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Liang J, Ji X, Feng X, Su P, Xu W, Zhang Q, Ren Z, Li Y, Zhu Q, Qu G, Liu R. Phthalate acid esters: A review of aquatic environmental occurrence and their interactions with plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134187. [PMID: 38574659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The increasing use of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in various applications has inevitably led to their widespread presence in the aquatic environment. This presents a considerable threat to plants. However, the interactions between PAEs and plants in the aquatic environment have not yet been comprehensively reviewed. In this review, the properties, occurrence, uptake, transformation, and toxic effects of PAEs on plants in the aquatic environment are summarized. PAEs have been prevalently detected in the aquatic environment, including surface water, groundwater, seawater, and sediment, with concentrations ranging from the ng/L or ng/kg to the mg/L or mg/kg range. PAEs in the aquatic environment can be uptake, translocated, and metabolized by plants. Exposure to PAEs induces multiple adverse effects in aquatic plants, including growth perturbation, structural damage, disruption of photosynthesis, oxidative damage, and potential genotoxicity. High-throughput omics techniques further reveal the underlying toxicity molecular mechanisms of how PAEs disrupt plants on the transcription, protein, and metabolism levels. Finally, this review proposes that future studies should evaluate the interactions between plants and PAEs with a focus on long-term exposure to environmental PAE concentrations, the effects of PAE alternatives, and human health risks via the intake of plant-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Liang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ji
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoxia Feng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pinjie Su
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Wenzhuo Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qingzhe Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Runzeng Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Irfan M, Mészáros I, Szabó S, Oláh V. Comparative Phytotoxicity of Metallic Elements on Duckweed Lemna gibba L. Using Growth- and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction-Based Endpoints. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:215. [PMID: 38256768 PMCID: PMC10821045 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we exposed a commonly used duckweed species-Lemna gibba L.-to twelve environmentally relevant metals and metalloids under laboratory conditions. The phytotoxic effects were evaluated in a multi-well-plate-based experimental setup by means of the chlorophyll fluorescence imaging method. This technique allowed the simultaneous measuring of the growth and photosynthetic parameters in the same samples. The inhibition of relative growth rates (based on frond number and area) and photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fo and Y(II)) were both calculated from the obtained chlorophyll fluorescence images. In the applied test system, growth-inhibition-based phytotoxicity endpoints proved to be more sensitive than chlorophyll-fluorescence-based ones. Frond area growth inhibition was the most responsive parameter with a median EC50 of 1.75 mg L-1, while Fv/Fo, the more responsive chlorophyll-fluorescence-based endpoint, resulted in a 5.34 mg L-1 median EC50 for the tested metals. Ag (EC50 0.005-1.27 mg L-1), Hg (EC50 0.24-4.87 mg L-1) and Cu (EC50 0.37-1.86 mg L-1) were the most toxic elements among the tested ones, while As(V) (EC50 47.15-132.18 mg L-1), Cr(III) (EC50 6.22-19.92 mg L-1), Se(VI) (EC50 1.73-10.39 mg L-1) and Zn (EC50 3.88-350.56 mg L-1) were the least toxic ones. The results highlighted that multi-well-plate-based duckweed phytotoxicity assays may reduce space, time and sample volume requirements compared to the standard duckweed growth inhibition tests. These benefits, however, come with lowered test sensitivity. Our multi-well-plate-based test setup resulted in considerably higher median EC50 (3.21 mg L-1) for frond-number-based growth inhibition than the 0.683 mg L-1 median EC50 derived from corresponding data from the literature with standardized Lemna-tests. Under strong acute phytotoxicity, frond parts with impaired photochemical functionality may become undetectable by chlorophyll fluorometers. Consequently, the plant parts that are still detectable display a virtually higher average photosynthetic performance, leading to an underestimation of phytotoxicity. Nevertheless, multi-well-plate-based duckweed phytotoxicity assays, combined with chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, offer definite advantages in the rapid screening of large sample series or multiple species/clones. As chlorophyll fluorescence images provide information both on the photochemical performance of the test plants and their morphology, a joint analysis of the two endpoint groups is recommended in multi-well-plate-based duckweed phytotoxicity assays to maximize the information gained from the tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.I.); (I.M.)
| | - Ilona Mészáros
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.I.); (I.M.)
| | - Sándor Szabó
- Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Nyiregyhaza, H-4401 Nyiregyhaza, Hungary
| | - Viktor Oláh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Square 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.I.); (I.M.)
