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Constantinescu M, Bucura F, Roman A, Botoran OR, Ionete RE, Spiridon SI, Ionete EI, Zaharioiu AM, Marin F, Badea SL, Niculescu VC. A Study on the Ability of Nanomaterials to Adsorb NO and SO 2 from Combustion Gases and the Effectiveness of Their Separation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:816. [PMID: 38786773 PMCID: PMC11123805 DOI: 10.3390/nano14100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Climate neutrality for the year 2050 is the goal assumed at the level of the EU27+UK. As Romania is no exception, it has assumed the gradual mitigation of pollution generated by the energy sector, and by 2030, according to 'Fit for 55', the share of energy from renewable sources must reach 42.5% from total energy consumption. For the rest of the energy produced from traditional sources, natural gas and/or coal, modern technologies will be used to retain the gaseous noxes. Even if they are not greenhouse gases, NO and SO2, generated from fossil fuel combustion, cause negative effects on the environment and biodiversity. The adsorption capacity of different materials, three nanomaterials developed in-house and three commercial adsorbents, both for NO and SO2, was tackled through gas chromatography, elemental analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Fe-BTC has proven to be an excellent material for separation efficiency and adsorption capacity under studied conditions, and is shown to be versatile both in the case of NO (80.00 cm3/g) and SO2 (63.07 cm3/g). All the developed nanomaterials generated superior results in comparison to the commercial adsorbents. The increase in pressure enhanced the performance of the absorption process, while temperature showed an opposite influence, by blocking the active centers on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Constantinescu
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Felicia Bucura
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Antoaneta Roman
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Oana Romina Botoran
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Roxana-Elena Ionete
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Stefan Ionut Spiridon
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Eusebiu Ilarian Ionete
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Anca Maria Zaharioiu
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Florian Marin
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Food Industry and Environmental Protection, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 7–9 I. Ratiu Str., 550012 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Silviu-Laurentiu Badea
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
| | - Violeta-Carolina Niculescu
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania; (M.C.)
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Wang H, Wang W, Zhou S, Gao X. Adsorption mechanism of Cr(VI) on woody-activated carbons. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13267. [PMID: 36798761 PMCID: PMC9925964 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To provide guidance for the selection of woody-activated carbon in the treatment of wastewater containing hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), the adsorption tests on two varieties of commercial woody-activated carbon powder from different manufacturers were carried out. The physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of activated carbon were studied by using elemental, chemical, and instrumental analyses. The adsorption mechanism of Cr(VI) was discussed by investigating the factors affecting the removal of hexavalent chromium. The two kinds of woody-activated carbon have microporous and mesoporous structures. Commercial woody-activated carbon No.1 (ACI) has a more extensive specific surface area and a better-developed pore structure. While ACI exhibits a higher adsorption capability when the content of Cr(VI) is high, commercial woody-activated carbon No.2 (AC) can remove hexavalent chromium fast when the concentration is low. A rise in pH value is not helpful for the materials to remove Cr(VI) from solutions. For Cr(VI) removal, the optimum pH value is 2. The adsorption of Cr(VI) by AC and ACI followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation. The maximum adsorption value of Cr(VI) is 154.56 mg/g for AC and 241.55 mg/g for ACI. There is chemical adsorption during the Cr(VI) removal. A lot of Cr (Ⅲ) was formed by Cr(VI). The abundance of pores and the reducing ability of the materials are essential for the removal of Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin City, 719000, China,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Utilization of Low-Modified Coal, Yulin City, 719000, China,Corresponding author. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Chongwen Road No.51, Yulin City, 719000, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Wencheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin City, 719000, China
| | - Song Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin City, 719000, China
| | - Xuchun Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin City, 719000, China,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Utilization of Low-Modified Coal, Yulin City, 719000, China
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