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Wu M, Liu H, Zhang Y, Li B, Zhu T, Sun M. Physiology and transcriptome analysis of the response mechanism of Solidago canadensis to the nitrogen addition environment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1005023. [PMID: 36866368 PMCID: PMC9971938 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1005023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Solidago canadensis is an invasive plant that can adapt to variable environmental conditions. To explore the molecular mechanism of the response to nitrogen (N) addition conditions in S. canadensis, physiology and transcriptome analysis were performed with samples that cultured by natural and three N level conditions. Comparative analysis detected many differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including the function of plant growth and development, photosynthesis, antioxidant, sugar metabolism and secondary metabolism pathways. Most genes encoding proteins involved in plant growth, circadian rhythm and photosynthesis were upregulated. Furthermore, secondary metabolism-related genes were specifically expressed among the different groups; for example, most DEGs related to phenol and flavonoid synthesis were downregulated in the N-level environment. Most DEGs related to diterpenoid and monoterpenoid biosynthesis were upregulated. In addition, many physiological responses, such as antioxidant enzyme activities and chlorophyll and soluble sugar contents, were elevated by the N environment, which was consistent with the gene expression levels in each group. Collectively, our observations indicated that S. canadensis may be promoted by N deposition conditions with the alteration of plant growth, secondary metabolism and physiological accumulation.
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Medeiros MB, Cordeiro J, Silva SLL, Salim IH, Reis A, Lacerda TJ, Lobo Seabra EA, Oliveira MF, Moura SP, Santos INR, Bessa L, Fonseca MT, Méndez-Quintero JD, Nero MA, Maciel-Silva AS, Scotti MR. Rehabilitation of eroded trails and gullies on quartzite rock outcrops with native species in a high-altitude grassland. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116569. [PMID: 36356540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The quartzite rock outcrops and the native vegetation of grasslands located at the Serra da Calçada Mountain in Minas Gerais State (Brazil) have been severely degraded by extreme sports activities such as motocross and off-road vehicles, greatly damaging the abundant headwaters. The main consequences thereof were hilly and gully erosion processes with soil loss and the deviation of the water from its original paths. However, currently, there is no report of successful restoration efforts in severely eroded outcrops in Brazilian high-altitude grasslands (campo rupestre). Through the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), we found a high general erosion rate in the study site (669.91 t·ha-1·year-1), and the specific soil loss provoked by off-road vehicles on trails was significantly greater (49 m3 per 100 m2) than that caused by mountain bikes and trekking (5.8 m3 per 100 m2). We performed the physical reconstruction of eroded outcrops and surface water flow paths by allocating locally available quartzite rocks. These rocks were inoculated with different species of bryophytes and planted with native species under two treatments: un-inoculated and inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spores of the Rhizophagus irregularis species. After 2 years, the bryophyte communities showed a similar pattern to the preserved site, and the AMF inoculation favoured plant establishment of most species, especially of the Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Fabaceae, Malpighiaceae, Orchidaceae and Poaceae families. The AMF also improved the soil fertility, highlighting soil P, SOM, CEC, NH4+-N as well as soil water content and water retention capacity. Poaceae family species showed an outstanding occupation, which was considered a functional indicator of rehabilitation success, functioning as a "hydraulic carpet" for water exportation, conduction and drainage across the outcrops. This study provides an eco-technology to restore severely eroded outcrops over headwaters using native species in the Brazilian high-altitude grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juni Cordeiro
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources/ Federal University of MinasGerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Ione H Salim
- Department of Botany /ICB/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Reis
- Department of Botany /ICB/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mateus F Oliveira
- Department of Botany /ICB/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sarah P Moura
- Department of Botany /ICB/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Izabel N R Santos
- Department of Botany /ICB/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laura Bessa
- Department of Botany /ICB/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Antônio Nero
- Department of Cartography/ Institute of Geosciences/ Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Rita Scotti
- Department of Botany /ICB/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Simulated nitrogen deposition induces shifts in growth and resource-use strategies during range expansion of an invasive plant. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Massi KG, Eugênio CUO, Franco AC, Hoffmann WA. The effects of tree cover and soil nutrient addition on native herbaceous richness in a neotropical savanna. Biotropica 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klécia Gili Massi
- Departamento de Ecologia Universidade de Brasília Brasilia Brazil
- Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) São José dos Campos Brazil
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Cross AT, Krueger TA, Gonella PM, Robinson AS, Fleischmann AS. Conservation of carnivorous plants in the age of extinction. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Miola DTB, Ramos VDV, Silveira FAO. A brief history of research in campo rupestre: identifying research priorities and revisiting the geographical distribution of an ancient, widespread Neotropical biome. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Few ecologists and evolutionary biologists are familiar with the ecology and evolution of the campo rupestre, an ancient azonal peinobiome characterized by a fire-prone, nutrient-impoverished, montane vegetation mosaic, home to thousands of endemics and climate refugia. With the goal of providing a synthetic view of the campo rupestre, we provide a brief historical account of the biological research, revisit its geographical distribution and identify knowledge gaps. The azonal campo rupestre is distributed as isolated and naturally fragmented sky islands, mostly in Central and Eastern Brazil and in the Guyana Shield, with significant areas across the Amazon, Cerrado, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga and Pantanal. Our proposal to elevate campo rupestre to the level of biome is expected to improve communication among scientists and consolidate the use of the term campo rupestre in the ecological and evolutionary literature, as is the case for analogous ecosystems, such as kwongan, fynbos, páramos and tepuis. Based on the identification of knowledge gaps, we propose a research programme comprising ten key topics that can foster our understanding of the ecology and evolution of campo rupestre and, potentially, support conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deise T B Miola
