
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, Mickiewicza 30 Ave., 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Bajda
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, Mickiewicza 30 Ave., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Topolska
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, Mickiewicza 30 Ave., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Zelek-Pogudz
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, Mickiewicza 30 Ave., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Manecki
- AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, Mickiewicza 30 Ave., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Kwaśniak-Kominek M, Manecki M, Matusik J, Lempart M. Carbonate substitution in lead hydroxyapatite Pb5(PO4)3OH. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.06.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Characterization, Dissolution, and Solubility of Zn-Substituted Hydroxylapatites [(Zn xCa 1−x) 5(PO 4) 3OH] at 25°C. J CHEM-NY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/4619159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of Zn-substituted hydroxylapatites [(ZnxCa1−x)5(PO4)3OH, Zn-Ca-HA] with the Zn/(Zn + Ca) molar ratio (XZn) of 0~0.16 was prepared and characterized, and then the dissolution of the synthesized solids in aqueous solution was investigated by batch experiment. The results indicated that the aqueous zinc, calcium, and phosphate concentrations greatly depended on the Zn/(Zn + Ca) molar ratio of the Zn-Ca-HA solids (XZn). For the Zn-Ca-HA dissolution at 25°C with an initial pH of 2.00, the final solution pH increased, while the final solution calcium and phosphate concentrations decreased with the increasing XZn. The final solution zinc concentrations increased with the increasing XZn when XZn≤0.08 and decreased with the increasing XZn when XZn = 0.08~0.16. The mean Ksp values for (ZnxCa1−x)5(PO4)3OH at 25°C decreased from 10−57.75 to 10−58.59 with the increasing XZn from 0.00 to 0.08 and then increased from 10–58.59 to 10–56.63 with the increasing XZn from 0.08 to 0.16. This tendency was consistent with the dependency of the lattice parameter a on XZn. The corresponding free energies of formation (ΔGfo) increased lineally from −6310.45 kJ/mol to −5979.39 kJ/mol with the increasing XZn from 0.00 to 0.16.
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Zhu Y, Huang B, Zhu Z, Liu H, Huang Y, Zhao X, Liang M. Characterization, dissolution and solubility of the hydroxypyromorphite-hydroxyapatite solid solution [(PbxCa1-x)5(PO4)3OH] at 25 °C and pH 2-9. GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS 2016; 17:2. [PMID: 27158243 PMCID: PMC4858909 DOI: 10.1186/s12932-016-0034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between Ca-HAP and Pb(2+) solution can result in the formation of a hydroxyapatite-hydroxypyromorphite solid solution [(PbxCa1-x)5(PO4)3(OH)], which can greatly affect the transport and distribution of toxic Pb in water, rock and soil. Therefore, it's necessary to know the physicochemical properties of (PbxCa1-x)5(PO4)3(OH), predominantly its thermodynamic solubility and stability in aqueous solution. Nevertheless, no experiment on the dissolution and related thermodynamic data has been reported. RESULTS Dissolution of the hydroxypyromorphite-hydroxyapatite solid solution [(PbxCa1-x)5(PO4)3(OH)] in aqueous solution at 25 °C was experimentally studied. The aqueous concentrations were greatly affected by the Pb/(Pb + Ca) molar ratios (XPb) of the solids. For the solids with high XPb [(Pb0.89Ca0.11)5(PO4)3OH], the aqueous Pb(2+) concentrations increased rapidly with time and reached a peak value after 240-720 h dissolution, and then decreased gradually and reached a stable state after 5040 h dissolution. For the solids with low XPb (0.00-0.80), the aqueous Pb(2+) concentrations increased quickly with time and reached a peak value after 1-12 h dissolution, and then decreased gradually and attained a stable state after 720-2160 h dissolution. CONCLUSIONS The dissolution process of the solids with high XPb (0.89-1.00) was different from that of the solids with low XPb (0.00-0.80). The average K sp values were estimated to be 10(-80.77±0.20) (10(-80.57)-10(-80.96)) for hydroxypyromorphite [Pb5(PO4)3OH] and 10(-58.38±0.07) (10(-58.31)-10(-58.46)) for calcium hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3OH]. The Gibbs free energies of formation (ΔG f (o) ) were determined to be -3796.71 and -6314.63 kJ/mol, respectively. The solubility decreased with the increasing Pb/(Pb + Ca) molar ratios (XPb) of (PbxCa1‒x)5(PO4)3(OH). For the dissolution at 25 °C with an initial pH of 2.00, the experimental data plotted on the Lippmann diagram showed that the solid solution (PbxCa1-x)5(PO4)3(OH) dissolved stoichiometrically at the early stage of dissolution and moved gradually up to the Lippmann solutus curve and the saturation curve for Pb5(PO4)3OH, and then the data points moved along the Lippmann solutus curve from right to left. The Pb-rich (PbxCa1-x)5(PO4)3(OH) was in equilibrium with the Ca-rich aqueous solution. Graphical abstractLippmann diagrams for dissolution of the hydroxypyromorphite-hydroxyapatite solid solution [(PbxCa1-x)5(PO4)3OH] at 25 ˚C and an initial pH of 2.00.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinian Zhu
- />College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Huang
- />College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongqiang Zhu
- />College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huili Liu
- />College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Huang
- />College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- />College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 People’s Republic of China
| | - Meina Liang
- />College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004 People’s Republic of China
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