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Saikia S, Costa RB, Sinharoy A, Cunha MP, Zaiat M, Lens PNL. Selective removal and recovery of gallium and germanium from synthetic zinc refinery residues using biosorption and bioprecipitation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115396. [PMID: 35751242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The depletion of primary ores, the environmental concerns related to mining activities, and the need to promote circular economy has drawn attention to the recycling of metallic compounds. Bio-based technologies are suitable for metal recovery, as they operate under mild conditions (ambient temperature and pressure) and are ideal for treating low-concentration waters. This study compared the effectiveness of adsorption and precipitation for the removal and recovery of gallium, germanium and zinc. Adsorption of the metallic ions on elemental forms of sulfur (S0), selenium (Se0) and tellurium (Te0), both of chemical and biological sources, was tested. Biosorption onto elemental forms of S0bio, Se0bio and Te0bio effectively removed Ga and Zn. The highest removal efficiency (ղ) was obtained for Ga onto the adsorbent Te0bio (69 ± 0.4%), with an adsorption capacity (q) of 74 mg Ga (g Te0bio)-1, followed by Zn (ղ = 40 ± 0.7%) with 43 mg Zn (g Te0bio)-1. Precipitation with chemical and biogenic sulfide at different metal to sulfide (Me/S) ratios was also assessed. Biologically produced sulfide was more efficient for Ga and Zn compared to chemical sulfide. Precipitation with biogenic sulfide was efficient for the removal of Ga (ղ = 59.9 ± 2.6%) and Zn (ղ = 44.2 ± 3.0%). The lowest ratio between metal to sulfide (Me/S = 0.2) achieved higher zinc removal efficiencies, whereas gallium removal was more efficient at Me/S = 1.5. None of the tested methods allowed for recovery of Ge. Biosorption and bioprecipitation gave nevertheless high removal and recovery of Ga and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Saikia
- National University of Ireland, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Rachel B Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, R. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Arindam Sinharoy
- National University of Ireland, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mirabelle P Cunha
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Engenharia Ambiental - Bloco 4-F, Av. João Dagnone, 1100 - Santa Angelina, 13.563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Zaiat
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Engenharia Ambiental - Bloco 4-F, Av. João Dagnone, 1100 - Santa Angelina, 13.563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Piet N L Lens
- National University of Ireland, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
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Das D, R A, Kay P, Ramamurthy V, Goycoolea FM, Das N. Selective recovery of lithium from spent coin cell cathode leachates using ion imprinted blended chitosan microfibers: Pilot scale studies provide insights on scalability. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128535. [PMID: 35259696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Devlina Das
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore 641004, India.
| | - Abarajitha R
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore 641004, India
| | - Paul Kay
- School of Geography, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - V Ramamurthy
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore 641004, India; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore 641 022, India
| | | | - Nilanjana Das
- Bioremediation Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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Rare Earth Group Separation after Extraction Using Sodium Diethyldithiocarbsamate/Polyvinyl Chloride from Lamprophyre Dykes Leachate. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15031211. [PMID: 35161155 PMCID: PMC8839727 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the first application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate/polyvinyl chloride (DdTC/PVC) as a novel adsorbent for rare earth element (REE) sorption from leach liquors. DdTC/PVC has higher adsorption properties than other sorbents, the synthesis of DdTC/PVC is more accessible than other resins, and it is considered a more affordable sorbent. The three-liquid-phase extraction technique (TLPE) was applied to separate REEs into light, middle, and heavy rare earth elements as groups. The TLPE is an excellent achievable technique in the separation of REEs. DdTC/PVC was prepared as a sorbent to sorb rare-earth ions in chloride solution. It was described by XRD, SEM, TGA, and FTIR. The factors pH, initial rare-earth ion concentration, contact time, and DdTC/PVC dose were also analyzed. The ideal pH was 5.5, and the ideal equilibration time was found to be 45 min. The rare-earth ion uptake on DdTC/PVC was 156.2 mg/g. The rare-earth ion sorption on DdTC/PVC was fitted to Langmuir and pseudo-2nd-order models. The rare-earth ions’ thermodynamic adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic. In addition, rare-earth ion desorption from the loaded DdTC/PVC was scrutinized using 1 M HCl, 45 min time of contact, and a 1:60 S:L phase ratio. The obtained rare earth oxalate concentrate was utilized after dissolving it in HCl to extract and separate the RE ions into three groups—light (La, Ce, Nd, and Sm), middle (Gd, Ho, and Er), and heavy (Yb, Lu, and Y)—via three-liquid-phase extraction (TLPE). This technique is simple and suitable for extracting REEs.