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Yudina NY, Kozlova TN, Bogachikhin DA, Kosarenina MM, Arlyapov VA, Alferov SV. Electrochemical Biosensors for Express Analysis of the Integral Toxicity of Polymer Materials. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:1011. [PMID: 38131771 PMCID: PMC10742246 DOI: 10.3390/bios13121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors based on an oxygen electrode, a mediator electrode, and a mediator microbial biofuel cell (MFC) using the bacteria Gluconobacter oxydans B-1280 were formed and tested to determine the integral toxicity. G. oxydans bacteria exhibited high sensitivity to the toxic effects of phenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, salicylic and trichloroacetic acid, and a number of heavy metal ions. The system "G. oxydans bacteria-ferrocene-graphite-paste electrode" was superior in sensitivity to biosensors formed using an oxygen electrode and MFC, in particular regarding heavy metal ions (EC50 of Cr3+, Mn2+, and Cd2+ was 0.8 mg/dm3, 0.3 mg/dm3 and 1.6 mg/dm3, respectively). It was determined that the period of stable functioning of electrochemical systems during measurements was reduced by half (from 30 to 15 days) due to changes in the enzyme system of microbial cells when exposed to toxicants. Samples of the products made from polymeric materials were analyzed using developed biosensor systems and standard biotesting methods based on inhibiting the growth of duckweed Lemna minor, reducing the motility of bull sperm, and quenching the luminescence of the commercial test system "Ecolum". The developed bioelectrocatalytic systems were comparable in sensitivity to commercial biosensors, which made it possible to correlate the results and identify, by all methods, a highly toxic sample containing diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate according to GC-MS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Yu. Yudina
- Chemistry Department, Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education, Tula State University, 300012 Tula, Russia; (N.Y.Y.); (V.A.A.)
| | - Tatyana N. Kozlova
- Laboratory of Ecological and Medical Biotechnology, Tula State University, Friedrich Engels Street 157, 300012 Tula, Russia; (T.N.K.)
| | - Daniil A. Bogachikhin
- Laboratory of Ecological and Medical Biotechnology, Tula State University, Friedrich Engels Street 157, 300012 Tula, Russia; (T.N.K.)
| | - Maria M. Kosarenina
- Chemistry Department, Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education, Tula State University, 300012 Tula, Russia; (N.Y.Y.); (V.A.A.)
| | - Vyacheslav A. Arlyapov
- Chemistry Department, Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education, Tula State University, 300012 Tula, Russia; (N.Y.Y.); (V.A.A.)
| | - Sergey V. Alferov
- Laboratory of Ecological and Medical Biotechnology, Tula State University, Friedrich Engels Street 157, 300012 Tula, Russia; (T.N.K.)
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Liu H, Liu M, Zong X, Liu A, Yuan M, Fang S. Mechanism of safener mefenpyr-diethyl biodegradation by a newly isolated Chryseobacterium sp. B6 from wastewater sludge and application in co-contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140385. [PMID: 37839750 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Safener mefenpyr-diethyl (MFD) was applied to cereal crops along with herbicides to improve herbicide selectivity for crops and weeds. However, the degradation mechanism of MFD in the environment remains unclear. One MFD-degrading bacterium, Chryseobacterium sp. B6, was isolated from activated sludge. According to Box-Behnken's optimal design, the degradation efficiency of MFD can reach 92% under conditions of pH 7.5, 30 °C, and a MFD concentration of 184 mg L-1. The degradation half-life experiment showed that a high concentration of MFD (300 mg L-1) inhibited the degradation ability of strain B6. Additionally, strain B6 was resistant to Ba2+, Cr3+, Li+, Zn2+, and Cu2+. The MFD degradation products of strain B6 were detected by GC/MS and its degradation pathway was proposed. MFD was first hydrolyzed by a hydrolase to an intermediate (RS)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-2-pyrazoline-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester-3-carboxylic acid, and then further degraded by a decarboxylase to form the intermediate (RS)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-2-pyrazoline-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester, finally, it is completely degraded by strain B6. Furthermore, strain B6 could effectively remove MFD from MFD-contaminated soil, and the half-life of MFD was also significantly reduced in MFD and Cu2+ co-contaminated soil after inoculating strain B6. To our knowledge, strain B6 was the first strain reported to degrade safener MFD, and this study provides a valuable candidate to remediate the co-contaminated soil with MFD and Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China.
| | - Mengna Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Xuan Zong
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Aimin Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Meng Yuan
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, PR China
| | - Shangping Fang
- School of Anesthesiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, PR China.
