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Bohdanowicz-Pawlak A, Lwow F. Differences in Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Metabolic Disturbances between VDR Genotypes in an Ethnically Homogenous Postmenopausal Female Population from Poland. Nutrients 2023; 15:2737. [PMID: 37375641 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Vitamin D deficiency and changes in the endocrine system may stimulate systemic inflammation. VDR expression and the vitamin D concentration decrease with age, which is important in postmenopausal women for whom estrogen deficiency causes rapid bone loss. This group is, moreover, particularly at risk of developing atherosclerosis and its adverse consequences, such as chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess the differentiation by the VDR genotype of the risk factors for so-called chronic low-grade inflammation and metabolic disorders. (2) We studied the differences between the anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammation parameters of VDR genotypes for Apa-I, Bsm-I, Fok-I, and Taq-I in a sample of 321 women aged 50-60 from an ethnically homogeneous urban population in Poland. (3) The TT Taq-I genotype presented a significantly higher rate of insulin resistance (HOMA) and lower serum levels of adiponectin than the other two genotypes. The AA genotype of the Bsm-I polymorphism was associated with a more atherogenic serum profile and significantly higher LDL and LDL/HDL values and Castelli Index. (4) Chronic low-grade inflammation was associated with the TT Taq-I genotype and presented a higher rate of insulin resistance. The AA genotype of the Bsm-I polymorphism presented a more atherogenic serum lipid profile and, therefore, a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bohdanowicz-Pawlak
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteur 4, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Felicja Lwow
- Department of Massage and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
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Zhang Y, Hu M, Tang YY, Zhang B, Han YY, Huang ZY, Chen C, Li G. Levetiracetam inhibits THP-1 monocyte chemotaxis and adhesion via the synaptic vesicle 2A. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:S0006-291X(20)30329-6. [PMID: 32067739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Long-term therapy with older antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), but not levetiracetam (LEV), may increase the risk of atherosclerosis (AS), suggesting that LEV may have a potential anti-AS effect. The synaptic vesicle 2A (SV2A) is known to the specific binding site of LEV. Numerous studies have documented that SV2A is a membrane protein specifically expressed in nervous system. Interestingly, our previous research showed that SV2A also existed in human CD8+ T lymphocytes. Therefore, we hypothesized that LEV was associated with decreased risk of AS by regulating monocytes chemotaxis and adhesion. We showed that SV2A protein were detected in THP-1 human monocytic leukemia cells. LEV (300 μM) inhibited the chemotaxis and adhesion of THP-1 cells after transfection with plasmids expressing SV2AWT, but not SV2AR383Q which was a known functional mutation site of human SV2A. Furthermore, RT-PCR and western blot analysis demonstrated that LEV (300 μM) decreased the expression level of chemokine-related receptors (CX3CL1, CCR1, CCR2, and CCR5),and reduced levels of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) in THP-1 cells with SV2AWT expressing plasmids. Taken together, these findings indicated that LEV has an inhibitory effect on THP-1 monocyte adhesion and chemotaxis, suggesting that SV2A may serve as a novel therapeutic target to prevent AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yue-Yu Tang
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yin-Yin Han
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Huang
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, China.
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Mazdeh M, Zamani M, Eftekharian MM, Komaki A, Arsang-Jang S, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. Expression analysis of vitamin D receptor-associated lncRNAs in epileptic patients. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1457-1465. [PMID: 31187385 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D has been vastly acknowledged as a neuroactive steroid controlling neurodevelopment. As it exerts its functions through activation of vitamin D receptor (VDR), several studies have assessed the role of VDR in brain function. More recently, a number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized that alter expression of VDR. In the current study, we evaluated expression of four VDR-related lncRNAs (LINC00511, LINC00346, SNHG6 and SNHG16) in peripheral blood of 40 epileptic patients and 39 healthy subjects using quantitative real time PCR method. The relative expression levels of SNHG16 and LINC00511 were higher in epileptic patients compared with healthy subjects. For SNHG16, the difference was only significant between male patients and male controls, while LINC00511 had the opposite pattern. The results of Quantile regression model showed significant associations between SNHG6 and SNHG16 expressions and gender (P values of 0.027 and 0.009 respectively). Significant correlations were detected between expression levels of SNHG6 and SNHG16 (r = 0.32, P = 0.004), SNHG6 and LINC00346 (r = 0.37, P = 0.001), SNHG16 and LINC00346 (r = 0.30, P = 0.007) as well as SNHG16 and LINC00511 (r = 0.29, P = 0.009). Expression of LINC00346 was inversely correlated with vitamin D levels only in male epileptic patients (r = -0.58, P = 0.011). Expression of SNHG6 was correlated with vitamin D levels in male controls but no other subgroups (r = 0.51, P = 0.044). Based on the results of ROC curve analysis, SNHG16 had the diagnostic power of 0.86 in male subjects. Taken together, the current study provides evidences for dys-regulation of VDR-related lncRNAs in epileptic patients. The clinical significance of these finding should be explored in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdokht Mazdeh
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Zamani
- Department of Neurology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Clinical Research Development Center (CRDU), Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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The pharmacogenomics of valproic acid. J Hum Genet 2017; 62:1009-1014. [PMID: 28878340 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2017.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. Adverse effects of valproic acid are rare, but hepatotoxicity is severe in particular in those younger than 2 years old and polytherapy. During valproic acid treatment, it is difficult for prescribers to predict its individual response. Recent advances in the field of pharmacogenomics have indicated variants of candidate genes that affect valproic acid efficacy and safety. In this review, a large number of candidate genes that influence valproic acid pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are discussed, including metabolic enzymes, drug transporters, neurotransmitters and drug targets. Furthermore, pharmacogenomics is an important tool not only in further understanding of interindividual variability but also to assess the therapeutic potential of such variability in drug individualization and therapeutic optimization.
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Abstract
The increased rate of fractures associated with epilepsy has been long recognised but remains incompletely understood. Study quality and study results have varied, with some but not all studies showing bone diseases including osteoporosis and/or osteomalacia, and a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are also noted. Falls risk can also be higher in patients with epilepsy taking anti-epileptic medications, potentially leading to fracture. Larger research collaborations are recommended to further advance understanding in this field, particularly to examine underlying genetic and pharmacogenomic associations of epilepsy and anti-epileptic medication usage and its association with bone diseases and fractures, as well as further investigation into optimal management of bone health in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra J Petty
- Melbourne Brain Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Melbourne Brain Centre at The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Academic Centre, Ormond College, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Neurology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Neurology, Western Health, Sunshine, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Education, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Helen Wilding
- St Vincent's Hospital Library Service, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - John D Wark
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Bone and Mineral Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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