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Gao C, Liu C, Chen C, Liu N, Liu F, Su X, Huang Q. Genetic Evaluation of Water Use Efficiency and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. Seedlings in China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2228. [PMID: 39204664 PMCID: PMC11359723 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. represents a valuable genetic resource for fast-growing plantations in temperate regions. It holds significant cultivation and breeding potential in northern China. To establish an efficient breeding population of poplar, we studied the genetic variation of P. deltoides from different provenances. Our focus was on genotypes exhibiting high growth rates and efficient water and nutrient use efficiency (WUE and NUE). We evaluated 256 one-year-old seedlings from six provenances, measuring height, ground diameter, total biomass, and leaf carbon and nitrogen isotope abundance (δ13C and δ15N). Our analytical methods included variance analysis, multiple comparisons, mixed linear models, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis. The results showed that the coefficient of variation was highest for δ15N and lowest for δ13C among all traits. Except for δ15N, the effects of intra- and inter-provenance were highly significant (p < 0.01). The rates of variation for all traits ranged from 78.36% to 99.49% for intra-provenance and from 0.51% to 21.64% for inter-provenance. The heritability of all traits in AQ provenance was over 0.65, and all exhibited the highest level except for seedling height. All traits were significantly positively correlated with each other (p < 0.05), while ground diameter, total biomass, and WUE were highly significantly negatively correlated with latitude (p < 0.01). After a comprehensive evaluation, two provenances and eight genotypes were selected. The genetic gains for seedling height, ground diameter, total biomass, WUE, and NUE were 27.46 cm (178-2-106), 3.85 mm (178-2-141), 16.40 g (178-2-141), 0.852‱ (LA05-N15), and 3.145‱ (174-1-2), respectively. Overall, we revealed that the abundant genetic variation in P. deltoides populations mainly comes from intra-provenance differences and evaluated provenances and genotypes. The results of this study will contribute to optimizing and enhancing the breeding process of Chinese poplar and improving the productivity of fast-growing plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (C.G.); (C.L.); (N.L.); (F.L.); (X.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Chenggong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (C.G.); (C.L.); (N.L.); (F.L.); (X.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Cun Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250013, China;
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (C.G.); (C.L.); (N.L.); (F.L.); (X.S.)
- UGent-Woodlab (Laboratory of Wood Technology), Department of Environment, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fenfen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (C.G.); (C.L.); (N.L.); (F.L.); (X.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiaohua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (C.G.); (C.L.); (N.L.); (F.L.); (X.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qinjun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; (C.G.); (C.L.); (N.L.); (F.L.); (X.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China
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Xing H, Shi Z, Liu S, Chen M, Xu G, Cao X, Zhang M, Chen J, Li F. Leaf traits divergence and correlations of woody plants among the three plant functional types on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1128227. [PMID: 37077644 PMCID: PMC10106608 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1128227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Leaf traits are important indicators of plant life history and may vary according to plant functional type (PFT) and environmental conditions. In this study, we sampled woody plants from three PFTs (e.g., needle-leaved evergreens, NE; broad-leaved evergreens, BE; broad-leaved deciduous, BD) on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and 110 species were collected across 50 sites. Here, the divergence and correlations of leaf traits in three PFTs and relationships between leaf traits and environment were studied. The results showed significant differences in leaf traits among three PFTs, with NE plants showed higher values than BE plants and BD plants for leaf thickness (LT), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf dry mass per area (LMA), carbon: nitrogen ratio (C/N), and nitrogen content per unit area (Narea), except for nitrogen content per unit mass (Nmass). Although the correlations between leaf traits were similar across three PFTs, NE plants differed from BE plants and BD plants in the relationship between C/N and Narea. Compared with the mean annual precipitation (MAP), the mean annual temperature (MAT) was the main environmental factor that caused the difference in leaf traits among three PFTs. NE plants had a more conservative approach to survival compared to BE plants and BD plants. This study shed light on the regional-scale variation in leaf traits and the relationships among leaf traits, PFT, and environment. These findings have important implications for the development of regional-scale dynamic vegetation models and for understanding how plants respond and adapt to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Zuomin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Miyaluo Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystem, Lixian, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Zuomin Shi,
| | - Shun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Gexi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Feifan Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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