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Swaby S, Ureña N, Teresa Pérez-Prior M, del Río C, Várez A, Sanchez JY, Iojoiu C, Levenfeld B. Proton Conducting Sulfonated Polysulfone and Polyphenylsulfone Multiblock Copolymers with Improved Performances for Fuel Cell Applications. J IND ENG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2023.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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2
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Wu J, Wang F, Fan X, Chu J, Cheng F, Hu F, Liu H, Zhang Q, Xu Z, Gong C. Phosphoric acid-doped Gemini quaternary ammonium-grafted SPEEK membranes with superhigh proton conductivity and mechanical strength for direct methanol fuel cells. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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3
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Bagheri A, Bellani S, Beydaghi H, Eredia M, Najafi L, Bianca G, Zappia MI, Safarpour M, Najafi M, Mantero E, Sofer Z, Hou G, Pellegrini V, Feng X, Bonaccorso F. Functionalized Metallic 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide-Based Solid-State Electrolyte for Flexible All-Solid-State Supercapacitors. ACS NANO 2022; 16:16426-16442. [PMID: 36194759 PMCID: PMC9620411 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient and durable flexible solid-state supercapacitors (FSSSCs) are emerging as low-cost devices for portable and wearable electronics due to the elimination of leakage of toxic/corrosive liquid electrolytes and their capability to withstand elevated mechanical stresses. Nevertheless, the spread of FSSSCs requires the development of durable and highly conductive solid-state electrolytes, whose electrochemical characteristics must be competitive with those of traditional liquid electrolytes. Here, we propose an innovative composite solid-state electrolyte prepared by incorporating metallic two-dimensional group-5 transition metal dichalcogenides, namely, liquid-phase exfoliated functionalized niobium disulfide (f-NbS2) nanoflakes, into a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) polymeric matrix. The terminal sulfonate groups in f-NbS2 nanoflakes interact with the sulfonic acid groups of SPEEK by forming a robust hydrogen bonding network. Consequently, the composite solid-state electrolyte is mechanically/dimensionally stable even at a degree of sulfonation of SPEEK as high as 70.2%. At this degree of sulfonation, the mechanical strength is 38.3 MPa, and thanks to an efficient proton transport through the Grotthuss mechanism, the proton conductivity is as high as 94.4 mS cm-1 at room temperature. To elucidate the importance of the interaction between the electrode materials (including active materials and binders) and the solid-state electrolyte, solid-state supercapacitors were produced using SPEEK and poly(vinylidene fluoride) as proton conducting and nonconducting binders, respectively. The use of our solid-state electrolyte in combination with proton-conducting SPEEK binder and carbonaceous electrode materials (mixture of activated carbon, single/few-layer graphene, and carbon black) results in a solid-state supercapacitor with a specific capacitance of 116 F g-1 at 0.02 A g-1, optimal rate capability (76 F g-1 at 10 A g-1), and electrochemical stability during galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling and folding/bending stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Bagheri
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Center
for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) & Faculty of Chemistry
and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Matilde Eredia
- BeDimensional
SpA, Lungotorrente Secca
30R, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Leyla Najafi
- BeDimensional
SpA, Lungotorrente Secca
30R, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bianca
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Milad Safarpour
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Informatica Bioingegneria, Robotica e Ingegneria dei Sistemi (DIBRIS), Universita Degli Studi di Genova, Via All’Opera Pia 13, 16145 Genova, Italy
| | - Maedeh Najafi
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Informatica Bioingegneria, Robotica e Ingegneria dei Sistemi (DIBRIS), Universita Degli Studi di Genova, Via All’Opera Pia 13, 16145 Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Mantero
- BeDimensional
SpA, Lungotorrente Secca
30R, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Zdenek Sofer
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Guorong Hou
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry
and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vittorio Pellegrini
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- BeDimensional
SpA, Lungotorrente Secca
30R, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center
for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED) & Faculty of Chemistry
and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität
Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
- Max
Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- BeDimensional
SpA, Lungotorrente Secca
30R, 16163 Genoa, Italy
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SPEEK and SPPO Blended Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12030263. [PMID: 35323739 PMCID: PMC8955609 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In fuel cell applications, the proton exchange membrane (PEM) is the major component where the balance among dimensional stability, proton conductivity, and durability is a long-term trail. In this research, a series of blended SPEEK/SPPO membranes were designed by varying the amounts of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) into sulfonated poly(phenylene) oxide (SPPO) for fuel cell application. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to confirm the successful synthesis of the blended membranes. Morphological features of the fabricated membranes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that these membranes exhibited homogeneous structures. The fabricated blended membranes SPEEK/SPPO showed ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 1.23 to 2.0 mmol/g, water uptake (WR) of 22.92 to 64.57% and membrane swelling (MS) of 7.53 to 25.49%. The proton conductivity of these blended membranes was measured at different temperature. The proton conductivity and chemical stability of the prepared membranes were compared with commercial membrane Nafion 117 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, United States) under same experimental conditions. The proton conductivity of the fabricated membranes increased by enhancing the amount of SPPO into the membrane matrix. Moreover, the proton conductivity of the fabricated membranes was investigated as a function of temperature. Results demonstrated that these membranes are good for applications in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC).
