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Ergul Erkec O, Yunusoglu O, Huyut Z. Evaluation of repeated ghrelin administration on seizures, oxidative stress and neurochemical parameters in pentyleneterazole induced kindling in rats. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:420-428. [PMID: 35903909 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2107516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Epileptic seizures are thought to be caused by the impaired balance between excitatory (glutamate) and inhibitor [gamma amino butyric acid (GABA)] neurotransmitters in the brain. Neuropeptides have potent modulator properties on these neurotransmitters.Objective: Ghrelin exerts anticonvulsant effects in an acute pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) model. However, the effect of repeated ghrelin injections in chronic pentylenetetrazole kindling model is not known. In this study, the effects of repeated ghrelin administration on seizure scores, working memory, locomotor activity, oxidative biomarkers, and neurochemical parameters in PTZ kindling in rats was examined.Methods: For this purpose, 35 mg/kg of PTZ was administered intraperitoneally to the experimental groups. The rats also received physiological saline/diazepam or ghrelin before each PTZ injection. After behavioural analysis (Y-maze, rotarod, and locomotor activity tests), biochemical and neurochemical analyses were conducted using ELISA.Results: PTZ administration induced progression in the seizure scores and all of the rats in the PS + PTZ group were kindled with the 20th injection. Ghrelin treatment significantly reduced the seizure scores. The difference among the groups in terms of the Y-maze, locomotor activity, and rotarod tests was nonsignificant. PTZ administration significantly decreased the brain GABA, CAT, and AChE levels, and increased the MDA, NO, and protein carbonyl levels. Repeated ghrelin treatment ameliorated the GABA, AChE, CAT, MDA, NO, and protein carbonyl levels.Conclusion: Taken together, the results indicated that repeated ghrelin treatment had antioxidant, and anticonvulsant activity on PTZ kindling in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ergul Erkec
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Oruc Yunusoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Zubeyir Huyut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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2
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Zoungrana LI, Krause-Hauch M, Wang H, Fatmi MK, Li Z, Slotabec L, James AS, Didik S, Li J. Activated protein C signaling mediates neuroinflammation in seizure induced by pilocarpine. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101550. [PMID: 37823005 PMCID: PMC10562752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common and oldest neurological disorders, characterized by periodic seizures that affect millions globally. Despite its long history, its pathophysiology is not fully understood. Additionally, the current treatment methods have their limitations. Finding a new alternative is necessary. Activated Protein C (APC) has been proven to have neurological protection in other neurological disorders; however, there is no study that focuses on the role of APC in seizures. We propose that APC's protective effect could be associated with seizures through inflammation and apoptosis regulation. The results demonstrated that APC's pathway proteins are involved in neuroprotection mechanisms in seizure-induced models by acting on certain inflammatory factors, such as NF-κB and apoptosis proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ines Zoungrana
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Meredith Krause-Hauch
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Mohammad Kasim Fatmi
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Zehui Li
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Lily Slotabec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Adewale Segun James
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Steven Didik
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
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Smith LA, Chen C, Lax NZ, Taylor RW, Erskine D, McFarland R. Astrocytic pathology in Alpers' syndrome. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:86. [PMID: 37259148 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01579-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory epilepsy is the main neurological manifestation of Alpers' syndrome, a severe childhood-onset mitochondrial disease caused by bi-allelic pathogenic variants in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymerase gamma gene (POLG). The pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning neuronal hyperexcitabilty leading to seizures in Alpers' syndrome remain unknown. However, pathological changes to reactive astrocytes are hypothesised to exacerbate neural dysfunction and seizure-associated cortical activity in POLG-related disease. Therefore, we sought to phenotypically characterise astrocytic pathology in Alpers' syndrome. We performed a detailed quantitative investigation of reactive astrocytes in post-mortem neocortical tissues from thirteen patients with Alpers' syndrome, eight neurologically normal controls and five sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) patients, to control for generalised epilepsy-associated astrocytic pathology. Immunohistochemistry to identify glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-reactive astrocytes revealed striking reactive astrogliosis localised to the primary visual cortex of Alpers' syndrome tissues, characterised by abnormal-appearing hypertrophic astrocytes. Phenotypic characterisation of individual GFAP-reactive astrocytes demonstrated decreased abundance of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins and altered expression of key astrocytic proteins including Kir4.1 (subunit of the inwardly rectifying K+ ion channel), AQP4 (astrocytic water channel) and glutamine synthetase (enzyme that metabolises glutamate). These phenotypic astrocytic changes were typically different from the pathology observed in SUDEP tissues, suggesting alternative mechanisms of astrocytic dysfunction between these epilepsies. Crucially, our findings provide further evidence of occipital lobe involvement in Alpers' syndrome and support the involvement of reactive astrocytes in the pathogenesis of POLG-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Chun Chen
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Nichola Z Lax
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- NHS Highly Specialised Service for Rare Mitochondrial Disorders of Adults and Children, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Daniel Erskine
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
- NHS Highly Specialised Service for Rare Mitochondrial Disorders of Adults and Children, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK.
