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Tian Y, Qi Y, Chen S, Qiao Z, Han H, Chen Z, Wang H, Zhang Y, Chen H, Wang L, Gong X, Chen Y. Hydrogen bond recombination regulated by strongly electronegative functional groups in demulsifiers for efficient separation of oil-water emulsions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132525. [PMID: 37716267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Tight oil extraction and offshore oil spills generate large amounts of oil-water emulsions, causing serious soil and marine pollution. In such oil-water emulsions, the resin molecules are bound by π-π stacking and bind to interfacial water molecules via hydrogen bonds, which impede the aggregation between water droplets and thereby the separation of the emulsion. In this study, strongly electronegative oxygen atoms (in ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, esters, and hydroxyl groups) were introduced through poly(propylene glycol)-block-polyether and esterification with acrylic acid to attract negative charges in order to form electron-rich regions and enhance interfacial hydrogen bond recombination. The potential distribution in the demulsifier molecules and their space occupancy were regulated by the polymerization reaction to destroy the π-π stacking interaction between resin molecules. The results show that the binding energies (binding free energy and hydrogen bonding energy) of oxygen-containing demulsifier molecules with water molecules were higher than those of resin molecules with water molecules, resulting in the fission of the hydrogen bonds between resin and water molecules. The introduction of demulsifier molecules that occupied large interfacial space reduced the binding energy between resin molecules from -2176.06 to -110.00 kJ·mol-1. Noteworthy, the binding energy between demulsifier molecules and resin molecules was -1076.36 kJ·mol-1 lower than that between resin molecules (-110.00 kJ·mol-1), indicating the adsorption of the surrounding interfacial resin molecules by the demulsifier molecules and destruction of the π-π stacking between them, thus favoring the collapse of the interfacial structure of the oil-water emulsion and achieving its separation. This study provides important theoretical support for the treatment of oil-contaminated soil and offshore oil spill pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Tian
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China
| | - Yaming Qi
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China; óDesign branch of PetroChina (Xinjiang) Petroleum Engineering Co., Ltd, Petro China, 834000 Kelamayi, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Sijia Chen
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Daqing Chemical Engineering Research Center, Daqing 163714, PR China
| | - Zhihua Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Hongjing Han
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China.
| | - Zherui Chen
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China
| | - Leilei Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China
| | - Xuzhong Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Yanguang Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Chemical Technology, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China.
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Yang Y, Tian L, Shu J, Wu Q, Liu B. Potential hazards of typical small molecular organic matters in shale gas wastewater for wheat irrigation: 2-butoxyethanol and dimethylbenzylamine. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122729. [PMID: 37858699 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
2-butoxyethanol (BE) and dimethylbenzylamine (DMBA) are small molecular organic compounds commonly found in shale gas wastewater (SGW) and environmental samples, yet their environmental risks in exposure and irrigation reuse have not been thoroughly studied. From the perspectives of physicochemical properties and toxicity, seven groups of irrigation treatment were designed for wheat irrigation according to the concentration gradient. Overall, wheat growth was normal, but higher DMBA concentrations resulted in more severe growth inhibition. The absorption of BE by various tissues of wheat was positively correlated with its concentration, while the absorption of DMBA by wheat stems showed the same trend. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in the absorption of DMBA by wheat grains in different groups. The detection results of nutritional and heavy metal elements in wheat tissues showed that the presence of organic compounds changed the relative sensitivity of wheat leaves and grains to some elements (such as Mg, Mn, Mo, etc.) enrichment. The Cd and Pb contents of wheat grains in all groups complied with national safety standards, but the As or Cr concentration in wheat grains treated with BE or DMBA exceeded the limits in some cases. Transcriptome sequencing, GO annotation, and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed similar gene functions and metabolic pathways enriched by BE and DMBA. The safe and sustainable agricultural reuse of SGW still has great potential as a promising water resources management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, PR China
| | - Lun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, PR China
| | - Jingyu Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, PR China
| | - Qidong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, PR China
| | - Baicang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, PR China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, PR China.