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Staicu LC, Wόjtowicz PJ, Baragaño D, Pόsfai M, Molnár Z, Ruiz-Agudo E, Gallego JLR. Bioremediation of a polymetallic, arsenic-dominated reverse osmosis reject stream. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 75:1084-1092. [PMID: 34608662 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of metal-laden industrial effluents by reverse osmosis is gaining in popularity worldwide due to its high performance. However, this process generates a polymetallic concentrate (retentate) stream in need of efficient post-treatment prior to environmental discharge. This paper presents results on the bioremediation (in batch mode) of a metal-laden, arsenic-dominated retentate using Shewanella sp. O23S as inoculum. The incubation of the retentate for 14 days under anoxic conditions resulted in the following removal yields: As (8%), Co (11%), Mo (3%), Se (62%), Sb (30%) and Zn (40%). The addition of 1 mmol l-1 cysteine increased the removal rate as follows: As (27%), Co (80%), Mo (78%), Se (88%), Sb (83%) and Zn (90%). The contribution of cysteine as a source of H2 S to enhancing the removal yield was confirmed by its addition after 7 days of incubations initially lacking it. Additionally, the cysteine-sourced H2 S was confirmed by its capture onto headspace-mounted Pb-acetate test strips that were analysed by X-ray diffraction. We show that real metal-laden industrial effluents can be treated to medium-to-high efficiency using a biological system (naturally sourced inocula) and inexpensive reagents (yeast extract, lactate and cysteine).
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Staicu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P J Wόjtowicz
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Baragaño
- Environmental Biogeochemistry & Raw Materials Group and INDUROT, University of Oviedo, Mieres, Spain
| | - M Pόsfai
- Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Nanolab, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Z Molnár
- Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Nanolab, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - E Ruiz-Agudo
- Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - J L R Gallego
- Environmental Biogeochemistry & Raw Materials Group and INDUROT, University of Oviedo, Mieres, Spain
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Costa RB, Godoi LAG, Braga AFM, Delforno TP, Bevilaqua D. Sulfate removal rate and metal recovery as settling precipitates in bioreactors: Influence of electron donors. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123622. [PMID: 33264855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Four down-flow structured bed bioreactors were operated targeting biological sulfate-reduction and metal recovery. Three different electron donors were tested: glycerol (R1), lactate (R2), sucrose (R3), and a blend of the previous three (R4) with an increasing copper influent load (5, 15, and 30 mg Cu2+.L-1). Copper inhibited sulfate-reduction in R1 (15 mg Cu2+.L-1) and R3 (5 mg Cu2+.L-1), but the fermentative activity was not affected. R2 and R4 were not inhibited by the copper influent concentration. R2 provided the highest sulfate reduction rate (1767.3 ± 240.1 mg SO42-.L.day-1). Nonetheless, the accumulation of settling precipitates was 22 % higher in R4 than in R2, indicating the former yielded the highest metal recovery as settling precipitates (24.8 g FSS.L-1, 25 % Fe2+, 5% Cu2+). 16S rRNA sequencing showed highest diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria in R2. A predominance of sulfate-reducing and fermentative bacteria with more similarity was observed between microbial populations in R1 and R4, despite the difference in toxicity thresholds. Hence, the electron donor influenced not only the biological sulfate reduction, but also metal toxicity thresholds and metal recovery as settling precipitates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Biancalana Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, R. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Augusto Gouvea Godoi
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Engenharia Ambiental - Bloco 4-F, 1100 João Dagnone Av. - Santa Angelina, 13.563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Ferreira Maluf Braga
- Biological Processes Laboratory, Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Engenharia Ambiental - Bloco 4-F, 1100 João Dagnone Av. - Santa Angelina, 13.563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Palladino Delforno
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos Km 110, Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Denise Bevilaqua
- Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, R. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Kumar M, Nandi M, Pakshirajan K. Recent advances in heavy metal recovery from wastewater by biogenic sulfide precipitation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 278:111555. [PMID: 33157464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biological sulfide precipitation by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) is an emerging technique for the recovery of heavy metals from metal contaminated wastewater. Advantages of this technique include low capital cost, ability to form highly insoluble salts, and capability to remove and recover heavy metals even at very low concentrations. Therefore, sulfate reduction under anaerobic conditions has become a suitable alternative for the treatment of wastewaters that contain metals. However, bioreactor configurations for recovery of metals from sulfate rich metallic wastewater have not been explored widely. Moreover, the recovered metal sulfide nanoparticles could be applied in various fields such as solar cells, dye degradation, electroplating, etc. Hence, metal recovery in the form of nanoparticles from wastewater could serve as an incentive for industries. The simultaneous metal removal and recovery can be achieved in either a single-stage or multistage systems. This paper aims to present an overview of the different bioreactor configurations for the treatment of wastewater containing sulfate and metal along with their advantages and drawbacks for metal recovery. Currently followed biological strategies to mitigate sulfate and metal rich wastewater are evaluated in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Moumita Nandi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Kannan Pakshirajan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
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Costa RB, Bevilaqua D, Lens PNL. Pre-treatment and temperature effects on the use of slow release electron donor for biological sulfate reduction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 275:111216. [PMID: 32858270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials can be used as slow release electron donor (SRED) for biological sulfate reduction, potentially enhancing the subsequent metal sulfide precipitation. Lignocellulosic materials require a pre-treatment step in other biotechnological applications, but pre-treatment strategies for its use as a SRED for biological sulfate reduction have not yet been tested. Three pre-treatments strategies (mechanical, acid, and mechanical followed by acid pre-treatment) were tested to enhance electron donor release from brewery spent grain (BSG), and compared to a non-pre-treated control. Mechanical pre-treatment provided the highest sulfate removal rate (82.8 ± 8.8 mg SO42-.(g TVS.day)-1), as well as the highest final sulfide concentration (441.0 ± 34.4 mg.L-1) at mesophilic conditions. BSG submitted to mechanical pre-treatment was also assessed under psychrophilic and thermophilic conditions. Under mesophilic and psychrophilic conditions, both sulfate reduction and methane production occurred. Under psychrophilic conditions, the sulfate reduction rate was lower (25 ± 2.0 mg SO42-.(g TVS.day)-1), and the sulfide formation depended on lactate addition. A metal precipitation assay was conducted to assess whether the use of SRED enhances metal recovery. Zinc precipitation and recovery with chemical or biogenic sulfide from the BSG batches were tested. Sulfide was provided in a single spike or slowly added, mimicking the effect of SRED. ZnS was formed in all conditions, but better settling particles were obtained when sulfide was slowly added, regardless of the sulfide source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel B Costa
- National University of Ireland, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland; Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, R. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Denise Bevilaqua
- Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, R. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Piet N L Lens
- National University of Ireland, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
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Sethurajan M, van Hullebusch ED, Nancharaiah YV. Biotechnology in the management and resource recovery from metal bearing solid wastes: Recent advances. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 211:138-153. [PMID: 29408062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid metalliferous wastes (sludges, dusts, residues, slags, red mud and tailing wastes) originating from ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgical industries are a serious environmental threat, when waste management practices are not properly followed. Metalliferous wastes generated by metallurgical industries are promising resources for biotechnological extraction of metals. These wastes still contain significant amounts of valuable non-ferrous metals, sometimes precious metals and also rare earth elements. Elemental composition and mineralogy of the metallurgical wastes is dependent on the nature of mining site and composition of primary ores mined. Most of the metalliferous wastes are oxidized in nature and contain less/no reduced sulfidic minerals (which can be quite well processed by biohydrometallurgy). However, application of biohydrometallurgy is more challenging while extracting metals from metallurgical wastes that contain oxide minerals. In this review, origin, elemental composition and mineralogy of the metallurgical solid wastes are presented. Various bio-hydrometallurgical processes that can be considered for the extraction of non-ferrous metals from metal bearing solid wastes are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manivannan Sethurajan