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Birhan YS. Medicinal plants utilized in the management of epilepsy in Ethiopia: ethnobotany, pharmacology and phytochemistry. Chin Med 2022; 17:129. [PMCID: PMC9675240 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common central nervous system (CNS) disorder that affects 50 million people worldwide. Patients with status epilepticus (SE) suffer from devastating comorbidities and a high incidence of mortalities. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstream treatment options for the symptomatic relief of epilepsy. The incidence of refractory epilepsy and the dose-dependent neurotoxicity of AEDs such as fatigue, cognitive impairment, dizziness, attention-deficit behavior, and other side effects are the major bottlenecks in epilepsy treatment. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), epilepsy patients failed to adhere to the AEDs regimens and consider other options such as complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) to relieve pain due to status epilepticus (SE). Plant-based CAMs are widely employed for the treatment of epilepsy across the globe including Ethiopia. The current review documented around 96 plant species (PS) that are often used for the treatment of epilepsy in Ethiopia. It also described the in vivo anticonvulsant activities and toxicity profiles of the antiepileptic medicinal plants (MPs). Moreover, the phytochemical constituents of MPs with profound anticonvulsant effects were also assessed. The result reiterated that a lot has to be done to show the association between herbal-based epilepsy treatment and in vivo pharmacological activities of MPs regarding their mechanism of action (MOA), toxicity profiles, and bioactive constituents so that they can advance into the clinics and serve as a treatment option for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihenew Simegniew Birhan
- grid.449044.90000 0004 0480 6730Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Song Z, Zhai X, Jiang C, Chen R, Ye S, Tong J, Dramou P, He H. Sensitive and selective detection of carbamazepine in serum samples by bionic double-antibody sandwich method based on cucurbit[7]uril and molecular imprinted polymers. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 203:114037. [PMID: 35123315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel bionic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BELISA) based on double-antibody sandwich method is firstly designed for the detection of carbamazepine (CBZ) in human serum samples. In this BELISA system, cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) is employed as an artificial capture antibody (cAb), and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is used as an artificial detection antibody (dAb). Nanozymes (PdNPs) as signal generators are integrated with MIPs. This couple of bionic antibodies exhibits not only the excellent physical and chemical stability, but also the superior molecular recognition ability. Based on two bionic antibodies that can selectively recognize different sites of CBZ molecule, a new BELISA method has been constructed for the first time. The proposed BELISA method displays a good linear relationship ranging from 2 to 20 μg mL-1. The detection limit is 0.37 μg mL-1, which can well meet clinical testing demand. It provides a more stable and economical method for clinical therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorui Song
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China; Bohai rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China
| | - Xinhui Zhai
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Chenrui Jiang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Sijing Ye
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Jinzhe Tong
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Pierre Dramou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
| | - Hua He
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211100, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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de Liyis BG, Tandy SG, Endira JF, Putri KA, Utami DKI. Anti-high mobility group box protein 1 monoclonal antibody downregulating P-glycoprotein as novel epilepsy therapeutics. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022; 58:121. [PMID: 36310854 PMCID: PMC9589779 DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00557-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy, a neurological illness, is characterized by recurrent uncontrolled seizures. There are many treatments of options that can be used as the therapy of epilepsy. However, anti-seizure medications as the primary treatment choice for epilepsy show many possible adverse effects and even pharmacoresistance to the therapy. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) as an initiator and amplifier of the neuroinflammation is responsible for the onset and progression of epilepsy by overexpressing P-glycoprotein on the blood brain barrier. HMGB1 proteins then activate TLR4 in neurons and astrocytes, in which proinflammatory cytokines are produced. Anti-HMGB1 mAb works by blocking the HMGB1, reducing inflammatory activity in the brain that may affect epileptogenesis. Through the process, anti-HMGB1 mAb reduces the TLR4 activity and other receptors that may involve in promote signal of epilepsy such as RAGE. Several studies have shown that anti-HMGB1 has the potential to inhibit the increase in serum HMGB1 in plasma and brain tissue. Further research is needed to identify the mechanism of the inhibiting of overexpression of P-glycoprotein through anti-HMGB1 mAb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Gervais de Liyis
- grid.412828.50000 0001 0692 6937Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Sevinna Geshie Tandy
- grid.412828.50000 0001 0692 6937Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Joana Fourta Endira
- grid.412828.50000 0001 0692 6937Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Komang Andjani Putri