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5
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Feng Y, Zhong S, Cui X, Li Y, Ding C, Cui L, Wang M, Yang Y, Liu W. The synergistic effect of polyorganosilicon and sulfonic groups functionalized graphene oxide on the performance of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone ketone) polyelectrolyte material. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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6
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Sun X, Zhu F, Liu X, Ren H, Xia M, Yang M, Feng Y, Ding H. Acid–base core–shell microspheres are incorporated into proton exchange membranes to effectively alleviate the rapid decline in proton conductivity at low humidity. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008320957407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) that can avoid rapid decay of proton conductivity under low humidity is of great significance for the practical application of PEMFC. In this study, acid–base core–shell microspheres (PCSMs-MA@TAC) with a carboxylic acid core and a triazine shell were synthesized by distillation-precipitation polymerization using cross-linked carboxylic acid microspheres (PMAA) as seeds. These PCSMs were then incorporated into a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) matrix to make hybrid membranes. Incorporation of PCSMs microspheres can not only strengthen the vehicle mechanism by increasing the water uptake of the membrane, but also the acid–base pairs formed at the SPEEK/PCSMs interface provide a new low-energy barrier pathway for proton hopping, thereby enhancing the proton conduction of the Grotthuss mechanism. The results show that when the content is 10 wt%, the proton conductivity of the SPEEK/PCSMs-MA@TAC composite membrane can reach 0.161 S cm−1 at 80°C and 100% RH, which is 19.3% higher than the SPEEK control membrane (0.135 S cm−1). In particular, even at 60% RH, the proton conductivity of the SPEEK/PCSMs-MA@TAC-10 composite membrane is still 67 mS cm−1, which is 3.16 times higher than that of the SPEEK membrane. Therefore, the SPEEK/PCSMs-MA@TAC composite membrane can maintain superior performance even under high temperature and low humidity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sun
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongqian Ren
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minglong Xia
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Feng
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huili Ding
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Aguiar LCV, Ramos Filho FG, Dahmouche K, Perez G, Archanjo BS, Kawaguti CA, Souza Gomes A. SPEEK‐Tin
dioxide proton conducting membranes: Effect of modifying agent of tin dioxide particles surface. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liz Contino Vianna Aguiar
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa ManoUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Horácio Macedo, Cidade universitária Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Engenharia Metalúrgica‐PPGEMUniversidade Federal Fluminense, Avenida dos trabalhadores Volta Redonda Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Florêncio Gomes Ramos Filho
- Fundação Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste‐UEZOAvenida Manoel Caldeira de Alvarenga Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Karim Dahmouche
- Campus de Duque de CaxiasUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 104.5, Santa Cruz da Serra Duque de Caxias Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Gerônimo Perez
- Divisão de Metrologia de MateriaisInstituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia INMETRO Duque de Caxias Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Braulio Soares Archanjo
- Divisão de Metrologia de MateriaisInstituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia INMETRO Duque de Caxias Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Carla Akimi Kawaguti
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa ManoUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Horácio Macedo, Cidade universitária Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Ailton Souza Gomes
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa ManoUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Horácio Macedo, Cidade universitária Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Junoh H, Jaafar J, Nordin NAHM, Ismail AF, Othman MHD, Rahman MA, Aziz F, Yusof N. Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Application: Perspective on Morphological Structure. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E34. [PMID: 32106509 PMCID: PMC7142913 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane morphology plays a great role in determining the performance of polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs), especially for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications. Membrane morphology can be divided into two types, which are dense and porous structures. Membrane fabrication methods have different configurations, including dense, thin and thick, layered, sandwiched and pore-filling membranes. All these types of membranes possess the same densely packed structural morphology, which limits the transportation of protons, even at a low methanol crossover. This paper summarizes our work on the development of PEMs with various structures and architecture that can affect the membrane's performance, in terms of microstructures and morphologies, for potential applications in DMFCs. An understanding of the transport behavior of protons and methanol within the pores' limits could give some perspective in the delivery of new porous electrolyte membranes for DMFC applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazlina Junoh
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; (H.J.); (A.F.I.); (M.H.D.O.); (M.A.R.); (F.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Juhana Jaafar
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; (H.J.); (A.F.I.); (M.H.D.O.); (M.A.R.); (F.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Nik Abdul Hadi Md Nordin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; (H.J.); (A.F.I.); (M.H.D.O.); (M.A.R.); (F.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; (H.J.); (A.F.I.); (M.H.D.O.); (M.A.R.); (F.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Mukhlis A. Rahman
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; (H.J.); (A.F.I.); (M.H.D.O.); (M.A.R.); (F.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Farhana Aziz
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; (H.J.); (A.F.I.); (M.H.D.O.); (M.A.R.); (F.A.); (N.Y.)