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, India; Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (LGE), EA 4508, UPEM, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France; Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yarlagadda V Nancharaiah
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar Complex, Mumbai, 400 094, India
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Godoi LAGD, Foresti E, Damianovic MHRZ. Down-flow fixed-structured bed reactor: An innovative reactor configuration applied to acid mine drainage treatment and metal recovery. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 197:597-604. [PMID: 28431372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A down-flow fixed-structured bed reactor (DFSBR) was operated for 277 days treating a mixture of synthetic substrates simulating an iron-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) and the soluble fraction of a sugarcane vinasse. The synthetic sugarcane vinasse was used as electron donor for biological sulfate-reduction, resulting in influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) close to 4000 mg L-1 and volumetric organic loading rate of 4.8 g L-1d-1. The influent sulfate concentration was kept close to 2000 mg L-1 (volumetric sulfate loading rate of 2.5 g L-1d-1) while a gradual increase of iron concentration (2-400 mg L-1) was applied. COD removal efficiencies were higher than 93% and the sulfate removal efficiencies were close to 100%. With the highest iron concentration (400 mg L-1) applied, the DFSBR achieved 95% of iron removal efficiency. The precipitate collected at the reactor bottom showed increasing concentrations of fixed suspended solids (FSS), as well as an increasing proportion of iron, indicating the possibility of metal recovery from the system. The association between sulfidogenic and methanogenic processes also enables energy recovery from the methane-rich biogas produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Augusto Gouvêa de Godoi
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13563-120, Brazil.
| | - Eugenio Foresti
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13563-120, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Helena Rissato Zamariolli Damianovic
- Biological Processes Laboratory (LPB), São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13563-120, Brazil.
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Sethurajan M, Huguenot D, Jain R, Lens PNL, Horn HA, Figueiredo LHA, van Hullebusch ED. Leaching and selective zinc recovery from acidic leachates of zinc metallurgical leach residues. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 324:71-82. [PMID: 26832075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) leaching yields and kinetics from three different zinc plant leach residues (ZLR) generated in different periods (ZLR1>30 years, ZLR2 5-30 years and ZLR3<2 years) were investigated. The factors affecting the Zn leaching rate such as solid to liquid ratio, temperature, acid concentration and agitation were optimized. Under optimum conditions, 46.2 (±4.3), 23.3 (±2.7) and 17.6 (±1.2) mg of Zn can be extracted per gram of ZLR1, ZLR2 and ZLR3, respectively. The Zn leaching kinetics of ZLRs follow the shrinking core diffusion model. The activation energy required to leach Zn from ZLR1, ZLR2 and ZLR3 were estimated to be 2.24kcal/mol, 6.63kcal/mol and 11.7kcal/mol, respectively, by the Arrhenius equation. The order of the reaction with respect to the sulfuric acid concentration was also determined as 0.20, 0.56, and 0.87 for ZLR1, ZLR2 and ZLR3, respectively. Zn was selectively recovered from the leachates by adjusting the initial pH and by the addition of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. More than 90% of Zn was selectively recovered as sphalerite from the ZLR polymetallic leachates by chemical sulfide precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manivannan Sethurajan
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (LGE), EA 4508, UPEM, 77454, Marne-la-Vallée, France; UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611, AX Delft, the Netherlands; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, NGqA-CPMTC, Instituto de Geociências, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - David Huguenot
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (LGE), EA 4508, UPEM, 77454, Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - Rohan Jain
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611, AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Piet N L Lens
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611, AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Heinrich A Horn
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, NGqA-CPMTC, Instituto de Geociências, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz H A Figueiredo
- Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Solos e nutrição de plantas, Avenida Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Bico da Pedra-Janauba, MG 39440-000, Brazil
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (LGE), EA 4508, UPEM, 77454, Marne-la-Vallée, France.