- grid.412828.50000 0001 0692 6937Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Desak Ketut Indrasari Utami
- grid.412828.50000 0001 0692 6937Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
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7
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Manickam AH, Ramasamy S. Mutations in the Voltage Dependent Calcium Channel CACNA1A (P/Q type alpha 1A subunit) Causing Neurological Disorders - An Overview. Neurol India 2021; 69:808-816. [PMID: 34507393 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.325378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background The voltage-dependent calcium channel α1 subunit (CACNA1A) gene plays a major role in neuronal communication. Mutation in this gene results in altered Ca2+ ion influx that modify the neurotransmitter release resulting in the development of various neurological disorders like hemiplegic migraine with cortical spreading depression, epilepsy, episodic ataxia type 2, and spinocerebellar ataxia type 6. Objective This review aimed in portraying the frequent mutations in CACNA1A gene causing hemiplegic migraine with cortical spreading depression, epilepsy, episodic ataxia type 2 and spinocerebellar ataxia type 6. Methodology A systematic search has been adopted in various databases using the keywords "Calcium channel," "migraine," "epilepsy," "episodic ataxia," and "spinocerebellar ataxia" for writing this review that collectively focuses on mutations in the CACNA1A gene causing the common neurological diseases from 1975 to 2019. Conclusion Every type of mutation has its own signature in gene functioning and understanding them might aid knowing more in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agaath Hedina Manickam
- Molecular Genetics and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivasamy Ramasamy
- Molecular Genetics and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Erkec OE, Milanlıoğlu A, Komuroglu AU, Kara M, Huyut Z, Keskin S. Evaluation of serum ghrelin, nesfatin-1, irisin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide levels in temporal lobe epilepsy patients with and without drug resistance: a cross-sectional study. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2021; 67:207-212. [PMID: 34406243 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.67.02.20200521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epilepsy is a common disorder that affects the nervous systems of 1% of worldwide population. In epilepsy, one-third of patients are unresponsive to current drug therapies and develop drug-resistant epilepsy. Alterations in ghrelin, nesfatin-1, and irisin levels with epilepsy were reported in previous studies. Vasoactive intestinal peptide is among the most common neuropeptides in the hippocampus, which is the focus of the seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy. However, there is also lack of evidence of whether these four neuropeptide levels are altered with drug resistant temporal lobe epilepsy or not. The aim herein was the evaluation of the serum levels of nesfatin-1, ghrelin, irisin, and Vasoactive intestinal peptide in drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy patients and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) without drug resistance, and to compare them to healthy controls. METHODS This cross-sectional study group included 58 temporal lobe epilepsy patients (24 with drug resistant temporal lobe epilepsy and 34 with temporal lobe epilepsy who were not drug-resistant) and 28 healthy subjects. Nesfatin-1, ghrelin, irisin, and Vasoactive intestinal peptide serum levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The serum ghrelin levels of patients with drug resistant temporal lobe epilepsy were seen to have significantly decreased when compared to those of the control group (p<0.05). Serum nesfatin-1, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and irisin levels were seen to have decreased in the drug resistant temporal lobe epilepsy group when compared to those of the control and temporal lobe epilepsy groups; however, the difference was non-significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results herein suggested that ghrelin might contribute to the pathophysiology of drug resistant temporal lobe epilepsy. However, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ergul Erkec
- Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology - Van, Turkey
| | - Aysel Milanlıoğlu
- Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology - Van, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ufuk Komuroglu
- Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van Vocational Higher School of Healthcare Studies - Van, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kara
- Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology - Van, Turkey
| | - Zubeyir Huyut
- Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry - Van, Turkey
| | - Sıddık Keskin
- Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics - Van, Turkey
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Xu C, Zhang S, Gong Y, Nao J, Shen Y, Tan B, Xu S, Cui S, Ruan Y, Wang S, Wang Y, Chen Z. Subicular Caspase-1 Contributes to Pharmacoresistance in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2021; 90:377-390. [PMID: 34288031 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Unidentified mechanisms largely restrict the viability of effective therapies in pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Our previous study revealed that hyperactivity of the subiculum is crucial for the genesis of pharmacoresistance in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), but the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. METHODS Here, we examined the role of subicular caspase-1, a key neural pro-inflammatory enzyme, in pharmacoresistant TLE. RESULTS We found that the expression of activated caspase-1 in the subiculum, but not the CA1, was upregulated in pharmacoresistant amygdaloid-kindled rats. Early overexpression of caspase-1 in the subiculum was sufficient to induce pharmacoresistant