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Sedlacko EM, Heuberger AL, Chaparro JM, Cath TY, Higgins CP. Metabolomics reveals primary response of wheat (Triticum aestivum) to irrigation with oilfield produced water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113547. [PMID: 35660401 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The reuse of oilfield produced water (PW) for agricultural irrigation has received increased attention for utility in drought-stricken regions. It was recently demonstrated that PW irrigation can affect physiological processes in food crops. However, metabolomic evaluations are important to further discern specific mechanisms of how PW may contribute as a plant-environmental stressor. Herein, the primary metabolic responses of wheat irrigated with PW and matching salinity controls were investigated. Non-targeted gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics was combined with multivariate analysis and revealed that PW irrigation altered the primary metabolic profiles of both wheat leaf and grain. Over 600 compounds (183 annotated metabolites) were detected that varied between controls (salinity control and tap water) and PW irrigated plants. While some of these changed metabolites are related to salinity stress, over half were found to be unique to PW. The primary metabolites exhibiting changes in abundance in leaf and grain tissues were amines/amino acids, organic acids, and saccharides. Metabolite pathway analysis revealed that amino acid metabolism, sugar metabolism, and nitrogen remobilization are all impacted by PW irrigation, independent of regular plant responses to salinity stress. These data, when combined with prior physiological studies, support a multi-faceted, physio-metabolic response of wheat to the unique stressor imposed by irrigation with PW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Sedlacko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Adam L Heuberger
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA; Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Jaqueline M Chaparro
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA; Analytical Resources Core - Bioanalysis and Omics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Tzahi Y Cath
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Christopher P Higgins
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
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Jiang W, Xu X, Hall R, Zhang Y, Carroll KC, Ramos F, Engle MA, Lin L, Wang H, Sayer M, Xu P. Datasets associated with the characterization of produced water and Pecos River water in the Permian Basin, the United States. Data Brief 2022; 43:108443. [PMID: 35845093 PMCID: PMC9283875 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2022.108443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The data in this report are associated with “Characterization of Produced Water and Surrounding Surface Water in the Permian Basin, the United States” (Jiang et al. 2022) and include raw data on produced water (PW) quality and Pecos River water quality in the Permian Basin, which is one of the major oil and gas producing areas in the U.S. The data include 46 samples for PW and 10 samples for Pecos River water. The data include wet chemistry, mineral salts, metals, oil and grease, volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, radionuclides, ammonia, hydraulic fracturing additives, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. The PW samples were collected from five different locations in the Permian Basin. Twenty-four of the PW samples and the ten Pecos River samples were analyzed by the authors. The information for the rest of PW samples (22 samples) was provided by industrial collaborators in the Permian Basin. Statistical analyses were performed on the combined data to obtain Mean, Max, Min, 25th percentile, 50th percentile, and 75th percentile of each analyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Jiang
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | - Xuesong Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | - Ryan Hall
- NGL Partners LP, Santa Fe, NM 87501, United States
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | - Kenneth C. Carroll
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Frank Ramos
- Department of Geological Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | - Mark A. Engle
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Resource Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Lu Lin
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | - Huiyao Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
| | | | - Pei Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, United States
- Corresponding author.
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Analysis of Regulatory Framework for Produced Water Management and Reuse in Major Oil- and Gas-Producing Regions in the United States. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14142162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of unconventional oil and gas (O&G) extraction around the world produces a significant amount of wastewater that requires appropriate management and disposal. Produced water (PW) is primarily disposed of through saltwater disposal wells, and other reuse/disposal methods include using PW for hydraulic fracturing, enhanced oil recovery, well drilling, evaporation ponds or seepage pits within the O&G field, and transferring PW offsite for management or reuse. Currently, 1–2% of PW in the U.S. is used outside the O&G field after treatment. With the considerable interest in PW reuse to reduce environmental implications and alleviate regional water scarcity, it is imperative to analyze the current regulatory framework for PW management and reuse. In the U.S., PW is subject to a complex set of federal, state, and sometimes local regulations to address the wide range of PW management, construction, and operation practices. Under the supervision of the U.S. Environment Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), different states have their own regulatory agencies and requirements based on state-specific practices and laws. This study analyzed the regulatory framework in major O&G-producing regions surrounding the management of PW, including relevant laws and jurisdictional illustrations of water rules and responsibilities, water quality standards, and PW disposal and current/potential beneficial reuse up to early 2022. The selected eastern states (based on the 98th meridian designated by the U.S. EPA as a tool to separate discharge permitting) include the Appalachian Basin (Marcellus and Utica shale areas of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and West Virginia), Oklahoma, and Texas; and the western states include California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming. These regions represent different regulations; climates; water quantities; quality diversities; and geologic, geographic, and hydrologic conditions. This review is particularly focused on the water quality standards, reuse practices and scenarios, risks assessment, knowledge gaps, and research needs for the potential reuse of treated PW outside of O&G fields. Given the complexity surrounding PW regulations and rules, this study is intended as preliminary guidance for PW management, and for identifying the knowledge gaps and research needs to reduce the potential impacts of treated PW reuse on the environment and public health. The regulations and experiences learned from these case studies would significantly benefit other states and countries with O&G sources for the protection of their environment and public health.
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