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Alias C, Piovani G, Benassi L, Abbà A, Sorlini S, Gelatti U, Zerbini I, Feretti D. Evaluation of Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Concrete Cast with Steel Slags Using Higher Terrestrial Plants. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:2193-2200. [PMID: 37401854 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The potential impact of concrete mixtures containing steel slag (SS) as a partial replacement of natural aggregates (NA) on the terrestrial ecosystem was assessed using a battery of plant-based bioassays. Leaching tests were conducted on four concrete mixtures and one mixture containing only NA (reference concrete). Leachates were tested for phytotoxicity using seeds of Lepidium sativum, Cucumis sativus, and Allium cepa. Emerging seedlings of L. sativum and A. cepa were used to assess DNA damage (comet test). The genotoxicity of the leachates was also analyzed with bulbs of A. cepa using the comet and chromosome aberration tests. None of the samples caused phytotoxic effects. On the contrary, almost all the samples supported the seedlings; and two leachates, one from the SS-containing concrete and the other from the reference concrete, promoted the growth of C. sativus and A. cepa. The DNA damage of L. sativum and A. cepa seedlings was significantly increased only by the reference concrete sample. In contrast, the DNA damage in A. cepa bulbs was significantly enhanced by the reference concrete but also by that of a concrete sample with SS. Furthermore, all leachates caused an increase in chromosomal aberrations in A. cepa bulbs. Despite some genotoxic effects of the concrete on plant cells, the partial replacement of SS does not seem to make the concrete more hazardous than the reference concrete, suggesting the potential use of SS as a reliable recycled material. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2193-2200. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Alias
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- B+LabNet-Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Piovani
- B+LabNet-Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Benassi
- B+LabNet-Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Abbà
- B+LabNet-Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sabrina Sorlini
- B+LabNet-Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Umberto Gelatti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- B+LabNet-Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zerbini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- B+LabNet-Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Feretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- B+LabNet-Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Kumari A, Rajput VD, Mandzhieva S, Minkina T, Kaur R. Morpho-biochemical Responses and Disturbed Redox Homeostasis in Barley Under Benzyl-butyl Phthalate Stress. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 110:47. [PMID: 36692586 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study is aimed to address the morphometric consequences, yield attributes, and biochemical responses of barley plants under the stress of an endocrine disruptor i.e., benzyl-butyl phthalate (BBP). The morphometric analyses (plant length, dry weight, and net primary productivity) revealed that the inhibition induced by BBP was concentration- and time-dependent. The seed weight and the number of seeds per spike have also significantly declined with an increase in BBP doses. Similarly, BBP exhibited significant alterations over the control in the biochemical indices viz., pigments, sugars, proteins, proline, malonaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide contents of barley plants. Furthermore, BBP stress negatively influenced the activities of antioxidative enzymes viz., SOD, POD, CAT, APX, and GR of barley with an increase in doses and exposure durations due to the over-produced reactive oxygen species. The uptake and transport of BBP were determined and observed as a responsible cue for these toxicological implications in barley plants under BBP exposure. The correlation of barley plants' morpho-biochemical responses with BBP uptake and transport was also established using Pearson's correlation. Thus, this study indicated the toxicological behavior of meagerly explored phthalate (i.e., BBP) in the crop plant and these observations can be utilized for the generation of tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpna Kumari
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, 143005, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Saglara Mandzhieva
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, 143005, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Polińska W, Piotrowska-Niczyporuk A, Karpińska J, Struk-Sokołowska J, Kotowska U. Mechanisms, toxicity and optimal conditions - research on the removal of benzotriazoles from water using Wolffia arrhiza. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157571. [PMID: 35882328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the presented work, phytoremediation with the use of floating plant Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimm. was proposed as a method of removing the selected benzotriazoles (BTRs): 1H-benzotriazole (1H-BTR), 4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (4M-BTR), 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5M-BTR) and 5-chlorobenzotriazole (5Cl-BTR) from water. The efficiency of phytoremediation depends on three factors: daily time of exposure to light, pH of the model solution, and the amount of plans. Using a design of experiment (DoE) methods the following optimal values were selected: plant amount 1.8 g, light exposure 13 h and pH 7 per 100 mL of the model solution. It was found that the loss of BTRs in optimal conditions ranged from 92 to 100 % except for 4M-BTR, for which only 23 % of removal was achieved after 14 days of cultivation of W. arrhiza. The half-life values for studied compounds ranged from 0.98 days for 5Cl-BTR to 36.19 for 4M-BTR. The observed rapid vanishing of 5M-BTR is supposed by the simultaneous transformation of 5M-BTR into 4M-BTR. The detailed study of BTRs degradation pointed that the plant uptake is mainly responsible for the benzotriazoles concentration decrease. Toxicity tests showed that the tested organic compounds induce oxidative stress in W. arrhiza, which manifested among others, in reduced levels of chlorophyll in cultures with benzotriazoles compared to control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Polińska
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K Str., 15-245 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Alicja Piotrowska-Niczyporuk
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J Street, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Joanna Karpińska
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K Str., 15-245 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Joanna Struk-Sokołowska
- Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Urszula Kotowska
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K Str., 15-245 Bialystok, Poland.