TLE in rats, whereas genetic ablation of caspase-1 interfered with the genesis of pharmacoresistant TLE in both kindled rats and kainic acid-treated mice. The pro-pharmacoresistance effect of subicular caspase-1 was mediated by its downstream inflammasome-dependent interleukin-1β. Further electrophysiological results showed that inhibiting caspase-1 decreased the excitability of subicular pyramidal neurons through influencing the excitation/inhibition balance of presynaptic input. Importantly, a small molecular caspase-1 inhibitor CZL80 attenuated seizures in pharmacoresistant TLE models, and decreased the neuronal excitability in the brain slices obtained from patients with pharmacoresistant TLE. INTERPRETATION These results support the subicular caspase-1-interleukin-1β inflammatory pathway as a novel alternative mechanism hypothesis for pharmacoresistant TLE, and present caspase-1 as a potential target. ANN NEUROL 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cenglin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwei Gong
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhen Nao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujia Shen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bei Tan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuheng Xu
- Department of Pharmachemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sunliang Cui
- Department of Pharmachemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeping Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Langeh U, Chawla P, Gupta GD, Singh S. A Novel Approach to Refractory Epilepsy by Targeting Pgp Peripherally and Centrally: Therapeutic Targets and Future Perspectives. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 19:741-749. [PMID: 32814543 DOI: 10.2174/1871527319999200819093109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Refractory epilepsy is a type of epilepsy involving seizures uncontrolled by first or second- line anticonvulsant drugs at a regular therapeutic dose. Despite considerable growth in epileptic pharmacotherapy, one-third of the patients are resistant to current therapies. In this, the mechanisms responsible for resistant epilepsy are either increased expulsion of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) by multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters from the epileptogenic tissue or reduced sensitivity of drug in epileptogenic brain tissue. The difficulty to treat refractory epilepsy is because of drug resistance due to cellular drug efflux, use of drug monotherapy, and subtherapeutic dose administration. Increased expression of Pgp is also responsible for resistance epilepsy or refractory epilepsy. Increased glutamate expression via inhibition of cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II) enzyme also upregulate P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression and augment instance of recurrent seizures. Peripheral and central inhibition of Pgp is a powerful tool to control this drug resistant epilepsy. Drug resistance primarily involves multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene responsible for encoding P-glycoprotein (Pg- P1 or MDR1). Currently, there is no drug under clinical practice which inhibits MDR1. The present review cites some drugs like Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs), COX-II inhibitors, and glutamate receptors antagonists that inhibit P-gp. The exploitation of these targets may emerge as a beneficial approach for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. The present review further highlights the mechanistic role of Pgp in drug-resistant epilepsy, glutamate role in drug efflux, and management approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvashi Langeh
- Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab-142001, India
| | - Pooja Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab-142001, India
| | - Ghanshyam Das Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab-142001, India
| | - Shamsher Singh
- Neuroscience Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab-142001, India
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Kılınç S, Campbell C, Guy A, van Wersch A. Negotiating the boundaries of the medical model: Experiences of people with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 102:106674. [PMID: 31783319 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.106674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
People with epilepsy (PWE) continually report dissatisfaction with the support they receive, particularly in regard to their psychological wellbeing. With its focus on optimal seizure control, epilepsy treatment is entrenched in the medical model of illness, despite growing evidence of the broader psychosocial impact of the condition. This study aimed to explore how PWE experience healthcare in the context of their lives. Semistructured interviews were conducted with thirty-nine adults with epilepsy from across the UK. An adapted version of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was conducted, and three superordinate themes were identified. Firstly, "negotiating the space between health and illness" identified how participants rejected the illness identity and struggled with a treatment regime, which reminded them of the longevity of their condition. Secondly, "tensions in adopting a biomedical perspective" considered how medical professionals overlooked the negative side effects medication had on participants' lives, in favor of optimal seizure control. Thirdly, "the need for broader support" highlighted the additional psychosocial support PWE require. The findings indicate the need to incorporate person-centered, psychological services within the care pathway for PWE, as well as training for health professionals to recognize the broader impact of epilepsy beyond seizure management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kılınç
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Law, Teesside University, Borough Road, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK.