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Cassidy J, Lubberding HJ, Esposito G, Keesman KJ, Lens PNL. Automated biological sulphate reduction: a review on mathematical models, monitoring and bioprocess control. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2015; 39:823-53. [DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuv033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sánchez-Andrea I, Sanz JL, Bijmans MFM, Stams AJM. Sulfate reduction at low pH to remediate acid mine drainage. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 269:98-109. [PMID: 24444599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Industrial activities and the natural oxidation of metallic sulfide-ores produce sulfate-rich waters with low pH and high heavy metals content, generally termed acid mine drainage (AMD). This is of great environmental concern as some heavy metals are highly toxic. Within a number of possibilities, biological treatment applying sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is an attractive option to treat AMD and to recover metals. The process produces alkalinity, neutralizing the AMD simultaneously. The sulfide that is produced reacts with the metal in solution and precipitates them as metal sulfides. Here, important factors for biotechnological application of SRB such as the inocula, the pH of the process, the substrates and the reactor design are discussed. Microbial communities of sulfidogenic reactors treating AMD which comprise fermentative-, acetogenic- and SRB as well as methanogenic archaea are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sánchez-Andrea
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jose Luis Sanz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martijn F M Bijmans
- Wetsus, Centre of Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Alfons J M Stams
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands; IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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13
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Villa-Gomez DK, van Hullebusch ED, Maestro R, Farges F, Nikitenko S, Kramer H, Gonzalez-Gil G, Lens PNL. Morphology, mineralogy, and solid-liquid phase separation characteristics of Cu and Zn precipitates produced with biogenic sulfide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 48:664-673. [PMID: 24164296 DOI: 10.1021/es402795x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The morphology, mineralogy, and solid-liquid phase separation of the Cu and Zn precipitates formed with sulfide produced in a sulfate-reducing bioreactor were studied at pH 3, 5, and 7. The precipitates formed at pH 7 display faster settling rates, better dewaterability, and higher concentrations of settleable solids as compared to the precipitates formed at pH 3 and 5. These differences were linked to the agglomeration of the sulfidic precipitates and coprecipitation of the phosphate added to the bioreactor influent. The Cu and Zn quenched the intensity of the dissolved organic matter peaks identified by fluorescence-excitation emission matrix spectroscopy, suggesting a binding mechanism that decreases supersaturation, especially at pH 5. X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy analyses confirmed the precipitation of Zn-S as sphalerite and Cu-S as covellite in all samples, but also revealed the presence of Zn sorbed on hydroxyapatite. These analyses further showed that CuS structures remained amorphous regardless of the pH, whereas the ZnS structure was more organized at pH 5 as compared to the ZnS formed at pH 3 and 7, in agreement with the cubic sphalerite-type structures observed through scanning electron microscopy at pH 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Villa-Gomez
- Pollution Prevention and Resource Recovery Chair Group, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education , P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands
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Reis FD, Silva AM, Cunha EC, Leão VA. Application of sodium- and biogenic sulfide to the precipitation of nickel in a continuous reactor. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Klein R, Tischler JS, Mühling M, Schlömann M. Bioremediation of mine water. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 141:109-72. [PMID: 24357145 DOI: 10.1007/10_2013_265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Caused by the oxidative dissolution of sulfide minerals, mine waters are often acidic and contaminated with high concentrations of sulfates, metals, and metalloids. Because the so-called acid mine drainage (AMD) affects the environment or poses severe problems for later use, treatment of these waters is required. Therefore, various remediation strategies have been developed to remove soluble metals and sulfates through immobilization using physical, chemical, and biological approaches. Conventionally, iron and sulfate-the main pollutants in mine waters-are removed by addition of neutralization reagents and subsequent chemical iron oxidation and sulfate mineral precipitation. Biological treatment strategies take advantage of the ability of microorganisms that occur in mine waters to metabolize iron and sulfate. As a rule, these can be grouped into oxidative and reductive processes, reflecting the redox state of mobilized iron (reduced form) and sulfur (oxidized form) in AMD. Changing the redox states of iron and sulfur results in iron and sulfur compounds with low solubility, thus leading to their precipitation and removal. Various techniques have been developed to enhance the efficacy of these microbial processes, as outlined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Klein
- Institute of Biosciences, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599, Freiberg, Germany