| | - Norhaniza Yusof
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Skudai 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; (H.J.); (A.F.I.); (M.H.D.O.); (M.A.R.); (F.A.); (N.Y.)
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9
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Li J, Liu C, Gao Y, Li N, Xie Z. Enhancing the CO2 separation performance of SPEEK membranes by incorporation of polyaniline-decorated halloysite nanotubes. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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The effect of adding sulfonated SiO2 nanoparticles and polymer blending on properties and performance of sulfonated poly ether sulfone membrane: Fabrication and optimization. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Salarizadeh P, Javanbakht M, Pourmahdian S. Enhancing the performance of SPEEK polymer electrolyte membranes using functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles with proton hopping sites. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25959f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the application of a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)/amine functionalized titanium dioxide nanoparticle (AFT) composite as a novel membrane in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Salarizadeh
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | - Mehran Javanbakht
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | - Saeed Pourmahdian
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
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12
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Bagheri A, Javanbakht M, Beydaghi H, Salarizadeh P, Shabanikia A, Salar Amoli H. Sulfonated poly(etheretherketone) and sulfonated polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene based blend proton exchange membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00038j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel blend membranes based on sulfonated poly(etheretherketone) (SPEEK) and sulfonated polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (SPVDF-co-HFP) were prepared as proton exchange membranes and used in DMFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Bagheri
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- I. R. Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | - Mehran Javanbakht
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- I. R. Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | - Hossein Beydaghi
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- I. R. Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | - Parisa Salarizadeh
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- I. R. Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | - Akbar Shabanikia
- Energy Affairs Deputy Building
- Renewable Energy Organization of Iran
- Tehran
- I. R. Iran
| | - Hossein Salar Amoli
- Faculty of Chemical Industry
- Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
- IROST
- Tehran
- I. R. Iran
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13
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Wang J, Bai H, Zhang H, Zhao L, Chen H, Li Y. Anhydrous proton exchange membrane of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) enabled by polydopamine-modified silica nanoparticles. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.11.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Beydaghi H, Javanbakht M, Bagheri A, Salarizadeh P, Zahmatkesh HG, Kashefi S, Kowsari E. Novel nanocomposite membranes based on blended sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonated graphene oxide/Fe3O4 nanosheets for DMFC applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra12941a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Presumptive representation structure of the prepared cross-linked nanocomposite proton exchange membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Beydaghi
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | - Mehran Javanbakht
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | - Ahmad Bagheri
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | - Parisa Salarizadeh
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
- Fuel Cell and Solar Cell Laboratory
| | | | - Sepideh Kashefi
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Semnan University
- Semnan
- Iran
| | - Elaheh Kowsari
- Department of Chemistry
- Amirkabir University of Technology
- Tehran
- Iran
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15
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Transport properties of SPEEK nanocomposite proton conducting membranes: Optimization of additives content by response surface methodology. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Ilbeygi H, Ismail A, Mayahi A, Nasef M, Jaafar J, Jalalvandi E. Transport properties and direct methanol fuel cell performance of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone)/Cloisite/triaminopyrimidine nanocomposite polymer electrolyte membrane at moderate temperature. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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