| | | | - Alison Guy
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Law, Teesside University, Borough Road, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Anna van Wersch
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Law, Teesside University, Borough Road, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
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Zhang L, Sun W, Xu L, Wang Y, Zhu G, Wu X, Wang Y, Hong Z. The anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects of kir2.3 activation in PTZ-induced seizures and the kainic acid model of TLE. Epilepsy Res 2019; 156:106167. [PMID: 31336325 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.106167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To elucidate the role of activating the inwardly rectifying K+ channel 2.3 (Kir2.3) in acute seizure and chronic epilepsy, we investigated the effect of a Kir2.3 agonist (tenidap) on epileptic and electrophysiological activities in mice. Neuronal excitability and damage were also evaluated. METHODS A Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced acute seizure model and a kainic acid (KA)-induced temporal epilepsy model were used in adult mice. The mice were given tenidap 30 min before PTZ injection or were given tenidap for 7 days after entering the chronic stage of the KA model. Video monitoring and EEG recordings were performed for comparisons. Immunofluorescence of c-fos was detected in the PTZ model, and Nissl staining was performed in the KA model. RESULTS Tenidap intervention significantly reduced the duration and severity of PTZ-induced acute seizures, which conformed with the power-spectrum analyses of the EEG and the quantification of spikes on EEG. C-fos expression representing neuronal excitability was also reduced with tenidap pretreatment. However, the latency time to seizure onset was unaltered. Seven days of tenidap treatment in the chronic KA model significantly attenuated seizure and spike frequencies compared to the same animal before administration. Nissl staining showed reduced hilar neuron loss in the tenidap-intervention group but showed no difference in the width of the granule cell layer. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, few studies have reported the relevance of Kir2.3 to epilepsy. The present data suggested that activation of Kir2.3 exerts an anticonvulsant effect in acute seizures and the chronic stage of TLE, which makes this channel a potent therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wanbing Sun
- Department of Neurology at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lan Xu
- Department of Neurology at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Neurology at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guoxing Zhu
- Department of Neurology at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xunyi Wu
- Department of Neurology at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yun Wang
- Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Neurology at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zhen Hong
- Department of Neurology at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Similar Safety Profile of the Enantiomeric N-Aminoalkyl Derivatives of Trans-2-Aminocyclohexan-1-ol Demonstrating Anticonvulsant Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132505. [PMID: 31323993 PMCID: PMC6651381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorder in the world. Many antiepileptic drugs cause multiple adverse effects. Moreover, multidrug resistance is a serious problem in epilepsy treatment. In the present study we evaluated the safety profile of three (1–3) new chiral N-aminoalkyl derivatives of trans-2-aminocyclohexan-1-ol demonstrating anticonvulsant activity. Our aim was also to determine differences between the enantiomeric compounds with respect to their safety profile. The results of the study indicated that compounds 1–3 are non-cytotoxic for astrocytes, although they exhibit cytotoxic activity against human glioblastoma cells. Moreover, 1–3 did not affect the viability of HepG2 cells and did not produce adducts with glutathione. Compounds 1–3 demonstrated no mutagenic activity either in the Salmonella typhimurium or in Vibrio harveyi tests. Additionally, the compounds displayed a strong or moderate antimutagenic effect. Finally, the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) ATPase assay demonstrated that both enantiomers are potent P-gp inhibitors. To sum up, our results indicate that the newly synthesized derivatives may be considered promising candidates for further research on anticonvulsant drug discovery and development. Our study indicated the similar safety profile of the enantiomeric N-aminoalkyl derivatives of trans-2-aminocyclohexan-1-ol, although in the previous studies both enantiomers differ in their biotransformation pathways and pharmacological activity.