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Chen W, Guo R, Wang Z, Xu W, Hu Y. Dimethyl phthalate destroys the cell membrane structural integrity of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:949590. [PMID: 36071970 PMCID: PMC9441906 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.949590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) was exposed to different concentrations (0, 20, and 40 mg/L) of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) for 8 h, and then Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, lipopolysaccharide content detection, analysis of fatty acids, calcein release test, proteomics, non-targeted metabolomics, and enzyme activity assays were used to evaluate the toxicological effect of DMP on P. fluorescens. The results showed that DMP exposure caused an increase in the unsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (UFA/SFA) ratio and in the release of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from the cell outer membrane (OM) of P. fluorescens. Moreover, DMP regulated the abundances of phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidyl glycerol (PG) of P. fluorescens and induced dye leakage from an artificial membrane. Additionally, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and changes in antioxidant enzymes (i.e., catalase [CAT] and superoxide dismutase [SOD]) activities, as well as the inhibition of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase activities in P. fluorescens, which were induced by the DMP. In summary, DMP could disrupt the lipid asymmetry of the outer membrane, increase the fluidity of the cell membrane, and destroy the integrity of the cell membrane of P. fluorescens through lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and ion imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruxin Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
- *Correspondence: Zhigang Wang
| | - Weihui Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yunlong Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
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Ara C, Asmatullah, Ramzan N, Ali S, Shakir HA, Liaqat I, Iqbal A, Yaseen F, Shahzad N. Black coffee mitigates diethyl phthalate disrupted folliculogenesis, reduced gonadotropins, and ovarian lesions in female albino mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:47254-47266. [PMID: 35182336 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are multifunctional compounds with extensive applications and emerging environmental pollutants. Due to their ubiquity in the environment and unavoidable exposure to humans, concerns have been voiced about public health dangers. This study was aimed to explore the diethyl phthalate (DEP) toxicity and the potential protective effect of black coffee in female Swiss albino mice. Four-week-old mice, weighing 12 ± 1 g were segregated into five groups (n = 10), designated as G-I (without any treatment), G-II (treated with corn oil), G-III (exposed to 1.5 mg/g body wt. (B.W.) DEP), G-IV (received 2 μg/g B.W coffee), and G-V (co-administrated with 1.5 mg/g DEP and 2 μg/g B.W coffee). Before dose administration, the coffee extract was assessed for its antioxidant potential through FRAP, TPC, and GC-MS analyses. Respective phthalates/coffee doses were administrated orally, once a day for 8 weeks consecutively starting from the prepubescent stage. After 56 days, mice were acclimated for 4 days then dissected. Morphological assessments showed an irregular shape of the ovaries in DEP-treated mice as compared to the control. The average bodyweight of DEP-intoxicated mice (p ≤ 0.05) increased notably against control, while DEP plus coffee group showed a regular gain in the average weight of mice. The gonado-somatic index showed non-significant variations among all groups. Micrometric studies showed that the diameter of secondary follicles (115 µm) in the ovaries of DEP-exposed mice (p ≤ 0.001) decreased significantly as compared to control (204 µm); conversely, follicular diameter in the coffee control group (248) increased significantly. Serum FSH and LH levels were significantly increased in DEP-exposed mice with a noteworthy decrease in estrogen level while hormonal levels of all other groups were comparable to control. Histological sections of DEP-exposed mice ovaries showed anatomical disruptions contrary to other groups, which were comparable with control. Antioxidant potential was checked in ovaries homogenates; FRAP values showed a notable decrease in DEP group in comparison with the control group, in contrast to G-V, when DEP was co-administrated with coffee. This study concluded that black coffee has protective effect, against DEP-instigated reproductive toxicity in Swiss albino female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaman Ara
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asmatullah
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nageena Ramzan
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Iram Liaqat
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asia Iqbal
- Department of Wildlife and Ecology, The University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Yaseen
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nida Shahzad
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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