1
|
Lai Y, Wang Y, Zhang S, Duan A. Kinetics and mechanism analysis of advanced oxidation degradation of PFOA/PFOS by UV/Fe 3+ and persulfate: A DFT study. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:141951. [PMID: 38626815 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
UV/Fe3+ and persulfate are two promising advanced oxidative degradation systems for in situ remediation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), yet a lack of comprehensive understanding of the degradation mechanisms. For the first time, we used density functional theory (DFT) to calculate the entire reaction pathways of the degradation of PFOA/PFOS in water by UV/Fe3+ and persulfate. In addition, we have deeply explored the different attack pathways driven by •OH and SO4-•, and found that SO4-• determines PFOA/PFOS to obtain PFOA/PFOS free radicals through single electron transfer to initiate the degradation reaction, while •OH determines the speed of PFOA/PFOS degradation reaction. Both degradation reactions were thermodynamically advantageous and kinetically feasible under calculated conditions. Based on the thermodynamic data, persulfate was found to be more favorable for the advanced oxidative degradation of Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Moreover, for SO4-• and •OH co-existing in the persulfate system, pH will affect the presence and concentration of these two types of free radicals, and low pH is not necessary for the degradation of PFOA/PFOS in the persulfate system. These results can considerably advance our understanding of the PFOA/PFOS degradation process in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which is driven by •OH and SO4-•. This study provides a DFT calculation process for the mechanism calculation of advanced oxidation degradation of other types of PFCs pollutants, hoping to elucidate the future development of PFCs removal. Further research should focus on determining the advanced oxidation degradation pathways of other types of PFCs, to support the development of computational studies on the advanced oxidation degradation of PFCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineer of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Abing Duan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tunioli F, Marforio TD, Favaretto L, Mantovani S, Pintus A, Bianchi A, Kovtun A, Agnes M, Palermo V, Calvaresi M, Navacchia ML, Melucci M. Chemical Tailoring of β-Cyclodextrin-Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Adsorption from Drinking Water. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301854. [PMID: 37548167 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) modified graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, having different sized alkyl linkers (GO-Cn -βCD) and their exploitation as sorbent of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from drinking water. βCD were functionalized with a pending amino group, and the resulting precursors grafted to GO nanosheets by epoxide ring opening reaction. Loading of βCD units in the range 12 %-36 % was estimated by combined XPS and elemental analysis. Adsorption tests on perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), a particularly persistent PFAS selected as case study, revealed a strong influence of the alkyl linker length on the adsorption efficiency, with the hexyl linker derivative GO-C6 -βCD outperforming both pristine GO and granular activated carbon (GAC), the standard sorbent benchmark. Molecular dynamic simulations ascribed this evidence to the favorable orientation of the βCD unit on the surface of GO which enables a strong contaminant molecules retention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Tunioli
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Tainah D Marforio
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician" Alma Mater Studiorum -, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Laura Favaretto
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Mantovani
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Angela Pintus
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Antonio Bianchi
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Alessandro Kovtun
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Marco Agnes
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palermo
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
- Department of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 41258, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician" Alma Mater Studiorum -, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Navacchia
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Manuela Melucci
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, BO, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren Z, Bergmann U, Uwayezu JN, Carabante I, Kumpiene J, Lejon T, Leiviskä T. Combination of adsorption/desorption and photocatalytic reduction processes for PFOA removal from water by using an aminated biosorbent and a UV/sulfite system. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115930. [PMID: 37076033 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are stable organic chemicals, which have been used globally since the 1940s and have caused PFAS contamination around the world. This study explores perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) enrichment and destruction by a combined method of sorption/desorption and photocatalytic reduction. A novel biosorbent (PG-PB) was developed from raw pine bark by grafting amine groups and quaternary ammonium groups onto the surface of bark particles. The results of PFOA adsorption at low concentration suggest that PG-PB has excellent removal efficiency (94.8%-99.1%, PG-PB dosage: 0.4 g/L) to PFOA in the concentration range of 10 μg/L to 2 mg/L. The PG-PB exhibited high adsorption efficiency regarding PFOA, being 456.0 mg/g at pH 3.3 and 258.0 mg/g at pH 7 with an initial concentration of 200 mg/L. The groundwater treatment reduced the total concentration of 28 PFAS from 18 000 ng/L to 9900 ng/L with 0.8 g/L of PG-PB. Desorption experiments examined 18 types of desorption solutions, and the results showed that 0.05% NaOH and a mixture of 0.05% NaOH + 20% methanol were efficient for PFOA desorption from the spent PG-PB. More than 70% (>70 mg/L in 50 mL) and 85% (>85 mg/L in 50 mL) of PFOA were recovered from the first and second desorption processes, respectively. Since high pH promotes PFOA degradation, the desorption eluents with NaOH were directly treated with a UV/sulfite system without further adjustment. The final PFOA degradation and defluorination efficiency in the desorption eluents with 0.05% NaOH + 20% methanol reached 100% and 83.1% after 24 h reaction. This study proved that the combination of adsorption/desorption and a UV/sulfite system for PFAS removal is a feasible solution for environmental remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfei Ren
- Chemical Process Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Ulrich Bergmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Biocenter, University of Oulu, Oulu, FIN-99020, Finland
| | - Jean Noel Uwayezu
- Waste Science and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ivan Carabante
- Waste Science and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Jurate Kumpiene
- Waste Science and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Tore Lejon
- Waste Science and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Tiina Leiviskä
- Chemical Process Engineering, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|