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Efficiency comparison of nylon-6-based solid-phase and stir bar sorptive extractors for carbamazepine extraction. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:899-911. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Two approaches based on molecularly imprinted polymers-stir bar sorptive extraction (MIP-SBSE) and -magnetic solid-phase extraction (MIP-MSPE) have been used for extraction of carbamazepine (CBZ) from serum samples. Methodology: In MSPE and SBSE, development was achieved by employing a polycaprolactam coating. The Cecil® chromatographic system equipped with a UV-Vis detector was used for analytical determination of CBZ. Results: The linearity of calibration curves was in the concentration ranges of 0.2–12 and 0.05–12 μg ml-1 for MIP-SBSE and MIP-MSPE, respectively. Conclusion: MIP-MSPE was selected in preference to MIP-SBSE since lower limits of detection were achievable using MIP-MSPE method. The CBZ-MIP-MSPE-HPLC-UV method was successfully applied to CBZ determination in real serum samples of patients receiving CBZ.
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15
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Rodrigues RS, Lourenço DM, Paulo SL, Mateus JM, Ferreira MF, Mouro FM, Moreira JB, Ribeiro FF, Sebastião AM, Xapelli S. Cannabinoid Actions on Neural Stem Cells: Implications for Pathophysiology. Molecules 2019; 24:E1350. [PMID: 30959794 PMCID: PMC6480122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase of life expectancy, neurodegenerative disorders are becoming not only a health but also a social burden worldwide. However, due to the multitude of pathophysiological disease states, current treatments fail to meet the desired outcomes. Therefore, there is a need for new therapeutic strategies focusing on more integrated, personalized and effective approaches. The prospect of using neural stem cells (NSC) as regenerative therapies is very promising, however several issues still need to be addressed. In particular, the potential actions of pharmacological agents used to modulate NSC activity are highly relevant. With the ongoing discussion of cannabinoid usage for medical purposes and reports drawing attention to the effects of cannabinoids on NSC regulation, there is an enormous, and yet, uncovered potential for cannabinoids as treatment options for several neurological disorders, specifically when combined with stem cell therapy. In this manuscript, we review in detail how cannabinoids act as potent regulators of NSC biology and their potential to modulate several neurogenic features in the context of pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui S Rodrigues
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Diogo M Lourenço
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Sara L Paulo
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joana M Mateus
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Miguel F Ferreira
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Francisco M Mouro
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - João B Moreira
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Filipa F Ribeiro
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Sara Xapelli
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Wang R, Cui Y, Hu F, Liu W, Du Q, Zhang Y, Zha J, Huang T, Fizir M, He H. Selective recognition and enrichment of carbamazepine in biological samples by magnetic imprinted polymer based on reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1591:62-70. [PMID: 30712819 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A well-defined molecularly imprinted polymer (Fe3O4@CS@MIP) was synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization for magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector to detect carbamazepine (CBZ) in biological samples. The composition of Fe3O4@CS@MIP was selected by a two-step screening method. 4-vinyl pyridine, divinylbenzene and dimethylformamide were chosen as the functional monomer, cross-linker and porogen, respectively. The imprinted layer was coated on the surface of the chain transfer agent-modified magnetic chitosan nanoparticles. The prepared Fe3O4@CS@MIP was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurement and vibrating sample magnetometer. The results indicated that Fe3O4@CS@MIP had a large surface area (265.8 m2/g), high saturation magnetization (19.88 emu/g) and uniform structure. Besides, the binding property of the Fe3O4@CS@MIP was studied in detail. The Fe3O4@CS@MIP showed high imprinting factor (IF = 4.83) and desirable adsorption capacity (323.10 μmol/g) to CBZ. Under the optimum conditions, the developed method exhibited excellent linearity (R2>0.999) in the range of 0.01-0.5 mg/L and 1.0-30.0 mg/L, and the limits of detection were 1.0 μg/L and 9.6 μg/L for the urine and serum samples, respectively. Good recoveries (88.22%-101.18%) were obtained with relative standard deviations less than 4.83%. This work provided a practical approach for the selective extraction and detection of CBZ in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruya Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yanru Cui
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Qiuzheng Du
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jun Zha
- Vocational and Technical College of Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Meriem Fizir
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Hua He