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Fang D, Zhang R, Deng W, Li J. Highly efficient removal of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) and Fe(II) from electroplating wastewater using sulphide from sulphidogenic bioreactor effluent. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012; 33:1709-1715. [PMID: 22988632 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.643319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A bench-scale, stirred-tank batch precipitator was used to assess the selective removal of Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+ and Fe2+ from acidic electroplating wastewater using sulphide from a sulphidogenic bioreactor effluent. At pH approximately 1.7, >99% of Cu was selectively precipitated, over Zn, Ni and Fe, from the wastewater as pure CuS by recycling H2S from the bioreactor effluent via N2 sparging, resulting in a Cu effluent concentration <0.4 mg/L. The rate of Cu precipitation increased from 1.6 to 6.4 mg Cu/(L x min) when the pH of the bioreactor effluent decreased from 7.5 to 5.5. Experiments focusing on the precipitation of Zn, Ni and Fe from the wastewater devoid of Cu (at pH approximately 1.7), using sulphide-rich bioreactor effluent, achieved approximately 85-97% precipitation efficiency for Zn, approximately 25-92% for Ni, and approximately 2-99% for Fe, depending on the initial sulphide/metal molar ratio. The sulphide/metal ratio of 1.76 was found to be optimal for the precipitation of Zn, Ni and Fe with sulphides and, to a lesser extent, with hydroxides, resulting in residual metal concentrations of 1 mg Zn/L, 3 mg Ni/L, and 0.5 mg Fe/L. These findings suggest the potential of waste biogenic sulphides for the selective recovery of valuable metals from acidic metal-rich industrial wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Fang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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17
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Villa-Gomez DK, Papirio S, van Hullebusch ED, Farges F, Nikitenko S, Kramer H, Lens PNL. Influence of sulfide concentration and macronutrients on the characteristics of metal precipitates relevant to metal recovery in bioreactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 110:26-34. [PMID: 22326326 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Purity and settling properties determine metal sulfide recovery from bioreactors. The influence of macronutrients commonly present in mineral media and wastewaters on Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn depletion kinetics and characteristics was evaluated in batch experiments with chemically produced sulfide at different concentrations. The metal depletion kinetics showed that metals with slower depletion rates (Zn and Cd) are susceptible to other removal mechanisms such as biosorption onto the sulfate reducing biofilm and precipitation with macronutrients when sulfide is below the stoichiometric metal to sulfide ratio. For Zn, the main mechanism of removal is its sorption onto apatite (Ca(5)(PO(4)))(3)(+)(OH(-)), a compound formed due to the presence of CaCl(2)·2H(2)O and KH(2)PO(4) in the mineral medium. All precipitates were 8.1-10.0μm regardless the sulfide concentration demonstrating that this parameter is less relevant for particle growth and settling, compared to the agglomeration of the precipitates.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Villa-Gomez
- Core Pollution Prevention and Control, UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, P.O. Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands.
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Gharabaghi M, Irannajad M, Azadmehr AR. Selective Sulphide Precipitation of Heavy Metals from Acidic Polymetallic Aqueous Solution by Thioacetamide. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie201832x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Gharabaghi
- School of Mining Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Irannajad
- Department of Mining & Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Hafez St, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Azadmehr
- Department of Mining & Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Hafez St, Tehran, Iran
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Lee AE, Grace MR, Meyer AG, Tuck KL. Fluorescent Zn2+ chemosensors, functional in aqueous solution under environmentally relevant conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Effect of the sulfide concentration on zinc bio-precipitation in a single stage sulfidogenic bioreactor at pH 5.5. Sep Purif Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sampaio∗ RMM, Keesman∗∗ KJ, Lens PNL. Monitoring ZnS Precipitation: Estimation, Error Analysis and Experiment Design. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01496390902886013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Gallegos-Garcia M, Celis LB, Rangel-Méndez R, Razo-Flores E. Precipitation and recovery of metal sulfides from metal containing acidic wastewater in a sulfidogenic down-flow fluidized bed reactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 102:91-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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23
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Modelling and on-line estimation of zinc sulphide precipitation in a continuously stirred tank reactor. Sep Purif Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Xin B, Huang Q, Chen S, Tang X. High-purity nano particles ZnS production by a simple coupling reaction process of biological reduction and chemical precipitation mediated with EDTA. Biotechnol Prog 2008; 24:1171-7. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zandvoort M, van Hullebusch E, Fermoso F, Lens P. Trace Metals in Anaerobic Granular Sludge Reactors: Bioavailability and Dosing Strategies. Eng Life Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200620129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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