- Rua Itaúna 35, Lj 3. Pará de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando A O Silveira
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Nogueira CB, Menéndez E, Ramírez-Bahena MH, Velázquez E, Peix Á, Mateos PF, Scotti MR. The N-fixing legume Periandra mediterranea constrains the invasion of an exotic grass (Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv) by altering soil N cycling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11033. [PMID: 31363104 PMCID: PMC6667476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Melinis minutiflora is an invasive species that threatens the biodiversity of the endemic vegetation of the campo rupestre biome in Brazil, displacing the native vegetation and favouring fire spread. As M. minutiflora invasion has been associated with a high nitrogen (N) demand, we assessed changes in N cycle under four treatments: two treatments with contrasting invasion levels (above and below 50%) and two un-invaded control treatments with native vegetation, in the presence or absence of the leguminous species Periandra mediterranea. This latter species was considered to be the main N source in this site due to its ability to fix N2 in association with Bradyrhizobia species. Soil proteolytic activity was high in treatments with P. mediterranea and in those severely invaded, but not in the first steps of invasion. While ammonium was the N-chemical species dominant in plots with native species, including P.mediterranea, soil nitrate prevailed only in fully invaded plots due to the stimulation of the nitrifying bacterial (AOB) and archaeal (AOA) populations carrying the amoA gene. However, in the presence of P. mediterranea, either in the beginning of the invasion or in uninvaded plots, we observed an inhibition of the nitrifying microbial populations and nitrate formation, suggesting that this is a biotic resistance strategy elicited by P. mediterranea to compete with M. minutiflora. Therefore, the inhibition of proteolytic activity and the nitrification process were the strategies elicited by P.mediterranea to constrain M.munitiflora invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina B Nogueira
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Esther Menéndez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética and Instituto Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- ICAAM (Institute of Mediterranean Agriculture and Environmental Sciences), University of Évora-Núcleo da Mitra, Évora, Portugal
| | | | - Encarna Velázquez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética and Instituto Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Universidad de Salamanca- CSIC 'Interacción Planta-Microorganismo', Salamanca, Spain
| | - Álvaro Peix
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Universidad de Salamanca- CSIC 'Interacción Planta-Microorganismo', Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pedro F Mateos
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética and Instituto Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Universidad de Salamanca- CSIC 'Interacción Planta-Microorganismo', Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria Rita Scotti
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science/Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Babiychuk E, Kushnir S, Vasconcelos S, Dias MC, Carvalho-Filho N, Nunes GL, Dos Santos JF, Tyski L, da Silva DF, Castilho A, Fonseca VLI, Oliveira G. Natural history of the narrow endemics Ipomoea cavalcantei and I. marabaensis from Amazon Canga savannahs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7493. [PMID: 28790327 PMCID: PMC5548896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07398-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Amazon comprises a vast variety of ecosystems, including savannah-like Canga barrens that evolved on iron-lateritic rock plateaus of the Carajás Mountain range. Individual Cangas are enclosed by the rain forest, indicating insular isolation that enables speciation and plant community differentiation. To establish a framework for the research on natural history and conservation management of endemic Canga species, seven chloroplast DNA loci and an ITS2 nuclear DNA locus were used to study natural molecular variation of the red flowered Ipomoea cavalcantei and the lilac flowered I. marabaensis. Partitioning of the nuclear and chloroplast gene alleles strongly suggested that the species share the most recent common ancestor, pointing a new independent event of the red flower origin in the genus. Chloroplast gene allele analysis showed strong genetic differentiation between Canga populations, implying a limited role of seed dispersal in exchange of individuals between Cangas. Closed haplotype network topology indicated a requirement for the paternal inheritance in generation of cytoplasmic genetic variation. Tenfold higher nucleotide diversity in the nuclear ITS2 sequences distinguished I. cavalcantei from I. marabaensis, implying a different pace of evolutionary changes. Thus, Canga ecosystems offer powerful venues for the study of speciation, multitrait adaptation and the origins of genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Babiychuk
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Bairro Nazaré, CEP 66055-090, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Sergei Kushnir
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Bairro Nazaré, CEP 66055-090, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Santelmo Vasconcelos
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Bairro Nazaré, CEP 66055-090, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Mariana Costa Dias
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Bairro Nazaré, CEP 66055-090, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Nelson Carvalho-Filho
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Bairro Nazaré, CEP 66055-090, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Gisele Lopes Nunes
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Bairro Nazaré, CEP 66055-090, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jorge Filipe Dos Santos
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Bairro Nazaré, CEP 66055-090, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Lourival Tyski
- Parque Zoobotânico Vale, VALE S.A., Rod. Raimundo Mascarenhas, Km 26, S/N., Núcleo Urbano de Carajás, CEP 68516 000, Parauapebas, Pará, Brazil
| | - Delmo Fonseca da Silva
- Parque Zoobotânico Vale, VALE S.A., Rod. Raimundo Mascarenhas, Km 26, S/N., Núcleo Urbano de Carajás, CEP 68516 000, Parauapebas, Pará, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Castilho
- VALE S.A., Rua Guamá N°60, Prédio DIFN, Núcleo Urbano de Carajás, CEP: 68516-000, Parauapebas, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Oliveira
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva 955, Bairro Nazaré, CEP 66055-090, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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