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Vocational and Technical College of Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Palestro PH, Enrique N, Goicoechea S, Villalba ML, Sabatier LL, Martin P, Milesi V, Bruno Blanch LE, Gavernet L. Searching for New Leads To Treat Epilepsy: Target-Based Virtual Screening for the Discovery of Anticonvulsant Agents. J Chem Inf Model 2018; 58:1331-1342. [PMID: 29870230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation is to contribute to the development of new anticonvulsant drugs to treat patients with refractory epilepsy. We applied a virtual screening protocol that involved the search into molecular databases of new compounds and known drugs to find small molecules that interact with the open conformation of the Nav1.2 pore. As the 3D structure of human Nav1.2 is not available, we first assembled 3D models of the target, in closed and open conformations. After the virtual screening, the resulting candidates were submitted to a second virtual filter, to find compounds with better chances of being effective for the treatment of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated resistant epilepsy. Again, we built a model of the 3D structure of human P-gp, and we validated the docking methodology selected to propose the best candidates, which were experimentally tested on Nav1.2 channels by patch clamp techniques and in vivo by the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) test. Patch clamp studies allowed us to corroborate that our candidates, drugs used for the treatment of other pathologies like Ciprofloxacin, Losartan, and Valsartan, exhibit inhibitory effects on Nav1.2 channel activity. Additionally, a compound synthesized in our lab, N, N'-diphenethylsulfamide, interacts with the target and also triggers significant Na1.2 channel inhibitory action. Finally, in vivo studies confirmed the anticonvulsant action of Valsartan, Ciprofloxacin, and N, N'-diphenethylsulfamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo H Palestro
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Nicolas Enrique
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de la Plata), Fac. de Ciencias Exactas , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Sofia Goicoechea
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Maria L Villalba
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Laureano L Sabatier
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Pedro Martin
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de la Plata), Fac. de Ciencias Exactas , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Veronica Milesi
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de la Plata), Fac. de Ciencias Exactas , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Luis E Bruno Blanch
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Luciana Gavernet
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
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Zhang R, Wang S, Yang Y, Deng Y, Li D, Su P, Yang Y. Modification of polydopamine-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles with multi-walled carbon nanotubes for magnetic-μ-dispersive solid-phase extraction of antiepileptic drugs in biological matrices. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3779-3788. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Sivapalarajah S, Krishnakumar M, Bickerstaffe H, Chan Y, Clarkson J, Hampden-Martin A, Mirza A, Tanti M, Marson A, Pirmohamed M, Mirza N. The prescribable drugs with efficacy in experimental epilepsies (PDE3) database for drug repurposing research in epilepsy. Epilepsia 2018; 59:492-501. [PMID: 29341109 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have several shortcomings. For example, they fail to control seizures in 30% of patients. Hence, there is a need to identify new AEDs. Drug repurposing is the discovery of new indications for approved drugs. This drug "recycling" offers the potential of significant savings in the time and cost of drug development. Many drugs licensed for other indications exhibit antiepileptic efficacy in animal models. Our aim was to create a database of "prescribable" drugs, approved for other conditions, with published evidence of efficacy in animal models of epilepsy, and to collate data that would assist in choosing the most promising candidates for drug repurposing. METHODS The database was created by the following: (1) computational literature-mining using novel software that identifies Medline abstracts containing the name of a prescribable drug, a rodent model of epilepsy, and a phrase indicating seizure reduction; then (2) crowdsourced manual curation of the identified abstracts. RESULTS The final database includes 173 drugs and 500 abstracts. It is made freely available at www.liverpool.ac.uk/D3RE/PDE3. The database is reliable: 94% of the included drugs have corroborative evidence of efficacy in animal models (for example, evidence from multiple independent studies). The database includes many drugs that are appealing candidates for repurposing, as they are widely accepted by prescribers and patients-the database includes half of the 20 most commonly prescribed drugs in England-and they target many proteins involved in epilepsy but not targeted by current AEDs. It is important to note that the drugs are of potential relevance to human epilepsy-the database is highly enriched with drugs that target proteins of known causal human epilepsy genes (Fisher's exact test P-value < 3 × 10-5 ). We present data to help prioritize the most promising candidates for repurposing from the database. SIGNIFICANCE The PDE3 database is an important new resource for drug repurposing research in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - YikYing Chan
- School of Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Anthony Marson
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nasir Mirza
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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